Camille Huysmans

Camille Huysmans
34th Prime Minister of Belgium
In office 3 August 1946 – 20 March 1947
Monarch	Charles (Regent)
Preceded by	Achille Van Acker
Succeeded by	Paul-Henri Spaak
President of the Chamber of Representatives
In office 27 April 1954 – 11 November 1958
Preceded by	Frans Van Cauwelaert
Succeeded by	Paul Kronacker
In office 23 June 1936 – 21 April 1939
Preceded by	Jules Poncelet
Succeeded by	Frans Van Cauwelaert
Personal details
Born	(1871-05-26)26 May 1871 Bilzen, Belgium
Died	25 February 1968(1968-02-25) (aged 96) Antwerp, Belgium
Political party	Socialist Party
Alma mater	University of Liège

Jean Joseph Camille Huysmans (born as Camiel Hansen 26 May 1871 – 25 February 1968^[1]) was a Belgian politician.

Huymans studied German philology at the University of Liège. He was a teacher from 1893 until 1897. In between these years he studied for his doctorate in German philology.

Huysmans joined the Belgische Werkliedenpartij (BWP), the predecessor of the Belgische Socialistische Partij (BSP) at a young age. He became a journalist for many socialist periodicals until 1904 and was thereafter active in the labour unions.

Between 1905 and 1922 Huysmans was secretary of the Second International. In that function he had many contacts with Sun Yat-sen, the leader of the first Chinese revolution, in 1911. His main task was creating an active peace function. At the Socialist Conference in Stockholm in 1917 he pleaded against continuing the war.

He was a fighter for the Flemish movement and fought for using Dutch at the University of Ghent. As Minister of Arts and Education he could pave the way for the Dutch language. In 1911 he proposed a bill, drafted by Lodewijk De Raet, together with the Roman Catholic Frans Van Cauwelaert and the liberal Louis Franck for the usage of Dutch at the University of Ghent. However, due to World War I, the University of Ghent would become a Flemish university only in 1930.

In World War II he fled to London. He regained the function as secretary between 1939 and 1944, also as acting chairman. After World War II (at age 75) he became the 34th Prime Minister and led a government of socialists, liberals and communists. With an insufficient majority, this government lasted not long. In the next government, he was Minister of Education.

In domestic affairs, a raft of progressive reforms were carried out during Huysmans's time as 34th Prime Minister. A Ministerial Order of October 1946 laid down special provisions for safeguarding workers in wire rope factories,^[2] while an Order was passed in December 1946 for factories manufacturing sugar and molasses alcohol which contained health and safety provisions.^[3] In January 1947, legislation was passed providing for a uniform allowance for the children of disabled workers,^[4] and legislative Orders were issued in January and February 1947 providing for the establishment of a National Office for the Co-ordination of Family Allowances.^[5] In addition, a legislative Order of the 28th of February 1947 supplemented and amended the provisions of an August 1930 law by extending the scope of family allowances for wage-earners,^[6] while another Order issued that same month authorised the National Association for Cheap Housing to raise a loan of one thousand million Belgian francs to contribute towards the costs of a housebuilding programme for miners.^[7]

He remained very popular until old age. The national tribute for his 80th birthday attracted 100,000 visitors. At the age of 83 he became chairman of the Chamber of Representatives (lower house). He was a freemason, and a member of the lodge Les Amis Philanthropes of the Grand Orient of Belgium in Brussels.

Huysmans is considered a friend of the Jewish people, mainly due to his friendly attitude towards Jewish immigrants in Antwerp in the years 1920–1940 and the Zionist movement. Some streets and neighbourhoods in Israel bear his name.

Functions

• councillor in Brussels (1908–1921)
• education Schepen of Antwerp (1921–1933)
• mayor of Antwerp (1933–1940 and 1944–1946)
• councillor in Antwerp (1946–1968)
• member of the lower house (1910–1965)
• chairman of the lower house (1936–1939 and 1954–1958)
• Minister of Arts and Education (1925–1927)
• Prime Minister (1946–1947)
• Minister of Education (1947–1949)

Honours

•  Belgium: Minister of State, by Royal Decree.^[8]
•  Belgium: member of the Royal Academie.^[8]
•  Belgium: Grand Cordon in the Order of Leopold.^[8]
•  Belgium: knight Grand Cross in the Order of the Crown.^[8]
• Knight grand Cross in the Order of the Polar Star.^[8]
• Commander of the Legion of Honour.^[8]
• Order of the British Empire.^[8]

Correspondence with Lenin

In his first term as secretary of the Second International he corresponded with Lenin between 1905 and 1914. The letters were published in 1963.

References

External links

• Works by or about Camille Huysmans at Internet Archive

Prime Ministers of Belgium
de Gerlache Lebeau de Muelenaere Goblet d'Alviella de Theux de Meylandt Lebeau Nothomb Van de Weyer de Theux de Meylandt Rogier de Brouckère de Decker Rogier Frère-Orban d'Anethan Malou Frère-Orban Malou Beernaert de Burlet de Smet de Naeyer Vandenpeereboom de Smet de Naeyer de Trooz Schollaert de Broqueville Cooreman Delacroix Carton de Wiart Theunis Van de Vyvere Poullet Jaspar Renkin de Broqueville Theunis van Zeeland Janson Spaak Pierlot Van Acker Spaak Van Acker Huysmans Spaak G. Eyskens Duvieusart Pholien Van Houtte Van Acker G. Eyskens Lefèvre Harmel Vanden Boeynants G. Eyskens Leburton Tindemans Vanden Boeynants Martens M. Eyskens Martens Dehaene Verhofstadt Leterme Van Rompuy Leterme Di Rupo Michel