Bureau of International Security and Nonproliferation
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Seal of the United States Department of State | |
| Bureau overview | |
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| Formed | September 13, 2005 |
| Preceding agencies |
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| Jurisdiction | Executive branch of the United States |
| Employees | 412 (as of 2014)[1] |
| Annual budget | $600 million (FY 2013)[1] |
| Bureau executive | |
| Parent department | U.S. Department of State |
| Website |
www |
The Bureau of International Security and Nonproliferation (ISN) is a bureau within the United States Department of State responsible for managing a broad range of nonproliferation and counterproliferation functions. The bureau leads U.S. efforts to prevent the spread of weapons of mass destruction (nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons) and their delivery systems.
It was created on September 13, 2005 when the Bureau of Arms Control and the Bureau of Nonproliferation were merged. Stephen G. Rademaker was the first the Acting Assistant Secretary of State for International Security and Nonproliferation. He had been the Assistant Secretary for the Bureau of Arms Control, and in February 2005 he was named the head of the Bureau for Nonproliferation pending the two bureaus' merger. The previous Acting Assistant Secretary was Francis C. Record, and Assistant Secretary John C. Rood, of Arizona, was confirmed by the senate on September 13, 2006.[2]
The Bureau's role within the Department of State is to spearhead efforts to promote international consensus on WMD proliferation through bilateral and multilateral diplomacy, and to address WMD proliferation threats posed by non-state actors and terrorist groups by improving physical security, using interdiction and sanctions, and actively participating in the Proliferation Security Initiative.
It also coordinates the implementation of international treaties and arrangements. It seeks to work with international organizations such as the United Nations, the G8, NATO, the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, and the International Atomic Energy Agency to reduce and eliminate threats posed by weapons of mass destruction, and to support foreign partners in their efforts.
During its time as an independent Bureau, the Bureau of Arms Control led efforts to negotiate new arms control agreements, such as the May 2002 Moscow Treaty on strategic offensive reductions, as well as ongoing efforts in the Geneva Conference on Disarmament (CD). It also had responsibilities of implementing existing agreements such as the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty, START I, the Chemical Weapons Convention, the Moscow Treaty, the Biological Weapons Convention.
It held the lead for negotiations and policy development of the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, the Treaty on Open Skies, arms control elements of the Dayton peace accords, and other European conventional arms control issues. In early 2004, the office responsible for the Confidence and Security-Building Measures in the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe had been moved from the Bureau of Political-Military Affairs to the Bureau of Arms Control.
Organization
In addition to the Assistant Secretary, the bureau is overseen by three Deputy Assistant Secretaries, who supervise twelve unique offices.[3]
- Biological Policy Staff
- Office of Conventional Arms Threat Reduction
- Office of Counterproliferation Initiatives
- Office of Missile, Biological, and Chemical Nonproliferation
- Office of Cooperative Threat Reduction
- Office of Export Control Cooperation
- Office of Nonproliferation and Disarmament Fund
- Office of Strategic Communications and Outreach
- Office of Weapons of Mass Destruction Terrorism
- Office of Multilateral Nuclear and Security Affairs
- Office of Nuclear Energy, Safety, and Security
- Office of Regional Affairs
The bureau also includes a Negotiator for Fissile Material, a Special Negotiator for Nonproliferation, a Coordinator for Threat Reduction Programs, and the U.S. Special Representative for Nuclear Nonprolfieration.[3]
References
- 1 2 "Inspection of the Bureau of International Security and Nonproliferation" (PDF). Inspector General of the Department of State. June 2015. Retrieved March 24, 2016.
- ↑ U.S. Congress (13 September 2006). "Confirmations". Congressional Record. 152 (113): S9575. Retrieved 2006-09-14.
- 1 2 "1 FAM 450 Bureau of International Security and Nonproliferation (ISN)". Foreign Affairs Manual. October 31, 2014. Retrieved April 2, 2016.