Basic Latin (Unicode block)

C0 Controls and Basic Latin
Range U+0000..U+007F
(128 code points)
Plane BMP
Scripts Latin (52 char.)
Common (76 char.)
Major alphabets English
French
Spanish
German
Vietnamese
Symbol sets Arabic numerals
Punctuation
Assigned 128 code points
33 Control or Format
Unused 0 reserved code points
Source standards ISO/IEC 8859, ISO 646
Unicode version history
1.0.0 128 (+128)
Note: [1][2]

The Basic Latin or C0 Controls and Basic Latin Unicode block is the first block of the Unicode standard, and the only block which is encoded in one byte in UTF-8. The block contains all the letters and control codes of the ASCII encoding.

The Basic Latin block was included in its present form from version 1.0.0 of the Unicode Standard, without addition or alteration of the character repertoire.[3]

Table of characters

Code Result Description Acronym
C0 controls
U+0000 Null character NUL
U+0001 Start of Heading SOH
U+0002 Start of Text STX
U+0003 End-of-text character ETX
U+0004 End-of-transmission character EOT
U+0005 Enquiry character ENQ
U+0006 Acknowledge character ACK
U+0007 Bell character BEL
U+0008 Backspace BS
U+0009 Horizontal tab HT
U+000A Line feed LF
U+000B Vertical tab VT
U+000C Form feed FF
U+000D Carriage return CR
U+000E Shift Out SO
U+000F Shift In SI
U+0010 Data Link Escape DLE
U+0011 Device Control 1 DC1
U+0012 Device Control 2 DC2
U+0013 Device Control 3 DC3
U+0014 Device Control 4 DC4
U+0015 Negative-acknowledge character NAK
U+0016 Synchronous Idle SYN
U+0017 End of Transmission Block ETB
U+0018 Cancel character CAN
U+0019 End of Medium EM
U+001A Substitute character SUB
U+001B Escape character ESC
U+001C File Separator FS
U+001D Group Separator GS
U+001E Record Separator RS
U+001F Unit Separator US
ASCII punctuation and symbols
U+0020   Space SP
U+0021 ! Exclamation mark
U+0022 " Quotation mark
U+0023 # Number sign
U+0024 $ Dollar sign
U+0025 % Percent sign
U+0026 & Ampersand
U+0027 ' Apostrophe
U+0028 ( Left parenthesis
U+0029 ) Right parenthesis
U+002A * Asterisk
U+002B + Plus sign
U+002C , Comma
U+002D - Hyphen-minus
U+002E . Full stop or period
U+002F / Solidus or Slash
ASCII digits
U+0030 0 Digit Zero
U+0031 1 Digit One
U+0032 2 Digit Two
U+0033 3 Digit Three
U+0034 4 Digit Four
U+0035 5 Digit Five
U+0036 6 Digit Six
U+0037 7 Digit Seven
U+0038 8 Digit Eight
U+0039 9 Digit Nine
ASCII punctuation and symbols
U+003A : Colon
U+003B ; Semicolon
U+003C < Less-than sign
U+003D = Equal sign
U+003E > Greater-than sign
U+003F ? Question mark
U+0040 @ At sign or Commercial at
Uppercase Latin alphabet
U+0041 A Latin Capital letter A
U+0042 B Latin Capital letter B
U+0043 C Latin Capital letter C
U+0044 D Latin Capital letter D
U+0045 E Latin Capital letter E
U+0046 F Latin Capital letter F
U+0047 G Latin Capital letter G
U+0048 H Latin Capital letter H
U+0049 I Latin Capital letter I
U+004A J Latin Capital letter J
U+004B K Latin Capital letter K
U+004C L Latin Capital letter L
U+004D M Latin Capital letter M
U+004E N Latin Capital letter N
U+004F O Latin Capital letter O
U+0050 P Latin Capital letter P
U+0051 Q Latin Capital letter Q
U+0052 R Latin Capital letter R
U+0053 S Latin Capital letter S
U+0054 T Latin Capital letter T
U+0055 U Latin Capital letter U
U+0056 V Latin Capital letter V
U+0057 W Latin Capital letter W
U+0058 X Latin Capital letter X
U+0059 Y Latin Capital letter Y
U+005A Z Latin Capital letter Z
ASCII punctuation and symbols
U+005B [ Left Square Bracket
U+005C \ Backslash [A]
U+005D ] Right Square Bracket
U+005E ^ Circumflex accent
U+005F _ Low line
U+0060 ` Grave accent
Lowercase Latin alphabet
U+0061 a Latin Small Letter A
U+0062 b Latin Small Letter B
U+0063 c Latin Small Letter C
U+0064 d Latin Small Letter D
U+0065 e Latin Small Letter E
U+0066 f Latin Small Letter F
U+0067 g Latin Small Letter G
U+0068 h Latin Small Letter H
U+0069 i Latin Small Letter I
U+006A j Latin Small Letter J
U+006B k Latin Small Letter K
U+006C l Latin Small Letter L
U+006D m Latin Small Letter M
U+006E n Latin Small Letter N
U+006F o Latin Small Letter O
U+0070 p Latin Small Letter P
U+0071 q Latin Small Letter Q
U+0072 r Latin Small Letter R
U+0073 s Latin Small Letter S
U+0074 t Latin Small Letter T
U+0075 u Latin Small Letter U
U+0076 v Latin Small Letter V
U+0077 w Latin Small Letter W
U+0078 x Latin Small Letter X
U+0079 y Latin Small Letter Y
U+007A z Latin Small Letter Z
ASCII punctuation and symbols
U+007B { Left Curly Bracket
U+007C | Vertical bar
U+007D } Right Curly Bracket
U+007E ~ Tilde
Control character
U+007F Delete DEL
A The letter U+005C (\) may show up as a Yen or Won sign in Japanese/Korean fonts mistaking Unicode (especially UTF-8) as a legacy character set which replaced the backslash with these signs.[4]

Subheadings

The C0 Controls and Basic Latin block contains six subheadings.[5]

C0 controls

The C0 Controls, referred to as C0 ASCII control codes in version 1.0, are inherited from ASCII and other 7-bit and 8-bit encoding schemes. The Alias names for C0 controls are taken from the ISO/IEC 6429:1992 standard.[5]

ASCII punctuation and symbols

This subheading refers to standard punctuation characters, simple mathematical operators, and symbols like the dollar sign, percent, ampersand, underscore, and pipe.[5]

ASCII digits

The ASCII Digits subheading contains the standard European number characters 1–9 and 0.[5]

Uppercase Latin alphabet

The Uppercase Latin alphabet subheading contains the standard 26-letter unaccented Latin alphabet in the majuscule.[5]

Lowercase Latin alphabet

The Lowercase Latin Alphabet subheading contains the standard 26-letter unaccented Latin alphabet in the minuscule.[5]

Control character

The Control Character subheading contains the "Delete" character.[5]

Compact table

C0 Controls and Basic Latin[1]
Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF)
  0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
U+000x  NUL   SOH   STX   ETX   EOT   ENQ   ACK   BEL    BS     HT     LF     VT     FF     CR     SO     SI  
U+001x  DLE   DC1   DC2   DC3   DC4   NAK   SYN   ETB   CAN    EM    SUB   ESC    FS     GS     RS     US  
U+002x   SP   ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . /
U+003x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9  : ; < = > ?
U+004x @ A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O
U+005x P Q R S T U V W X Y Z [ \ ] ^ _
U+006x ` a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o
U+007x p q r s t u v w x y z { | } ~  DEL 
Notes
1.^ As of Unicode version 10.0

Emoji

The Basic Latin block contains twelve emoji: U+0023, U+002A and U+0030–U+0039.[6][7] They're keycap base characters, for example #️⃣ (U+0023 NUMBER SIGN U+FE0F VS16 U+20E3 COMBINING ENCLOSING KEYCAP).

A standardized variant is defined for a zero with a short diagonal stroke: U+0030 DIGIT ZERO, U+FE00 VS1 (0︀).

The block has 24 standardized variants defined to specify emoji-style (U+FE0F VS16) or text presentation (U+FE0E VS15) for the following twelve base characters: U+0023, U+002A and U+0030–U+0039.[8]

All of these base characters default to a text presentation.

Emoji variation sequences
U+ 0023 002A 0030 0031 0032 0033 0034 0035 0036 0037 0038 0039
base code point # * 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
base+VS15 (text) #︎ *︎ 0︎ 1︎ 2︎ 3︎ 4︎ 5︎ 6︎ 7︎ 8︎ 9︎
base+VS16 (emoji) #️ *️ 0️ 1️ 2️ 3️ 4️ 5️ 6️ 7️ 8️ 9️

History

The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Basic Latin block:

Version Final code points[lower-alpha 1] Count L2 ID WG2 ID Document
1.0.0 U+0000..007F 128 (to be determined)
L2/04-145 Starner, David (2004-04-30), C with stroke character examples from BAE report 1884 (Dorsey) 
L2/04-202 Anderson, Deborah (2004-06-07), Slashed C Feedback 
L2/11-043 Freytag, Asmus; Karlsson, Kent (2011-02-02), Proposal to correct mistakes and inconsistencies in certain property assignments for super and subscripted letters 
L2/11-160 PRI #181 Changing General Category of Twelve Characters, 2011-05-02 
L2/11-438[lower-alpha 2][lower-alpha 3] N4182 Edberg, Peter (2011-12-22), Emoji Variation Sequences (Revision of L2/11-429) 
L2/15-268 Beeton, Barbara; Freytag, Asmus; Iancu, Laurențiu; Sargent, Murray (2015-10-30), Proposal to Represent the Slashed Zero Variant of Empty Set 
L2/15-301[lower-alpha 4][lower-alpha 3] Pournader, Roozbeh (2015-11-01), A proposal for 278 standardized variation sequences for emoji 
  1. ↑ Proposed code points and characters names may differ from final code points and names
  2. ↑ See also L2/10-458, L2/11-414, L2/11-415, and L2/11-429
  3. 1 2 Refer to the history section of the Miscellaneous Symbols and Pictographs block for additional emoji-related documents
  4. ↑ See also L2/15-198 and L2/15-275

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Unicode character database". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2016-07-09.
  2. ↑ "Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2016-07-09.
  3. ↑ The Unicode Standard Version 1.0, Volume 1. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. 1990. ISBN 0-201-56788-1.
  4. ↑ Sorting it all Out : When is a backslash not a backslash?
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Unicode 6.2 code charts" (PDF). The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 1 April 2013.
  6. ↑ "UTR #51: Unicode Emoji". Unicode Consortium. 2017-05-18.
  7. ↑ "UCD: Emoji Data for UTR #51". Unicode Consortium. 2017-03-27.
  8. ↑ "UTS #51 Emoji Variation Sequences". The Unicode Consortium.
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