C-C chemokine receptor type 6
Chemokine receptor 6 also known as CCR6 is a CC chemokine receptor protein which in humans is encoded by the CCR6 gene.[3] CCR6 has also recently been designated CD196 (cluster of differentiation 196).
Function
This protein belongs to family A of G protein-coupled receptor superfamily. The gene is preferentially expressed by immature dendritic cells and memory T cells. The ligand of this receptor is macrophage inflammatory protein 3 alpha (MIP-3 alpha). This receptor has been shown to be important for B-lineage maturation and antigen-driven B-cell differentiation, and it may regulate the migration and recruitment of dendritic and T cells during inflammatory and immunological responses. Alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode the same protein have been described for this gene.[4]
Molecular biology
The gene is located on the long arm of Chromosome 6 (6q27) on the Watson (plus) strand. It is 139,737 bases long and encodes a protein of 374 amino acids (molecular weight 42,494 Da).[3]
Clinical significance
CCR6 has been associated with Crohn's disease.[5] Expression of CCR6 was found to be up-regulated in colorectal cancer. Novel research has identified a microRNA that is able to downregulate CCR6 in cancer cell lines.[6]
References
- ↑ "Human PubMed Reference:".
- ↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:".
- 1 2 Zaballos A, Varona R, Gutiérrez J, Lind P, Márquez G (October 1996). "Molecular cloning and RNA expression of two new human chemokine receptor-like genes". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 227 (3): 846–53. PMID 8886020. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1996.1595.
- ↑ "Entrez Gene: CCR6 chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 6".
- ↑ Wang K, Zhang H, Kugathasan S, Annese V, Bradfield JP, Russell RK, Sleiman PM, Imielinski M, Glessner J, Hou C, Wilson DC, Walters T, Kim C, Frackelton EC, Lionetti P, Barabino A, Van Limbergen J, Guthery S, Denson L, Piccoli D, Li M, Dubinsky M, Silverberg M, Griffiths A, Grant SF, Satsangi J, Baldassano R, Hakonarson H (February 2009). "Diverse Genome-wide Association Studies Associate the IL12/IL23 Pathway with Crohn Disease". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 84 (3): 399–405. PMC 2668006
. PMID 19249008. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.01.026. - ↑ Rubie C (Feb 2014). "Chemokine receptor CCR6 expression is regulated by miR-518a-5p in colorectal cancer cells.". J Transl Med. 12: 48. PMC 3996063 . PMID 24559209. doi:10.1186/1479-5876-12-48.
External links
- Human CCR6 genome location and CCR6 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
- "Chemokine Receptors: CCR6". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology.
Further reading
- Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides.". Gene. 138 (1–2): 171–4. PMID 8125298. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8.
- Zaballos A, Varona R, Gutiérrez J, et al. (1996). "Molecular cloning and RNA expression of two new human chemokine receptor-like genes". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 227 (3): 846–53. PMID 8886020. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1996.1595.
- Liao F, Lee HH, Farber JM (1997). "Cloning of STRL22, a new human gene encoding a G-protein-coupled receptor related to chemokine receptors and located on chromosome 6q27". Genomics. 40 (1): 175–80. PMID 9070937. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.4544.
- Baba M, Imai T, Nishimura M, et al. (1997). "Identification of CCR6, the specific receptor for a novel lymphocyte-directed CC chemokine LARC". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (23): 14893–8. PMID 9169459. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.23.14893.
- Wagner T, Tommerup N, Wirth J, et al. (1997). "A somatic cell hybrid panel for distal 17q: GDIA1 maps to 17q25.3". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 76 (3–4): 172–5. PMID 9186513. doi:10.1159/000134538.
- Liao F, Alderson R, Su J, et al. (1997). "STRL22 is a receptor for the CC chemokine MIP-3alpha". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 236 (1): 212–7. PMID 9223454. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.6936.
- Power CA, Church DJ, Meyer A, et al. (1997). "Cloning and characterization of a specific receptor for the novel CC chemokine MIP-3alpha from lung dendritic cells". J. Exp. Med. 186 (6): 825–35. PMC 2199050 . PMID 9294137. doi:10.1084/jem.186.6.825.
- Greaves DR, Wang W, Dairaghi DJ, et al. (1997). "CCR6, a CC chemokine receptor that interacts with macrophage inflammatory protein 3alpha and is highly expressed in human dendritic cells". J. Exp. Med. 186 (6): 837–44. PMC 2199049 . PMID 9294138. doi:10.1084/jem.186.6.837.
- Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, et al. (1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene. 200 (1–2): 149–56. PMID 9373149. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3.
- Yang D, Chertov O, Bykovskaia SN, et al. (1999). "Beta-defensins: linking innate and adaptive immunity through dendritic and T cell CCR6". Science. 286 (5439): 525–8. PMID 10521347. doi:10.1126/science.286.5439.525.
- Krzysiek R, Lefevre EA, Bernard J, et al. (2000). "Regulation of CCR6 chemokine receptor expression and responsiveness to macrophage inflammatory protein-3alpha/CCL20 in human B cells". Blood. 96 (7): 2338–45. PMID 11001880.
- Douglas GC, Thirkill TL, Sideris V, et al. (2001). "Chemokine receptor expression by human syncytiotrophoblast". J. Reprod. Immunol. 49 (2): 97–114. PMID 11164896. doi:10.1016/S0165-0378(00)00083-8.
- Biragyn A, Surenhu M, Yang D, et al. (2002). "Mediators of innate immunity that target immature, but not mature, dendritic cells induce antitumor immunity when genetically fused with nonimmunogenic tumor antigens". J. Immunol. 167 (11): 6644–53. PMID 11714836. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.167.11.6644.
- Ebert LM, McColl SR (2002). "Up-regulation of CCR5 and CCR6 on distinct subpopulations of antigen-activated CD4+ T lymphocytes". J. Immunol. 168 (1): 65–72. PMID 11751947. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.168.1.65.
- Liao F, Shirakawa AK, Foley JF, et al. (2002). "Human B cells become highly responsive to macrophage-inflammatory protein-3 alpha/CC chemokine ligand-20 after cellular activation without changes in CCR6 expression or ligand binding". J. Immunol. 168 (10): 4871–80. PMID 11994436. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.168.10.4871.
- Hosokawa Y, Nakanishi T, Yamaguchi D, et al. (2002). "Macrophage inflammatory protein 3alpha-CC chemokine receptor 6 interactions play an important role in CD4+ T-cell accumulation in periodontal diseased tissue". Clin. Exp. Immunol. 128 (3): 548–54. PMC 1906256 . PMID 12067311. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2249.2002.01865.x.
- Kim CH, Johnston B, Butcher EC (2002). "Trafficking machinery of NKT cells: shared and differential chemokine receptor expression among V alpha 24(+)V beta 11(+) NKT cell subsets with distinct cytokine-producing capacity". Blood. 100 (1): 11–6. PMID 12070001. doi:10.1182/blood-2001-12-0196.
- Ai LS, Liao F (2002). "Mutating the four extracellular cysteines in the chemokine receptor CCR6 reveals their differing roles in receptor trafficking, ligand binding, and signaling". Biochemistry. 41 (26): 8332–41. PMID 12081481. doi:10.1021/bi025855y.
- Hoover DM, Boulegue C, Yang D, et al. (2002). "The structure of human macrophage inflammatory protein-3alpha /CCL20. Linking antimicrobial and CC chemokine receptor-6-binding activities with human beta-defensins". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (40): 37647–54. PMID 12149255. doi:10.1074/jbc.M203907200.
- Maki W, Morales RE, Carroll VA, et al. (2002). "CCR6 colocalizes with CD18 and enhances adhesion to activated endothelial cells in CCR6-transduced Jurkat T cells". J. Immunol. 169 (5): 2346–53. PMID 12193700. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.169.5.2346.
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