CAST-256

CAST-256
General
Designers	Carlisle Adams, Stafford Tavares, Howard Heys, Michael Wiener
First published	1998
Derived from	CAST-128
Cipher detail
Key sizes	128, 160, 192, 224, or 256 bits
Block sizes	128 bits
Structure	generalised Feistel network (Type 1)^[1]
Rounds	48

In cryptography, CAST-256 (or CAST6) is a symmetric-key block cipher published in June 1998. It was submitted as a candidate for the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES); however, it was not among the five AES finalists. It is an extension of an earlier cipher, CAST-128; both were designed according to the "CAST" design methodology invented by Carlisle Adams and Stafford Tavares. Howard Heys and Michael Wiener also contributed to the design.

CAST-256 uses the same elements as CAST-128, including S-boxes, but is adapted for a block size of 128 bits – twice the size of its 64-bit predecessor. (A similar construction occurred in the evolution of RC5 into RC6). Acceptable key sizes are 128, 160, 192, 224 or 256 bits. CAST-256 is composed of 48 rounds, sometimes described as 12 "quad-rounds", arranged in a generalized Feistel network.

In RFC 2612, the authors state that, "The CAST-256 cipher described in this document is available worldwide on a royalty-free and licence-free basis for commercial and non-commercial uses."

Currently, the best public cryptanalysis of CAST-256 in the standard single secret key setting that works for all keys is the zero-correlation cryptanalysis breaking 28 rounds with 2^246.9 time and 2^98.8 data.^[2]

References

↑ Hoang, Viet Tung; Rogaway, Phillip (2010). "On Generalized Feistel Networks". LNCS 6223. CRYPTO 2010. USA: Springer. pp. 613–630.
↑ Bogdanov, Andrey; Leander, Gregor; Nyberg, Kaisa; Wang, Meiqin (2012). "Integral and multidimensional linear distinguishers with correlation zero" (PDF). Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Asiacrypt 2012. 7658: 244–261. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-34961-4.

External links

CAST-256 by John J. G. Savard
256bit Ciphers - CAST256 Reference implementation and derived code
Standard Cryptographic Algorithm Naming: CAST-256
RFC 2612

Block ciphers (security summary)
Common algorithms	AES Blowfish DES (Internal Mechanics, Triple DES) Serpent Twofish
Less common algorithms	Camellia CAST-128 IDEA RC2 RC5 RC6 SEED ARIA Skipjack TEA XTEA
Other algorithms	3-Way Akelarre Anubis BaseKing BassOmatic BATON BEAR and LION CAST-256 Chiasmus CIKS-1 CIPHERUNICORN-A CIPHERUNICORN-E CLEFIA CMEA Cobra COCONUT98 Crab Cryptomeria/C2 CRYPTON CS-Cipher DEAL DES-X DFC E2 FEAL FEA-M FROG G-DES GOST Grand Cru Hasty Pudding cipher Hierocrypt ICE IDEA NXT Intel Cascade Cipher Iraqi Kalyna KASUMI KeeLoq KHAZAD Khufu and Khafre KN-Cipher Kuznyechik Ladder-DES Libelle LOKI (97, 89/91) Lucifer M6 M8 MacGuffin Madryga MAGENTA MARS Mercy MESH MISTY1 MMB MULTI2 MultiSwap New Data Seal NewDES Nimbus NOEKEON NUSH PRESENT Prince Q RC6 REDOC Red Pike S-1 SAFER SAVILLE SC2000 SHACAL SHARK Simon SM4 Speck Spectr-H64 Square SXAL/MBAL Threefish Treyfer UES Xenon xmx XXTEA Zodiac
Design	Feistel network Key schedule Lai–Massey scheme Product cipher S-box P-box SPN Avalanche effect Block size Key size Key whitening (Whitening transformation)
Attack (cryptanalysis)	Brute-force (EFF DES cracker) MITM Biclique attack 3-subset MITM attack Linear (Piling-up lemma) Differential Impossible Truncated Higher-order Differential-linear Distinguishing (Known-key) Integral/Square Boomerang Mod n Related-key Slide Rotational Side-channel Timing Power-monitoring Electromagnetic Acoustic Differential-fault XSL Interpolation Partitioning Rubber-hose Black-bag Davies' Rebound Weak key Tau Chi-square Time/memory/data tradeoff
Standardization	AES process CRYPTREC NESSIE
Utilization	Initialization vector Mode of operation Padding

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Symmetric-key algorithm Block cipher Stream cipher Public-key cryptography Cryptographic hash function Message authentication code Random numbers Steganography
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CAST-256

References

See also

External links