List of heads of state of Libya

Libya
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
Libya

This article lists the heads of state of Libya since the country's independence in 1951.

Heads of State of Libya

No. Name Birth–Death Reign start Reign end Dynasty
King of Libya
1 Idris I 1889–1983 24 December 1951 1 September 1969 Senussi
The first and only King of Libya. Deposed in the 1969 coup d'état.
No. Name Birth–Death Took office Left office Political Affiliation
Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council
2 Muammar Gaddafi 1942–2011 1 September 1969 2 March 1977 Military /
Arab Socialist Union
Gaddafi dissolved the Revolutionary Command Council on 2 March 1977, after the General People's Congress adopted the Declaration on the Establishment of the Authority of the People.
Secretaries-General of the General People's Congress
(2) Muammar Gaddafi 1942–2011 2 March 1977 2 March 1979 Military /
Independent
(Islamic socialist)
Gaddafi renounced all government functions on 2 March 1979. However, as leader of the revolution (officially "Brotherly Leader and Guide of the Revolution"), he retained ultimate control over Libya until he was deposed and killed during the 2011 Civil War.
3 Abdul Ati al-Obeidi 1939– 2 March 1979 7 January 1981 Independent
(Islamic socialist)
Previously served as General Secretary of the General People's Committee (Prime Minister), from 1977 to 1979.
4 Muhammad az-Zaruq Rajab 1940– 7 January 1981 15 February 1984 Independent
(Islamic socialist)
Afterwards served as General Secretary of the General People's Committee (Prime Minister), from 1984 to 1986.
5 Mifta al-Usta Umar 1935–2010 15 February 1984 7 October 1990 Independent
(Islamic socialist)
Served at the time of the 1986 United States bombing (Operation El Dorado Canyon).
6 Abdul Razzaq as-Sawsa 7 October 1990 18 November 1992 Independent
(Islamic socialist)
7 Muhammad az-Zanati 18 November 1992 3 March 2008 Independent
(Islamic socialist)
8 Miftah Muhammed K'eba 3 March 2008 5 March 2009 Independent
(Islamic socialist)
9 Imbarek Shamekh 1952– 5 March 2009 26 January 2010 Independent
(Islamic socialist)
Previously served as General Secretary of the General People's Committee (Prime Minister), from 2000 to 2003.
10 Mohamed Abu al-Qasim al-Zwai 1952– 26 January 2010 23 August 2011 Independent
(Islamic socialist)
Served at the time of the 2011 Civil War and the concurrent foreign military intervention. Deposed during the Battle of Tripoli.
Chairman of the National Transitional Council
11 Mustafa Abdul Jalil 1952– 5 March 2011 8 August 2012 Independent
In rebellion to 23 August 2011, based in Benghazi during this period.
Presidents of the General National Congress
— Mohammed Ali Salim
Acting President		 1935– 8 August 2012 9 August 2012 Independent
Symbolic head of state for the handover of power from the NTC.
12 Mohammed Magariaf 1940– 9 August 2012 28 May 2013 National Front Party
Resigned to comply with the Political Isolation Law passed by the GNC on 14 May 2013.
— Giuma Ahmed Atigha
Acting President		 1950– 28 May 2013 25 June 2013 Independent
13 Nouri Abusahmain 25 June 2013 5 April 2016 Independent
In rebellion, based in Tripoli. Internationally recognized until 4 August 2014.
Following the 2014 legislative election, the government was split between the newly-elected House of Representatives and the 2014 General National Congress, composed of remnants of the outgoing General National Congress, resulting in the 2014–17 Civil War. The 2014 legislative election have been declared invalid by the Libyan Supreme Court in November 2014.
Presidents of the House of Representatives
— Abu Bakr Baira
Acting President		 4 August 2014 5 August 2014 Independent
Symbolic head of state for the handover of power from the GNC.
14 Aguila Saleh Issa 1944– 5 August 2014 Incumbent Independent
In rebellion, based in Tobruk. Internationally recognized until 12 March 2016.
Following the inauguration of the Presidential Council and the Government of National Accord, the government remain split between the House of Representatives and the 2014 General National Congress, recreated after the 2016 coup d'état attempt. Afterwards, the High Council of the Revolution is created as well. However, the High Council of State, based in Tripoli recognizes the GNA.
Chairman of the Presidential Council
15 Fayez al-Sarraj 1960– 30 March 2016 Incumbent Independent
Internationally recognized, based in Tripoli. Simultaneously serving as Prime Minister of the Government of National Accord.

See also

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