Jeep CJ

Jeep CJ

Jeep CJ-5
Overview
Manufacturer
Production 1944-1986
Assembly
Body and chassis
Class Compact sport utility vehicle
Body style
Layout Front engine, rear-wheel drive / four-wheel drive
Chronology
Predecessor Jeep Commando (For pickup version)
Successor

The Willys Jeep (later Kaiser Jeep or AMC Jeep) is the civilian version of the Willys military Jeep of World War II.[1]

The first Willys CJ prototype (the CJ-2) was introduced in 1944, and the same basic vehicle remained in production through seven variants and three corporate parents through 1986 when production of the Jeep model was officially ended.[2]

The Jeep CJ-7 and Jeep CJ-8 were replaced in 1986 by the similar-looking Jeep Wrangler.

The similar model DJ,[3] was a 2-wheel drive only version made by AMC's AM General Division for the United States Postal Service which features a steel hard top and right hand drive.

CJ-1

Willys-Overland CJ-1
Overview
Production 1944
Body and chassis
Related Willys MB

By 1944, the Allies were confident the war would be won. This allowed Willys to consider designing a Jeep for the post-war civilian market. Documentation is scarce, but it seems that a Willys-Overland CJ-1 (for "Civilian Jeep-1") was running by May of that year. The CJ-1 was apparently an MB that had been modified by adding a tailgate, drawbar, and a civilian-style canvas top. None of the CJ-1s built have survived, and it is not known (at this writing) how many were built.[4]

CJ-2

Willys-Overland CJ-2
Overview
Production
  • 1944-1945
  • 45 produced
Body and chassis
Related Willys MB
Powertrain
Engine 134 cu in (2.2 L) L134 I4
Transmission 3-speed Borg-Warner T-90 manual
Dimensions
Wheelbase 80 in (2,032 mm)[5]

Although it bore the CJ name, the Willys-Overland CJ-2 was not really available at retail. The CJ-2s, also known as "AgriJeeps," were the second generation prototype for the first production civilian Jeep, and were used solely for testing purposes. It was directly based on the military Willys MB, using the same Willys Go Devil engine, but stripped of all military features, particularly the blackout lighting. They had tailgates, power take-offs (PTO's), engine governors ($28.65),[5] column-shift T90 manual transmissions, 5.38 gears, 2.43:1 low-range transfer cases, and driver's-side tool indentations. The earlier models had brass plaques on the hood and windshield that read "JEEP". Later models were stamped "JEEP" a la the familiar "WILLYS" stamping that appeared on the CJ-2A and later models. Some CJ-2s had "AgriJeep" plaques affixed to the dash. The spare tire was mounted forward of the passenger-side rear wheel on the earlier models and aft of the rear wheel on later ones. It seems that CJ-2s were distributed to "agricultural stations" for evaluation purposes. Of the 45 CJ-2s built, serial numbers CJ2-06, CJ2-09, CJ2-11, CJ2-12, CJ2-14, CJ2-26, CJ2-32, CJ2-37 and CJ2-39 have survived. Only CJ2-09 has been restored.[4]

CJ-2A

Willys-Overland CJ-2A
Overview
Production
  • 1945-1949
  • 214,760 produced
Powertrain
Engine 134 cu in (2.2 L) Willys Go Devil L134 I4[6]
Transmission 3-speed Borg-Warner T-90 manual[6]
Dimensions
Wheelbase 80 in (2,032 mm)[7]
Length 123.5 in (3,137 mm)
1946 Jeep CJ

The lessons learned with the CJ-2 led to the development of the first full-production CJ, the 1945-1949 Willys-Overland CJ-2A. The CJ-2A looked very much like a civilianized MB with a tailgate and side-mounted spare tire. One major difference between the MB and the CJ-2A was the grilles of the two vehicles. The MB had recessed headlights and nine-slot grilles while the CJ2A had larger headlights flush-mounted in a seven-slot grille. In place of the MB's T-84 transmission, the CJ-2A was equipped with the beefier T-90 three-speed transmission. The CJ-2A was still powered by the reliable L-134 Go-Devil engine. Many of the early CJ-2As were produced using surplus military Jeep parts such as engine blocks and, in a few cases, modified frames. Some of the use of surplus parts was due to strikes at suppliers such as Autolite. Since Willys produced few parts in-house and relied heavily on suppliers, it was vulnerable to strikes. Unfortunately for Willys, strikes were common postwar. This undoubtedly contributed to low production totals in 1945 and early 1946.

Since the CJ-2A was primarily intended for farming, ranching, and industrial applications, a wide variety of extras were available such as: rear seat, center rear-view mirror(Stock CJ-2As came with only a driver side mirror), front passenger seat (Stock CJ-2As only came with a driver seat), canvas top, front PTO, rear PTO, belt pulley drive, capstan winch, governor, rear hydraulic lift, snow plow, welder, generator,[6] mower, disc, front bumper weight, heavy-duty springs, dual vacuum windshield wipers (stock CJ-2As were equipped with a manual wiper on the passenger side and a vacuum wiper on the driver side), dual taillights (Stock CJ-2As had a taillight on the driver side and a reflector on the passenger side), hot-climate radiator, driveshaft guards, heater, side steps, and radiator brush guard.

CJ-2As were produced with unique, lively color combinations that in some ways symbolized the hope and promise of postwar America. From 1945 to mid-1946, CJ-2As were only available in two color combinations: Pasture Green with Autumn Yellow wheels and Harvest Tan with Sunset Red wheels. Additional color combinations added in mid-1946 were: Princeton Black with Harvard Red or Sunset Red wheels, Michigan Yellow with Pasture Green, Sunset Red or Americar Black wheels, Normandy Blue with Autumn Yellow or Sunset Red wheels, and Harvard Red with Autumn Yellow or Americar Black wheels. The Pasture Green and Harvest Tan combinations were dropped later in 1946. The Harvard Red combinations were dropped in 1947 and replaced with Picket Gray with Harvard Red wheels, and Luzon Red with Universal Beige wheels. In 1948, the following color combinations were also added: Emerald Green with Universal Beige wheels, Potomac Gray with Harvard Red or American Black wheels. For 1949, the Picket Gray, Michigan Yellow, and Normandy Blue combinations were dropped. Olive drab was also available for export models.

On early CJ-2As, the front seats were covered in olive drab vinyl. Around mid-1947, Slate Gray vinyl became available for certain color combinations. Later, Barcelona Red was added to the mix.

A total of 214,760 CJ-2As were produced.

CJ-3A

Willys-Overland CJ-3A
Overview
Production 1949-1953
131,843 produced
Body and chassis
Related Willys M38
Powertrain
Engine 134 cu in (2.2 L) Go Devil I4[6]
Transmission 3-speed Borg-Warner T-90 manual
Dimensions
Wheelbase 80 in (2,032 mm) [6]

The Willys-Overland CJ-3A was introduced in 1949 and was in production until 1953 when replaced by the CJ-3B. It was powered by Willys' 60 hp (45 kW; 61 PS) L-134 "Go-Devil" 4-cylinder engine, with a T-90 transmission and Dana 18 transfer case, a Dana 25 front axle and Dana 41 or 44 rear axle. It featured a one-piece windshield with a vent as well as wipers at the bottom. The CJ-3A had beefed up suspension (10 leaf) to accommodate the various agricultural implements that were being built for the vehicle.[8] Another difference was a shorter rear wheelwell (the wheelwell from the top front edge to the rear of the body is 32 in (810 mm) on the 3A compared to 34 in (860 mm) on the 2A) and moving the drivers seat rearward.[9] A bare-bones Farm Jeep version was available starting in 1951 with a power takeoff. 131,843 CJ-3As were produced before the series ended in 1953. About 550 of the CJ3-A were assembled by Mitsubishi as the J1/J2 in late 1952 and early 1953, exclusively for the Japanese police and forestry agency.[10]

CJ-4

Willys-Overland CJ-4
Overview
Production
  • 1951
  • One produced
Powertrain
Engine 134 cu in (2.2 L) Hurricane I4
Dimensions
Wheelbase 81 in (2,057 mm)

Only one Willys-Overland CJ-4[11] was ever built as an experimental concept in 1951. It used the new Willys Hurricane engine and had an 81 in (2,057 mm) wheelbase. The CJ-4 body tub was an intermediate design between the straightforward raised hood from the CJ-3B and the all new curved body style of the CJ-5. The design was rejected and the vehicle was eventually sold to a factory employee.

CJ-3B

Willys CJ-3B
Overview
Production 1953-1968
Body and chassis
Related Willys M606
Powertrain
Engine 134 cu in (2.2 L) Hurricane I4
Dimensions
Wheelbase 80 in (2,032 mm)[12]
Length 129.875 in (3,299 mm)[6]

The Willys CJ-3B replaced the CJ-3A in 1953, the same year Willys was sold to Kaiser. Kaiser removed "Overland" from the subcompany name. CJ-3B introduced a higher grille and hood to clear the new Willys Hurricane engine. A four-speed manual transmission became optional in 1963, at an extra cost of $194.[6] The turning radius was 17 ft 6 in (5.3 m).[13] The CJ-3B was produced until 1968 with a total of about 196,000 [14] produced.

International licenses and derivatives

The CJ3B design was also licensed to a number of international manufacturers who produced a civilian as well as military variants long after 1968, including Mitsubishi of Japan and Mahindra of India. Mitsubishi's version was built from 1953 until 1998, while Mahindra continued to produce vehicles based on the Willys CJ-3B until October 1, 2010. The CJ-3B was also built by Türk Willys Overland. It was the first vehicle plant to be opened in Turkey, in 1954.[15] Mahindra's "Mahindra CJ" produced in 2 versions: 4-seater CJ 340 and 6-seater CJ 540. Both equipped with Peugeot-sourced 64 hp (48 kW; 65 PS) engines.[16]

The M606 was a militarized version of the Jeep CJ-3B.

A 1963 Türk Willys Overland CJ-3B on display at the Rahmi M. Koç Museum of Transportation, Istanbul

Mitsubishi Jeep

Mitsubishi Jeep J-series
Overview
Manufacturer Mitsubishi Motors
Production 1953-1998
Assembly Pajero Manufacturing Co., Ltd, Sakahogi, Gifu, Japan
Body and chassis
Body style 2-door SUV
2-door convertible
4-door station wagon
Layout Front engine, four-wheel drive
Powertrain
Engine
Dimensions
Length 3,390–4,330 mm (133–170 in)
Chronology
Successor Mitsubishi Pajero

The Jeep was introduced to the Japanese market as the Jeep J3 in July 1953 after Willys agreed to allow Mitsubishi to market the car themselves, competing with the Nissan Patrol and the Toyota Land Cruiser. The name was not in reference to "CJ3", but rather denoted the fact that 53 "J1"s (CJ-3A with 6-volt electrics) were built for the Japanese regional forest office and approximately 500 "J2"s (CJ-3A with 12-volt electrics) were built for the National Safety Forces.[10] Mitsubishi was to continue knock-down production of vehicles derived from the CJ-3B design until August 1998, when tighter emissions and safety standards finally made the Jeep obsolete. In total, approximately 200,000 units were built in this 45-year period.[17] Short, medium, and long wheelbases were available, as well as a variety of bodystyles and gasoline as well as diesel engines.[18] In Japan, it was sold at a specific retail chain called Galant Shop.

Mitsubishi Jeep Delivery Wagon J37

The original J3 was a basic, doorless and roofless version, still with left hand drive even though the Japanese drive on the left. The first right-hand drive versions didn't appear until nearly eight years later (J3R/J11R). The original J3 and its derivatives were equipped with the 2.2 L (2,199 cc) F-head "Hurricane" (called JH4 by Mitsubishi, for Japanese Hurricane 4-cylinder) inline four-cylinder, originally producing 70 PS (51 kW; 69 hp) at 4,000 rpm.[19] In 1955 a slightly longer wheelbase J10 which could seat six was added, and in 1956 the J11 appeared, a two-door "delivery wagon" with a full metal body. This was considerably longer, at 433 cm (170 in) versus 339 cm (133 in) for the J3.

Local production of the JH4 engine commenced in 1955. A locally developed diesel version (KE31) was introduced for the JC3 in 1958, originally with 56 PS (41 kW) at 3,500 rpm but with 61 PS (45 kW; 60 hp) at 3,600 rpm a couple of years later.[19] Later versions used 4DR5 and 4DR6 (J23 turbo) 2.7 liter overhead valve diesel engines. By 1962, the output of the gasoline JH4 engine had crept up to 76 PS (56 kW; 75 hp). By the time of the introduction of the longer J20 in 1960, a six-seater like the J10 but with a differently configurated (more permanent) front windshield as well as available metal doors, Mitsubishi had also added small diagonal skirts to the leading edge of the Jeep's front fenders. This style was to remain the last change to the sheetmetal up front until the end of Mitsubishi Jeep production in 1998.

Later models include two-litre, short wheelbase soft-top J58 (J54 with a diesel engine), and the J38 gasoline wagon on the longest wheelbase.[20] The last iteration of the Japanese Jeeps was the J53 with diesel turbo engine.

CJ-5

Willys CJ-5/Jeep CJ-5
Overview
Also called Ford Jeep (Brazil)[21]
Jeep Shahbaz (Pars Khodro)[22]
Shinjin Jeep (South Korea)[23]
Production 1954-1983
Body and chassis
Related
Powertrain
Engine
  • 134 cu in (2.2 L) Willys Hurricane I4
  • 225 cu in (3.7 L) Dauntless V6
  • 151 cu in (2.5 L) Iron Duke I4
  • 232 cu in (3.8 L) AMC I6
  • 258 cu in (4.2 L) AMC I6
  • 304 cu in (5.0 L) AMC V8
  • 192 cu in (3.1 L) Perkins 4.192 I4 diesel
Transmission
Dimensions
Wheelbase
  • 81 in (2,057 mm) (1954-1971)[6]
  • 83.5 in (2,121 mm)[24] (1972-1983)
Length 138.2 in (3,510 mm)
Width 68.5 in (1,740 mm)
Height 67.7 in (1,720 mm)
Curb weight 2,665 lb (1,209 kg)[25]

The Willys CJ-5 (after 1964 Jeep CJ-5) was influenced by new corporate owner, Kaiser, and the Korean War M38A1 Jeep. It was intended to replace the CJ-3B, but that model continued in production. The CJ-5 repeated this pattern, continuing in production for three decades while three newer models appeared. "The CJ-5 has the distinct honor of being a vehicle that was hard to kill off... equaling the longest production run of note."[26] A total of 603,303 CJ-5s were produced between 1954 and 1983.

From 1961 to 1965, optional for the CJ-5 and CJ-6 was the British-made Perkins 192 cu in (3.15 L) Diesel I4 with 62 hp (46 kW) at 3,000 rpm and 143 lb/ft (213 kg/m) at 1350 rpm.[27]

In 1965, Kaiser bought the casting rights to the Buick 225 cu in (3.7 L) V6 Dauntless and the CJ-5 and CJ-6 got a new engine with 155 hp (116 kW) supplementing the four-cylinder Willys Hurricane engine. Power steering was a $81 option.[6]

Willys M38A1

Side-marker lights were added in 1969.[6]

Kaiser Jeep was sold to American Motors Corporation (AMC) in 1970, and the Buick engine was retired after the 1971 model year. (GM's Buick division repurchased the engine tooling in the early 1970s which served as the powerplant in several GM vehicles.) The "Trac-Lok" limited-slip differential replaced the "Powr-Lok" in 1971.

American Motors began using their own engines in 1972. Replacing the Hurricane was the one-barrel 232 cu in (3.8 L) (except in California). Optional was a one-barrel 258 cu in (4.2 L) (standard in California). Both engines used the Carter YF carburetor. Also in 1972, AMC's 304 cu in (5.0 L) V8 engine became available which upgraded the power to weight ratio making the vehicle somewhat of an V8 muscle car. To accommodate the new engines, the fenders and hood were stretched 5 in (127 mm) starting in 1972 and the wheelbase was stretched 3 in (76 mm). Other drive train changes took place then as well, including the front axle becoming a full-floating Dana 30. In 1973, a new dash was used, with a single gauge in the center of the dash housing the speedometer, fuel and temperature gauges.[6]

In 1976, the tub and frame were modified slightly from earlier versions. The frame went from an open channel to boxed in front of the rear axle, and the body tub became more rounded. The windshield frame and windshield angle were also changed, meaning that tops from 1955 to 1975 will not fit a 1976-1983 CJ-5 and vice versa. The rear axle was also changed in 1976 from a Dana 44 to an AMC-manufactured model 20 that had a larger-diameter ring gear, but used a two-piece axleshaft/hub assembly instead of the one-piece design used in the Dana. However, some early-production 1976 CJ-5's retained the older Dana model 44 until their inventory was depleted.

For 1977, power disc brakes and the "Golden Eagle" package (which included a tachometer) were new options.[6]

In 1979, the standard engine became the 258 cu in (4.2 L) I6 that now featured a Carter BBD two-barrel carburetor.

An AM/FM radio became optional equipment in 1981.[6]

From 1980 to 1983, the CJ-5 came standard with a "Hurricane"-branded version of the GM Iron Duke I4 with an SR4 close-ratio four-speed manual transmission. The 258 cu in (4.2 L) AMC straight-6 engine remained available as an option, but the transmission was changed from the Tremec T-150 3-speed to a Tremec T-176 close-ratio four-speed. The Dana 30 front axle was retained, but the locking hubs were changed to ones using a five-bolt retaining pattern.

"60 Minutes" Controversy

The demise of the AMC CJ5 Model has been attributed to a December 1980 "60 Minutes" segment where the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) staged a demonstration to illustrate that the CJ5 was apt to roll over "in routine road circumstances at relatively low speeds." Years later it was revealed the testers only managed to achieve 8 rollovers out of 435 runs through a corner. The Insurance Institute requested the testers implement "vehicle loading" (hanging weights in the vehicle's corners inside the body, where they were not apparent to the camera) in order to generate worst-case conditions for stability. [28]

Special CJ-5 models

The early Tuxedo Park models were trim lines designed to make the CJ "more comfortable and appealing to the general public."[29] However, the Tuxedo Park Mark IV was claimed as a separate model than the other CJ series (marked in 1965 as the "Universal"), with more differences than past models. The Tuxedo Park Mark IV was an attempt to crack the mass market; it was, according to Jeep, “a new idea in sports cars ... the sportiest, most FUNctional car on the automotive scene."[30] It added to the standard CJ chrome plated bumpers, hood latches, gas cap, mirror, and tail lamp trim. Two wheelbases, 81 in (2,100 mm) and 101 in (2,600 mm), were available, with a variety of convertible top and seat colors, and front bucket seats upholstered in "pleated British calf grain vinyl". Sales of this model, introduced in 1965, were low.[30]
The 1969 Universal offered a "462" package. It was a limited production model that featured the V6 engine, front bucket seats and a rear bench, roll bar, heavy-duty frame and springs, a locking differential, oil pan skid plate, rear swing-out tire carrier, full wheel covers, ammeter and oil pressure gauges, padded visors were optional.[37]
The 1970 "Renegade I" models continued the features of the "462" package, along with special hood trim stripes and limited colors. Renegade I production for 1970 is estimated between 250 to 500 units equipped with all of the previous performance upgrades along with a simple black stripe on the sides of the hood, new 8-inch wide white road wheels with G70x15 tires, and offered in only two bright colors: Wild Plum and Mint Green.[38]
The 1971 "Renegade II" continued the previous year's features with bright alloy road wheels (replacing the painted steel units), the addition of a black center hood stripe, and new color selections: approximately 200 were painted Baja Yellow, 200 Mint Green, 50 Riverside Orange, and 150 finished in Big Bad Orange, the same paint as available on the "Big Bad" AMC AMX and Javelin.[39] Although AMC design studios proposed a striping scheme for a Renegade III model for the 1972 model year, but because of their popularity the Renegade became a regular production appearance package option.[40] It was available with AMC's 304 cu in (5.0 L) V8 engine, alloy wheels, and a Trac-Lok limited-slip differential.
1979 Jeep CJ Silver Anniversary edition
The 1979 Silver Anniversary edition was a limited edition version (1000 units) of the Renegade model marketed to celebrate 25 years of the CJ-5. Features included a special "Quick Silver" metallic paint, black to silver accent body striping and special Renegade decals on the hood sides, black soft top, special spare tire cover, black vinyl bucket seats, as well as a dashboard plaque noting the CJ's production from 1954 to 1979.[42][41]

Australia

In Australia, a unique variant of the CJ5/CJ6 was produced in limited numbers. In 1965, when the CJ was given the all-new Buick V6, Jeep saw the need for something similar in Australia. As such, they began to fit Falcon 6-cylinder engines to them at their Rocklea factory in Queensland. The jeep was fitted with an engine, pedal box and clutch/brake system corresponding to the equivalent Falcon at the time; i.e. a 1965 CJ5 would be fitted with 1965 Falcon engine/clutch components. When the Falcon received a hydraulic clutch system, so too did the Jeep. Combat 6 jeeps were also fitted with Australian Borg Warner differentials, and Borg Warner brand gearboxes. There is very little documentation about these Jeeps, and often the only way to conclusively identify them is by owner history.[43]

Brazil

Ford-built Jeep CJ5

While most foreign assemblers focused on the CJ3B, Brazil received the CJ5 instead. After having closed their market to imported cars in 1954, assembly of the "Willys Jeep Universal" (as it was known in Brazil) from CKD kits began in 1957.[21] By 1958 production relied on locally sourced components, with the vehicles equipped with a 90 hp (67 kW) 2.6 liter I6 engine (also used by Willys do Brasil for passenger cars). The Universals came with a three-speed manual transmission. The Brazilian built vehicles are easily recognized by their squared-off rear wheel openings. In 1961, a long wheelbase version, similar to the CJ6 was added to the line.

On 9 October 1967, Ford do Brasil bought the Brazilian Willys subsidiary and took over the production of the CJ5, the Willys Jeep Station Wagon-based "Rural" and its pick-up truck version. Ford kept the line with no modifications except for some Ford badges on the sides and on the tailgate.[21] In 1976, Ford equipped the cj5 and the rural with the locally built version of the 2.3 liter OHC four-cylinder engine used in the Ford Pinto (also used in the Brazilian Maverick) and a four-speed manual transmission. This engine produced 91 PS (67 kW; 90 hp) (SAE) at 5000 rpm.[44] In 1980, the engine was modified to run on alcohol (E100), this option lasted until 1983, when Ford ended the production of the CJ5 in Brazil.[21]

CJ-6

Willys CJ-6/Jeep CJ-6
Overview
Production 1955-1975
Body and chassis
Related Wilys M170
Powertrain
Engine
  • 134 cu in (2.2 L) Willys Hurricane I4
  • 225 cu in (3.7 L) Dauntless V6
  • 151 cu in (2.5 L) Iron Duke I4
  • 232 cu in (3.8 L) AMC I6
  • 258 cu in (4.2 L) AMC I6
  • 304 cu in (5.0 L) AMC V8
  • 192 cu in (3.1 L) Perkins 4.192 I4 diesel
Dimensions
Wheelbase
  • 101 in (2,565 mm) (1955-1971)
  • 104 in (2,642 mm) (1972-1981)

The CJ-6 was simply a 20 in (508 mm) longer-wheelbase (101 in, 1955-1971 - 104 in, 1972–1981) CJ-5. Introduced in 1955 as a 1956 model, the CJ-6 was never very popular in the United States. Most CJ6 models were sold to Sweden and South America. It was also assembled in South Africa, by Volkswagen's local subsidiary.[45] The U.S. Forest Service put a number of CJ-6 Jeeps into use. American sales ended in 1975. Just 50,172 had been made when the series went out of production completely in 1981. Just as in the CJ-5, the V6 and V8 engine choices appeared in 1965 and 1972.

The military version, the M170, actually entered production in 1953. It shared many of the features of the M38A1 (Military CJ-5), but had the passenger door opening extended back to the rear wheel well. Most were used as front-line field ambulances, able to carry four litters. A few were also used as radio units.

The Brazilian Willys factory developed a version of the CJ5 very similar to the CJ6, offered with either two or four doors. Called the "Willys Jeep 101" it shared the chassis of the local Rural, a redesigned Willys Jeep Station Wagon. Like the Brazilian-made CJ5s, the 101 has square rear wheel openings.[21] This version was introduced in 1961 but was not retained after Ford's takeover in the fall of 1967.

CJ-5A and CJ-6A

CJ-5A & CJ-6A
Overview
Production 1964-1968

From 1964 to 1968, Kaiser elevated the Tuxedo Park from just a trim package to a separate model for the CJ-5A and CJ-6A. A Tuxedo Park Mark IV is signified by a different prefix from a normal CJ-5 with a VIN prefix of 8322 and a CJ6a is 8422, while a normal CJ-5 VIN prefix is 8305 from 1964 to 1971.

CJ-7

Jeep CJ-7
Overview
Also called SsangYong Korando
Production 1976-1986
Powertrain
Engine
Transmission
Dimensions
Wheelbase 93.3 in (2,370 mm)
Length 148 in (3,759 mm)
Width 68.5 in (1,740 mm)
Height 67.7 in (1,720 mm)
Curb weight 2,707 lb (1,228 kg)[46]

The Jeep CJ-7 featured a wheelbase 10 inches longer than that of the CJ-5 and lacked its trademark rear curve of the door cutouts. The other main difference between CJ-5 and CJ-7 was to the chassis which consisted of two parallel longitudinal main c-section rails. To help improve vehicle handling and stability, the rear section of the chassis stepped out to allow the springs and shock absorbers to be mounted closer to the outside of the body. It was introduced in for the 1976 model year, with 379,299 built during 11 years of production.

The CJ-7 featured an optional new automatic all-wheel drive system called Quadra-Trac, as well as a part-time two-speed transfer case; an automatic transmission was also an option. Other features included an optional molded hardtop, and steel doors. The CJ-7 was also available in Renegade and Laredo models. Distinguished by their different body decals, the Laredo model featured highback leather bucket seats, a tilting steering wheel and a chrome package that included the bumpers, front grill cover, and side mirrors. An optional Trak-Lok rear differential was available too. Axle ratio was typically 3.54, but later went up to 3.73.

The reports of the CJ-7 were different in each type of engine: the 145 cu in (2.4 L) diesel was mated to the 4.10 ratio axle (in both Renegade and Laredo), while the 258 cubic-inch straight six and 150 cubic-inch four-cylinder used 3.73 and AMC V8 304-powered models (produced 1976-1981, which became part of the Golden Eagle version) used the 3.55 ratio axles.

From 1976 to 1980, the CJ-7 came equipped with a Dana 20 transfer case, Dana 30 front axle (27- or 31-spline), and a 29-spline AMC 20 rear axle, while later years, Laredo package added tachometer, chrome bumpers, tow hooks and interior upgrades including leather seats, and clock. In 1980, the Laredo was first fitted with an AMC 20 rear axle until mid-1986, when it was equipped with a Dana 44 and all 1980 and newer CJ-7s came with the Dana 300 transfer case.

During its 11 years, the CJ-7 had various common equipment packages:

Jeep also produced two special edition CJ-7 packages:

1982 Jeep CJ-7 Jamboree Commemorative Edition (Topaz Gold Metallic)

A diesel-powered version was made in the Ohio factory for export only. The engines were provided by General Motors, the owners of Isuzu Motor Cars. Production of this diesel version was between 1980 and 1982. This model had the Isuzu C240 engine, T176 transmission, Dana 300 transfer case although there are reports of some being produced with the Dana 20. Typically, they had 4.1 ratio, narrow track axles.

The Canadian Army took delivery of 195 militarized versions of the CJ-7 in 1985. These were put into service as a stop gap measure between the retirement of the M38A1 and the introduction of the Bombardier Iltis. They were codified by the Canadian Forces with the Equipment Configuration Code (ECC) Number 121526.

The CJ-7 continues to be used in the sport of mud racing, with either the stock body or a fiberglass replica. CJ-7 has been successfully and widely used as a favorite for rock crawling, through simple and complex modification. These last Jeeps produced were also highlighted with a factory dash plaque that read, "Last of a Great Breed - This collectors edition CJ ends an era that began with the legendary Jeep of World War II".

Engines

Transmissions

Transfer Cases

Axles

CJ-8 (Scrambler)

Jeep CJ-8 (Scrambler)

The Jeep CJ-8 was a long wheel-base version of the CJ-7, introduced in 1981 and manufactured through 1986. It featured a 103 in (2,616 mm) wheelbase and a removable half-cab, creating a small pick-up style box instead of utilizing a separate pickup bed. CJ-8s used the traditional transfer case with manual front-locking hubs to engage the four-wheel drive. Most had either a four or five speed manual transmission, but a three speed automatic transmission was an option.

The term "Scrambler" comes from an appearance package that many CJ-8's were equipped with, which included tape graphics and special wheels. Former President Ronald Reagan owned a CJ-8 and used it on his California Ranch.[48]

A full length steel hardtop CJ-8 was made for the Alaskan Postal Service, using right hand drive and automatic transmissions. Instead of the rear tailgate, the steel hardtop utilized a hinged barn door opening to the back. There were only 230 produced and sold in the U.S. It was also widely sold in Venezuela and Australia as the CJ8 Overlander, with small differences including full length rear windows on the Overlander.[49] Steel hardtops used on these postal Scramblers and Overlanders were known as "World Cab" tops.[50]

Production

Year Production[51]
1981 8,355
1982 7,759
1983 5,405
1984 4,130
1985 2,015
1986 128

There is some debate as to whether 1986 models were left over units from the previous model year.

CJ-10

Jeep CJ-10
Overview
Also called Jeep One-Tonner[52]
Jeep J10[52]
Production 1981-1985
Assembly
Body and chassis
Body style 2-door pickup truck
Powertrain
Engine
Transmission
Dimensions
Wheelbase 119 in (3,000 mm)
Curb weight 4,300 lb (2,000 kg)[52]

The Jeep CJ-10 was a CJ-bodied pickup truck based on a heavily modified Jeep J10 pickup truck.[52] Produced from 1981 to 1985, it was sold and designed for export markets; Australia in particular.[52] They featured square headlights mounted in the fenders and a nine-slot grille, a homage to the Willys MB used in World War II; all other civilian Jeeps had a seven-slot grille. The CJ-10 could have either a hardtop or a softtop. The truck could be equipped to handle either a 5,900 lb (2,700 kg) or 6,700 lb (3,000 kg) GVW. Three engines were offered; an 198 cu in (3.2 L) six-cylinder Nissan built diesel engine, an 151 cu in (2.5 L) four cylinder AMC built engine or a 258 cu in (4.2 L) six cylinder AMC built engine. The driveline was largely from the larger J series pickups; consisting of either a four speed Tremec T177 manual transmission or a three speed TorqueFlite A727 automatic transmission, a New Process 208 transfer case, a semi-floating Dana 44 front differential, and either a semi-floating Dana 44 or Dana 60 rear differential, depending on GVW rating.[52] Importation of the CJ-10 into Australia ended in 1985 with the drop of the Australian dollar's value causing the vehicle to be significantly more costly than its competitors.[52]

CJ-10A

Jeep CJ-10A
Overview
Production 1984-1986
Body and chassis
Body style 2-door flightline aircraft tug
Powertrain
Engine 3.3 L (201.4 cu in) Nissan SD33 I6 diesel

The Jeep CJ-10A was a CJ-10-based flightline aircraft tug. Produced in Mexico from 1984 to 1986, they were used by the United States Air Force for use as an aircraft pulling vehicle. About 2,300 were produced.

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Allen, Jim (2004). Jeep Collector's Library. MBI Publishing. p. 49. ISBN 978-0-7603-1979-6. Retrieved 22 May 2014.
  2. ↑ AMC VP Joseph Cappy, 28 Nov 85
  3. ↑ Flory, Jr., J. "Kelly" (2004). American Cars, 1960-1972: Every Model, Year by Year. McFarland. pp. 412, 700. ISBN 978-0-7864-1273-0.
  4. 1 2 "The CJ2A Story". Thecj2apage.com. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  5. 1 2 Gunnell, John A. (1993). Standard Catalog of American Light-Duty Trucks. Krause Publications. ISBN 0-87341-238-9.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Gunnell, John A. (1993). Standard Catalog of American Light Duty Trucks, 1896-1986. Krause Publications. ISBN 978-0-87341-238-4.
  7. ↑ "1949 Jeep Universal Operation Data". Oldcarbrochures.com. Retrieved 2011-11-20.
  8. ↑ Cary, Reed (4 March 2001). "The CJ-3A Universal Jeep". Retrieved 27 April 2013.
  9. ↑ "The CJ-3A", retrieved on 2009-09-28.
  10. 1 2 Ozeki, Kazuo (2007). 日本のトラック・バス 1918~1972 [Japanese Trucks and Buses 1918-1972] (in Japanese). Tokyo: Miki Press. p. 131. ISBN 978-4-89522-494-9.
  11. ↑ Holland, Bob (2008-03-21). "Jeep's mystery CJ4". Blogs.edmunds.com. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  12. ↑ "Jeep: 1962 Jeep CJ-3B Brochure". Oldcarbrochures.com. Retrieved 2011-11-20.
  13. ↑ "1962 Jeep CJ-3B brochure". Oldcarbrochures.com. Retrieved 2012-05-31.
  14. ↑ Redmond, Derek (2004-11-11). "A Brief History of the CJ-3B". Film.queensu.ca. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  15. ↑ 1963 Türk Willys Overland: Universal Jeep CJ-3B (Museum placard), Hasköy, Istanbul, Turkey: Rahmi M. Koç Museum, In 1954 the first vehicle plant in Turkey, Türk Willys Overland Ltd., was founded by Mr. Ferruh Verdi.
  16. ↑ "Mahindra CJ history". betterparts.org. Retrieved 8 December 2015.
  17. ↑ "Facts & Figures 2008" (PDF). Tokyo, Japan: Mitsubishi Motors. October 2008. p. 40.
  18. ↑ Redmond, Derek (2010-05-01). "Jeeps in Japan". Film.queensu.ca. Retrieved 2011-05-05.
  19. 1 2 Ozeki, p. 140
  20. ↑ 自動車ガイドブック [Japanese Motor Vehicles Guide Book] (in Japanese). Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association. 25: 206–207. 1978-10-10. 0053-780025-3400. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  21. 1 2 3 4 5 Redmond, Derek. ""Jipes" in Brasil". The CJ3B Page. Archived from the original on 2010-07-16. Retrieved 2012-02-19.
  22. ↑ "Pars Khodro in history" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 March 2012. Retrieved 27 April 2013.
  23. ↑ 국내 최장수 자동차 브랜드 ‘코란도’의 7전8기, Dong-a Ilbo, 06-14-2014
  24. ↑ DeLong, Brad. 4-wheel Freedom. Paladin Press. ISBN 0-87364-891-9.
  25. ↑ "1979 Jeep CJ-5 car technical specifications from Carfolio.com - 0 door 4.2 litre (4235 cc) Inline 6 99.4 PS, 2X3 speed manual". Carfolio.com. Retrieved 2010-12-03.
  26. ↑ Tellem, Tori (June 2007). "History of the CJ-5 - Jeep Autopsy: CJ-5 One Of The "Unstoppables"". JP Magazine. Retrieved 27 April 2013.
  27. ↑ "Engine Specs - Jeep Engines". Baeta.org. Retrieved 2011-11-20.
  28. ↑ Olson, Walter. ""It Didn't Start With Dateline NBC" (National Review 6/21/93)". walterolson.com. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
  29. ↑ Allen, Jim (2004). Jeep Collector's Library. Motorbooks. p. 82. ISBN 9780760319796. Retrieved 9 December 2015.
  30. 1 2 "Jeep for 1965: CJ, Wagoneer, Gladiator, Universal, Fleetvan, and DJ". allpar.com. Retrieved 9 December 2015.
  31. ↑ "New 'Jeep' camper (brochure)". p. 5. Retrieved 27 April 2013.
  32. ↑ "New 'Jeep' camper (brochure)". p. 6. Retrieved 27 April 2013.
  33. ↑ "New 'Jeep' camper (brochure)". p. 7. Retrieved 27 April 2013.
  34. ↑ "New 'Jeep' camper (brochure)". p. 8. Retrieved 27 April 2013.
  35. ↑ "New Camp Riggs for '69". Retrieved 27 April 2013.
  36. ↑ "The Great 'Jeep' Escape (advertisement)". Retrieved 27 April 2013.
  37. ↑ Statham, Steve (1999). Jeep Color History. Motorbooks. p. 95. ISBN 9780760306369. Retrieved 9 December 2015.
  38. ↑ Foster, Patrick R. (2014). Jeep: The History of America's Greatest Vehicle. Motorbooks. p. 95. ISBN 9780760345856. Retrieved 9 December 2015.
  39. ↑ Foster, Patrick (2004). The Story of Jeep. Krause Publications. p. 143. ISBN 9780873497350. Retrieved 9 December 2015.
  40. ↑ Foster, Jeep: The History of America's Greatest Vehicle, p, 102.
  41. 1 2 "The Silver Registry". www.79silver.com. Retrieved 28 July 2017.
  42. ↑ Foster, Patrick R. (2014). Jeep: The History of America's Greatest Vehicle. Motorbooks. p. 115. ISBN 9780760345856. Retrieved 9 December 2015.
  43. ↑ "Jeeps in Australia". The CJ3B Page. 21 February 2012. Archived from the original on 16 July 2010. Retrieved 24 August 2012.
  44. ↑ Lösch, Annamaria, ed. (1981). World Cars 1981. The Automobile Club of Italy/Herald Books. p. 259. ISBN 9780910714136.
  45. ↑ Howard, Tony, ed. (October 1976). "News Models". SA Motor. Cape Town, South Africa: Scott Publications: 71.
  46. 1 2 "1979 Jeep CJ-7 car technical specifications". Carfolio.com. Retrieved 21 April 2013.
  47. 1 2 "The Jambo Registry". www.82jambo.com. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
  48. ↑ "President Reagan". Ray's Jeeps. 2005. Retrieved 6 March 2016.
  49. ↑ Jeep Overlander CJ-8 Specifications and Dimensions. Jeep Australia press release, 1984.
  50. ↑ CJ10 technical manual
  51. ↑ "Jeep Production Dates, Models, & Numbers". Jeepfan.com. 2011. Retrieved 27 April 2013.
  52. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Allen, Jim (October 2012). "The Elusive Jeep CJ-10". Four Wheeler. Retrieved 5 April 2013.
Jeep road vehicle timeline, 1945–1970s — next »
Type 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s
56789 0123456789 0123456789 0123456789
Traditional CJ-2A CJ-3A CJ-5
CJ-3B CJ-7
CJ-6
Dispatcher DJ-3A DJ-5/6 AM General
Compact SUV Jeepster (VJ) Jeepster Commando Commando
SUV Willys Jeep Station Wagon Cherokee (SJ)
Wagoneer (SJ)
Compact pickup Jeepster Commando Commando
Full-size pickup Willys Jeep Truck
Gladiator J-Series
Truck Forward Control
Van FJ-3/3A FJ-6/6A
« previous — Jeep road vehicle timeline, 1980s–present
Type 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s
0123456789 0123456789 0123456789 01234567
Traditional CJ-5
CJ-7 Wrangler (YJ) Wrangler (TJ) Wrangler (JK)
Wrangler Unlimited (LJ) Wrangler Unlimited (JK)
Subcompact crossover Renegade (BU)
Compact crossover Compass (MK49) Compass (MP)
Patriot (MK74)
Mid-size crossover Cherokee (KL)
Compact SUV Cherokee/Wagoneer (XJ) Liberty/Cherokee (KJ) Liberty/Cherokee (KK)
Mid-size SUV Grand Cherokee/Grand Wagoneer (ZJ) Grand Cherokee (WJ) Grand Cherokee (WK) Grand Cherokee (WK2)
Commander (XK)
Full-size SUV Cherokee (SJ)
Wagoneer/Grand Wagoneer (SJ)
Compact pickup CJ-8 (Scrambler) Comanche (MJ)
CJ-10
Full-size pickup J-Series
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