Cartazolate

Cartazolate
Clinical data
Routes of
administration		 By mouth
ATC code
  • None
Legal status
Legal status
  • In general: uncontrolled
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
ChemSpider
UNII
ChEMBL
Chemical and physical data
Formula C15H22N4O2
Molar mass 290.36 g/mol
3D model (JSmol)

Cartazolate (SQ-65,396) is a drug of the pyrazolopyridine class. It acts as a GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulator at the barbiturate binding site of the complex and has anxiolytic effects in animals.[1][2][3][4] It is also known to act as an adenosine antagonist at the A1 and A2 subtypes and as a phosphodiesterase inhibitor.[5][6] Cartazolate was tested in human clinical trials and was found to be efficacious for anxiety but was never marketed.[7] It was developed by a team at E.R. Squibb and Sons in the 1970s.[8]

Synthesis

Cartazolate and Etazolate synthesis: HOEHN H, DENZEL T; DE 2123318  (1970 to E. R. Squibb & Sons Inc.).

Condensation of aminopyrazole (1) with diethyl ethoxymethylenemalonate (2) gives the product of the addition-elimination (3). The product tautomerizes spontaneously to the hydroxypyridine (4). The hydroxyl group is then converted to the chloro-derivative by means of phosphorus oxychloride (5). Displacement of halogen by n-butylamine gives the antidepressant compound cartazolate. Displacement of halogen by the basic nitrogen of acetone hydrazone[9] affords the antidepressant etazolate.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Placheta P, Karobath M (March 1980). "In vitro modulation by SQ 20009 and SQ 65396 of GABA receptor binding in rat CNS membranes". European Journal of Pharmacology. 62 (2-3): 225–8. PMID 6103810. doi:10.1016/0014-2999(80)90281-2.
  2. ↑ Supavilai P, Karobath M (March 1981). "Action of pyrazolopyridines as modulators of [3H]flunitrazepam binding to the gaba/benzodiazepine receptor complex of the cerebellum". European Journal of Pharmacology. 70 (2): 183–93. PMID 6114867. doi:10.1016/0014-2999(81)90213-2.
  3. ↑ Leeb-Lundberg F, Snowman A, Olsen RW (May 1981). "Perturbation of benzodiazepine receptor binding by pyrazolopyridines involves picrotoxinin/barbiturate receptor sites". Journal of Neuroscience. 1 (5): 471–7. PMID 7050308.
  4. ↑ Bristow DR, Martin IL (March 1990). "Biochemical characterization of an isolated and functionally reconstituted gamma-aminobutyric acid/benzodiazepine receptor". Journal of Neurochemistry. 54 (3): 751–61. PMID 2154549. doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb02315.x.
  5. ↑ Daly JW, Hong O, Padgett WL, Shamim MT, Jacobson KA, Ukena D (February 1988). "Non-xanthine heterocycles: activity as antagonists of A1- and A2-adenosine receptors". Biochemical Pharmacology. 37 (4): 655–64. PMC 3445624 Freely accessible. PMID 2829919. doi:10.1016/0006-2952(88)90139-6.
  6. ↑ Wachtel H (1982). "Characteristic behavioural alterations in rats induced by rolipram and other selective adenosine cyclic 3', 5'-monophosphate phosphodiesterase inhibitors". Psychopharmacology. 77 (4): 309–16. PMID 6182575. doi:10.1007/BF00432761.
  7. ↑ O'Brien, Robert (1986). Receptor binding in drug research. New York: Dekker. p. 519. ISBN 0-8247-7548-1.
  8. ↑ US Patent 3966746 Amino derivatives of pyrazolopyridine carboxamides
  9. ↑ http://www.orgsyn.org/demo.aspx?prep=cv6p0010
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