C.D. Euzkadi

Euzkadi
Full name Club Deportivo Euzkadi
Nickname(s) Los Vascos
Founded 1938
Dissolved 1939
Ground None
Manager Baltazar Junco
League Primera Fuerza

Club Deportivo Euzkadi was an association football team that played in the Primera Fuerza league in Mexico during the 1938–39 season. It was formed when the Basque Country national football team, which had been touring the world, was refused permission by the world governing body of association football FIFA, to play any more FIFA affiliated teams due to political issues arising from the ongoing Spanish Civil War. As a result of this ruling the team decided to stay in Mexico and participate in the Mexican domestic league under the name Club Deportivo Euzkadi, a move which FIFA allowed.

Origin of team

In 1936 the Spanish Civil War broke out. On one side was the democratically elected Republican Government of Spain, and on the other fascist Spain led by Franco and supported by Nazi Germany and Mussolini's Italy. The Basque regional Government in the north of Spain sided with the Republican Government.

In 1937 in the midst of the civil war, José Antonio Aguirre, the first president of the Basque Country (then known as Euzkadi, and currently Euskadi), decided to send the Basque national football team abroad with the duel aim of raising money to take care of the many refugees fleeing the conflict, and also as a form of propaganda to let the world know there was a Basque Government trying to defend itself against the fascist rebels.[1]

This team left Bilbao by plane on 24 April 1937,[2] before transferring to a train in France and arriving at Austerlitz Station in Paris for their first match on the 26 April.[3][4][5] They toured Europe in the summer of 1937, visiting France, Czechoslovakia, Poland, the Soviet Union, Denmark and Norway, playing a mixture of national and league sides. They had great success, losing only 4 out of 20 matches, and winning 14.

However their homeland, the Basque Country, was captured by the fascist army. Following this the fascists set up a rival Spanish football federation that demanded the Basque team return to Spain,[2] but the players refused and, traveling aboard the steam ship Ile-de-France which set sail from Le Havre in August 1937, they traveled to Mexico to fulfill their contract to play a series of matches there.[6] At this point the team began to have problems with FIFA. As the team was travelling FIFA informed the Mexican Football Federation that it was not allow to let any of its teams play the Basques, giving no reason.[7] But the Mexican Federation ignored FIFA's instruction and on the 3 November 1937 the federation's president and several other important dignitaries were in Veracruz to greet the team when their ship docked.[8]

In its first visit to Mexico, the Basques competed against the Mexico national team 4 times, winning in 3 of the matches. Also, they played 5 matches against teams from the Primera Fuerza league, winning 3 and losing one, and one game against Jalisco State which they won.

Following this the team set off on the 10 January 1938 for a tour of South America,[9] beginning with 4 matches in Cuba. They then passed through the Panama Canal, traveling down to Valparaíso in Chile, and then crossing the Andes they travelled to Buenos Aires in Argentina.[10] There they were expecting to play a series of matches against the 5 biggest Argentine clubs. When the team arrived in Buenos Aires they were told that the matches would not be played due to FIFA's prohibition. The new fascist football federation in Spain had been recognised by FIFA at the beginning of 1938,[11] meaning that at this time Spain had 2 officially recognised football federations.[2] One of the first acts of this new federation was to ask FIFA to "excommunicate" the Basque team. FIFA responded by prohibiting the Argentine clubs from playing the Basque team, and ruling that no other team should play them.[2][12] However the Basque team, anticipating problems with FIFA, had become affiliated to the Mexican Football Federation a few months earlier, on the 8 December 1937, and so there was no legitimate reason to ban them.[13] The Argentine authorities refused to accept the team was affiliated in Mexico and continued to refuse the team permission to play.[14] The real reason for the team not being allowed to play was political in that the Argentine Government had labeled the team as "dangerous Soviet agents" and was keen to support Franco as it was clear by this time that he was winning the war.[15] Argentina was in fact one of the first countries to recognize Franco as the political leader of Spain.[16] In addition to this FIFA offered all the players money to return to Spain, which they all declined.[17] The cancellation of the tour spelled disaster for the Basque team, most importantly in financial terms, because they had spent all their money traveling to Argentina, believing that they would earn more there. To help them out, the Argentine teams against whom they had been due to play, held a series of "benefit" matches to raise funds for the Basque team.[2][18]

In May 1938 the team left Argentina traveling again via Chile where they played two matches to raise more money for the journey, and Cuba where they played 8 more.[19] On the 3 August 1938 the team arrived back in Mexico.[20] With FIFA still making it difficult for the Basques to arrange matches, and reluctant to split up, the team started to make arrangements with the organizers of the Mexican domestic league with the idea of participating in it. On 2 September 1938 FIFA apologized for their mistakes and declared the team free to play anyone.[21] However although the team now had offers to play in Peru, Costa Rica and the USA the team decided to continue with their plan to integrate into the Mexican league, which began on 27 November 1938.[15][22][23] The Basque Country national football team became a club side.[24] Club Deportivo Euzkadi was born.

Members of the squad

The team consisted of the following players:

Name Age [25] Previous club Height [26]
Goalkeeper
Gregorio Blasco 29 Athletic Bilbao 1.75 metres (5 ft 9 in)
Defenders
Serafín Aedo 30 Real Betis 1.70 metres (5 ft 7 in) [27]
Pablo Barcos 25 Barakaldo 1.74 metres (5 ft 9 in)
Midfielders
Tomas Agirre 26 Nîmes Olympique 1.69 metres (5 ft 7 in) [28]
Leonardo Cilaurren 26 Athletic Bilbao 1.75 metres (5 ft 9 in)
Félix de los Heros 28 FC Barcelona[29] 1.60 metres (5 ft 3 in) [30]
José Muguerza 27 Athletic Bilbao 1.76 metres (5 ft 9 in)
Enrique Larrinaga 28 Racing Santander 1.72 metres (5 ft 8 in)
Pedro Regueiro 28 Real Madrid 1.71 metres (5 ft 7 in)
Ángel Zubieta 20 Athletic Bilbao 1.80 metres (5 ft 11 in)
Forwards
Emilio Alonso 26 Real Madrid 1.74 metres (5 ft 9 in)
Isidro Lángara 26 Real Oviedo 1.76 metres (5 ft 9 in)
Luis Regueiro Captain 30 Real Madrid 1.72 metres (5 ft 8 in)
José Iraragorri 26 Athletic Bilbao 1.75 metres (5 ft 9 in)
José Urquiola 26 Real Madrid[31] 1.69 metres (5 ft 7 in) [32]

The team was managed by Baltazar Junco.[22] Also traveling with the team were Ricardo Irezábal and Manu de la Sota both as delegates, and Melchor Alegría as the organiser.[33][34][35]

This was not exactly the same team as the one which had toured Europe the year before. Guillermo Gorostiza and Roberto Etxebarria had left in France after the side decided to travel on to Mexico. They both returned to the Basque Country, being replaced by José Urquiola and Tomas Aguirre respectively.[12] The team's substitute goalkeeper Rafael Eguskiza had become seriously ill in Cuba in the summer of 1938 and could not be part of the team.[36] Ignacio Agirrezabala, who had joined the team for their initial stay in Mexico, left the team while it was in Argentina because his brother lived there, as did Pedro Areso who joined Tigre.[37] Félix de los Heros (known as 'Tache') was brought into the side.[38] The team's trainer, Pedro Vallana, and masseur, Perico Birichinaga, had also left.[39]

The team also suffered a loss during the season when Zubieta was signed for San Lorenzo de Almagro in Argentina, and so missed the last three matches.[40]

The league

Primera Fuerza, also known as La Liga Major.,[41] was one of two large association football leagues in Mexico at the time. Six other teams contested the league. They were América, Asturias, Atlante, España, Marte and Necaxa. They were all teams from the area around Mexico City.

League matches played

The team started the season well winning 5 of their first 6 matches, but as the season progressed several players became injured, Zubieta left, and due to the small size of the squad their results worsened.[42][43]

Date Venue Home Team Score Visitor
27 Nov 1938 Parque España América 2–3 Euzkadi [41][44]
4 Dec 1938 Parque Necaxa Atlante 1–7 Euzkadi [45]
18 Dec 1938 Parque Necaxa Marte 1–7 Euzkadi [46]
15 Jan 1939 Parque Necaxa Necaxa5–2 Euzkadi [47]
29 Jan 1939 Parque Asturias Asturias 4–5 Euzkadi [48]
5 Feb 1939 Parque Asturias[49] España 1–5 Euzkadi [50]
19 Feb 1939 Parque Asturias América 2–1 Euzkadi [51]
5 Mar 1939 Parque Asturias Atlante 2–4 Euzkadi [52]
12 Mar 1939 Parque España[49] Marte 3–2 Euzkadi [53]
23 Apr 1939 Parque Necaxa[49]Necaxa2–3 Euzkadi [54]
30 Apr 1939 Parque Necaxa[49] Asturias 3–3 Euzkadi [55]
7 May 1939 Parque Necaxa España 7–2 Euzkadi [56]

Final score table for 1938/39 season

Club Deportivo Euzkadi finished the season as runners-up to Club Asturias.

Team Played Won Drawn Lost Scored Let in Points
Asturias 12 7 2 3 30 27 16
Euzkadi 12 7 1 4 44 33 15
España 12 6 1 5 46 33 13
América 12 5 3 4 32 27 13
Necaxa 12 5 1 6 32 32 12
Marte 12 4 1 7 22 34 9
Atlante 12 3 1 8 22 42 7

Source: rsssf

Stadiums

All league matches in the 1938/39 season were played in just 3 stadiums: Parque Necaxa, Parque España and Parque Asturias. On the 26 March 1939 Parque Asturias stadium was severely damaged in a fire that began immediately after a match.[57]

Other matches

Apart from participating in the Primera Fuerza league during the 1938/39 season, Club Deportivo Euzkadi also played two friendly matches against a joint Marte/Atlante team (to raise money for poor children and the Mexican Red Cross),[58][59] one against Atlante, and two others against Tampico.

Date Venue Home Team Score Visitor
1 Jan 1939 Parque Asturias[60] Atlante/Marte XI 5–4 Euzkadi [61]
7 Jan 1939 Tampico Tampico XI 1–5 Euzkadi [49]
8 Jan 1939 Tampico Tampico XI 3–5 Euzkadi [49]
21 Feb 1939 Parque Asturias Atlante 2–2 Euzkadi [60]
9 Apr 1939 Parque Necaxa[60] Atlante/Marte XI 2–8 Euzkadi [62]

Break up of the team

The Spanish Civil War ended in April 1939 with the victory of fascist Spain over the Republican Government.

On 7 May 1939 the team played their last game as Club Deportivo Euzkadi, which was a 2–7 loss to Club España. Due to this loss the team finished the season as runners-up in the league.

A month after the championship had ended the Basque Country national football team reformed for one last match, played on 18 June 1939, against the Paraguayan side Club Atlético Corrales. Included in the squad was the Basque goalkeeper Joaquín Urkiaga who had played the season in Club Asturias.[63][64] The match ended as a 4–4 draw.[65]

After this match the team disbanded, and the players each received their first and only payment which was 10,000 pesetas.[63] The players then joined various league sides in Mexico and Argentina. Cilauren, Alonso, Barcos, Blasco, Iborra, Muguerza, Aedo and Iraragorri signed for Club España. The Reguiero brothers, Urquiola, Agirre and Larrinaga signed for Club Asturias.[66][67][68] Lángara joined San Lorenzo de Almagro in Argentina, where Zubieta had gone mid-season.[35]

Legacy

The main legacy of the team was the impulse it gave to the professionalization of association football in Mexico. When the team arrived in Mexico in 1937 all its players were already professionals, whereas most Mexican players were not paid openly, and instead were employed in certain jobs where they were given special conditions so that they could play sport. With the arrival of the Basque team the number of spectators increased enormously and radio began to broadcast matches, so that Mexican footballers began to realize that they could begin to live only from football.[69]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Todos los futbolistas Vascos siguen a ......" (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo, 14 January 1938. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 "Les Footballeurs Basques sans patrie attendent.....". Le Petit Parisien, 16 April 1938, page 6. Retrieved 12 May 2015.
  3. ↑ Zamora, Gerson. "El Equipo de futbol Euzkadi en Mexico, 1937–39, page 85" (PDF). Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. Retrieved 23 November 2015.
  4. ↑ Patxi, Fernández. Historia del Fútbol Vasco. Aralar Liburuak. p. 23. ISBN 84-95261-23-5.
  5. ↑ "De la seleccion Vasca......." (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo, 30 April 1937. Retrieved 12 May 2015.
  6. ↑ Burns, Jimmy (2012). La Roja: A Journey Through Spanish Football. Simon & Schuster UK. pp. Chapter 13. ISBN 978-0857206541. Retrieved 7 August 2017.
  7. ↑ Zamora, Gerson. "El Equipo de futbol Euzkadi en Mexico, 1937–39, page 95" (PDF). Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. Retrieved 26 November 2015.
  8. ↑ Zamora, Gerson. "El Equipo de futbol Euzkadi en Mexico, 1937–39, page 97" (PDF). Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. Retrieved 26 November 2015.
  9. ↑ Zamora, Gerson. "El Equipo de futbol Euzkadi en Mexico, 1937–39, page 110" (PDF). Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. Retrieved 26 November 2015.
  10. ↑ Patxi, Fernández. Historia del Fútbol Vasco. Aralar Liburuak. p. 49. ISBN 84-95261-23-5.
  11. ↑ "Los vascos llegaron a Cuba el 13 de enero". El Mundo Deportivo, 3 February 1938. Retrieved 12 May 2015.
  12. 1 2 "Rafael Egusquiza". memoriasdelfutbolvasco, 18 February 2014. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
  13. ↑ Zamora, Gerson. "El Equipo de futbol Euzkadi en Mexico, 1937–39, page 106" (PDF). Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
  14. ↑ Zamora, Gerson. "El Equipo de futbol Euzkadi en Mexico, 1937–39, page 115" (PDF). Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. Retrieved 23 November 2015.
  15. 1 2 Zamora, Gerson. "El Equipo de futbol Euzkadi en Mexico, 1937–39, page 121" (PDF). Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. Retrieved 26 November 2015.
  16. ↑ Zamora, Gerson. "El Equipo de futbol Euzkadi en Mexico, 1937–39, page 114" (PDF). Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. Retrieved 26 November 2015.
  17. ↑ Zamora, Gerson. "El Equipo de futbol Euzkadi en Mexico, 1937–39, page 124" (PDF). Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. Retrieved 26 November 2015.
  18. ↑ "Una odisea de los vascos" (PDF). El Mundo Deportivo, 2 May 1938. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
  19. ↑ Patxi, Fernández. Historia del Fútbol Vasco. Aralar Liburuak. p. 51. ISBN 84-95261-23-5.
  20. ↑ Patxi, Fernández. Historia del Fútbol Vasco. Aralar Liburuak. p. 56. ISBN 84-95261-23-5.
  21. ↑ Zamora, Gerson. "El Equipo de futbol Euzkadi en Mexico, 1937–39, page 125" (PDF). Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. Retrieved 26 November 2015.
  22. 1 2 "Mexico, Julio 29". El Siglo del Torreón, 30 July 1938. Retrieved 12 May 2015.
  23. ↑ Ramirez, Carlos F. "Historia del Futbol Mexicano". norte-monterrey. Retrieved 18 November 2015.
  24. ↑ "Ganaron en Futbol Asturias y Euzkadi". El Informador, page 8. 28 November 1938.
  25. ↑ Age on 27 November 1938, the first day of the championship.
  26. ↑ "1937 год. Локомотив – сб. страны Басков, in Russian". OKO. Retrieved 10 November 2015.
  27. ↑ "Serafín Aedo Renieblas". pares.mcu.es. Secretaría de Estado de Cultura, España. Retrieved 23 June 2016.
  28. ↑ "Tomás Aguirre Lecube". Spanish Government. Retrieved 12 February 2016.
  29. ↑ "The FC Barcelona United States tour in 1937". group 14. Retrieved 9 January 2016.
  30. ↑ "Félix Heros Azueta Registro Nacional de Extranjeros en México (copia digital)". Spanish Government. Retrieved 12 February 2016.
  31. ↑ "José Manuel Urquiola Gaztañaga". BDfutbol. Retrieved 3 November 2015.
  32. ↑ "José Manuel de Urquiola Castañaga Registro Nacional de Extranjeros en México (copia digital)". Spanish Government. Retrieved 12 February 2016.
  33. ↑ "Encyclopedia Vasco". Retrieved 25 June 2014.
  34. ↑ Joseba Gotzon. Euskadiko Futbol Selekzioaren Historia. Ediciones Beitia. ISBN 84-88890-52-4.
  35. 1 2 "Euzkadi, un equipo de hermanos". Retrieved 3 March 2015.
  36. ↑ "Euzkadi, Un Equipo de Hermanos". Retrieved 5 March 2015.
  37. ↑ Zamora, Gerson. "El Equipo de futbol Euzkadi en Mexico, 1937–39, biographical section" (PDF). Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. Retrieved 26 November 2015.
  38. ↑ Zamora, Gerson. "El Equipo de futbol Euzkadi en Mexico, 1937–39, pages 126 and 145" (PDF). Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. Retrieved 26 November 2015.
  39. ↑ "El Equipo Euzkadi....page 810.". ehu. Retrieved 11 December 2014.
  40. ↑ "ÁNGEL ZUBIETA". museodesanlorenzo.com. Retrieved 12 January 2016.
  41. 1 2 "Principió el torneo de Futbol". El Siglo del Torreón, 28 November 1938. Retrieved 7 December 2014.
  42. ↑ Zamora, Gerson. "El Equipo de futbol Euzkadi en Mexico, 1937–39, page 145" (PDF). Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. Retrieved 26 November 2015.
  43. ↑ ""La selección vasca dejó en 1937 una herencia por Europa que muy pocos equipos han dejado en la historia"". Diario de Gipuzkoa. 24 December 2015. Retrieved 16 January 2016.
  44. ↑ "Ganaron en Futbol Asurias y Euzkadi". El Informador, 28 November 1938, page 8.
  45. ↑ "Atlante fue golpeado por la selección Vasca". El Siglo del Torreón, 5 December 1938. Retrieved 7 December 2014.
  46. ↑ "Victoria de los Equipos Espaõles". El Siglo del Torreón, 19/12/1938. Retrieved 3 September 2014.
  47. ↑ "Asturias, en el otro juego de la mañana....". El Siglo del Torreón, 16 Jan 1939. Retrieved 18 August 2014.
  48. ↑ "Mexico, 29 de enero". El Siglo del Torreón, 30/1/1939. Retrieved 18 August 2014.
  49. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Basque Country (Euskadi) Autonomous Team Matches". rsssf.com. Retrieved 3 November 2015.
  50. ↑ "Los Partidos de Fútbol en Mexico.". El Siglo del Torreón, 7 February 1939. Retrieved 8 December 2014.
  51. ↑ "El Futbol en la Metropoli". El Informador, 20 February 1939, page 8.
  52. ↑ "Aburridos resultaron los juegos de futbol en Mexico". El Siglo del Torreón, 6/3/1939. Retrieved 18 August 2014.
  53. ↑ "La Seleccion Vasca batida por el Martin". El Siglo del Torreón, 13/3/1939. Retrieved 18 August 2014.
  54. ↑ "Por 3–2 Euzkadi impuso al Necaxa". El Siglo del Torreón, 24 April 1939. Retrieved 4 December 2014.
  55. ↑ "Asturias empató con los Vascos a 3". El Siglo del Torreón, 1 May 1939. Retrieved 4 December 2014.
  56. ↑ "Mexico, Mayo 7". El Siglo del Torreón, 8/5/1939. Retrieved 18 August 2014.
  57. ↑ "Mexico, 26 de marzo". El Siglo del Torreón, 27 March 1939. Retrieved 18 August 2014.
  58. ↑ Zamora, Gerson. "El Equipo de futbol Euzkadi en Mexico, 1937–39, page 137" (PDF). Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. Retrieved 26 November 2015.
  59. ↑ Estomba Etxepare, Fernando. "EL EQUIPO EUZKADI: DEL MITO POLÍTICO A LA REALIDAD HISTÓRICA (1937–1939), page 814". ehu.eus. Retrieved 11 November 2015.
  60. 1 2 3 Zamora, Gerson. "El Equipo de futbol Euzkadi en Mexico, 1937–39, page 134" (PDF). Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. Retrieved 26 November 2015.
  61. ↑ "Mexico". El Siglo del Torreón, 2 January 1939. Retrieved 3 November 2015.
  62. ↑ "El Euzkadi ganó". El Siglo del Torreón, 10 April 1939. Retrieved 3 November 2015.
  63. 1 2 Patxi, Fernández. Historia del Fútbol Vasco. Aralar Liburuak. p. 58. ISBN 84-95261-23-5.
  64. ↑ "Mexico mayo 14". El Siglo del Torreón. 15 May 1939. Retrieved 18 November 2015.
  65. ↑ "Los Vascos y los Paraguayos en un empate a 4 goals". El Siglo del Torreón, 19/6/1939. Retrieved 4 December 2014.
  66. ↑ "El Equipo Euzkadi....page 815.". ehu. Retrieved 11 December 2014.
  67. ↑ Patxi, Fernández. Historia del Fútbol Vasco. Aralar Liburuak. p. 60. ISBN 84-95261-23-5.
  68. ↑ "Tomás Aguirre y Lecube". Euskomedia.org. Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia. Retrieved 3 November 2015.
  69. ↑ Zamora, Gerson. "El Equipo de futbol Euzkadi en Mexico, 1937–39, page 154" (PDF). Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. Retrieved 26 November 2015.
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