Bujanovac

Bujanovac
Бујановац
Bujanoc
Town and municipality

Central bus station of Bujanovac

Coat of arms

Location of the municipality of Bujanovac within Serbia
Coordinates: 42°28′N 21°46′E / 42.467°N 21.767°E / 42.467; 21.767Coordinates: 42°28′N 21°46′E / 42.467°N 21.767°E / 42.467; 21.767
Country  Serbia
Region Southern and Eastern Serbia
District Pčinja
Settlements 59
Government
 • Mayor Nagip Arifi
Area[1]
 • Municipality 461 km2 (178 sq mi)
Elevation 384 m (1,260 ft)
Population (2011 census)[2]
 • Municipality 18,067[b]
(estimated over 40,000)
Time zone CET (UTC+1)
 • Summer (DST) CEST (UTC+2)
Postal code 17520
Area code +381(0)17
Car plates BU
Website www.bujanovac.rs/en
Municipality of Bujanovac

Bujanovac (Serbian Cyrillic: Бујановац, pronounced [bǔjanɔvats]; Albanian: Bujanoc) is a town and municipality located in the Pčinja District of the southern Serbia. Situated in the South Morava basin, it is located in the geographical area known as Preševo Valley. It is also known for its source of mineral water and spa town Bujanovačka banja.

According to the 2002 census, the largest ethnic group in the town were Serbs, while the largest ethnic group in the municipality were Albanians.

History

Ancient history

Kale-Krševica, located south of Ristovac, is an archaeological site of a 5th-century BC Ancient city of Macedon, thought to be Damastion. The Thracian Triballi and Paeonian Agrianes dwelled in the region, with the Scordisci settling here after the Gallic invasion of the Balkans in 279 BC. The region was conquered by the Romans after 75 BC. It became part of the Roman propraetoral province Moesia in 29 BC (imperial from 27 BC). In 87 AD the region was re-organized into the Moesia Superior, which was a province of the Roman Empire.

Medieval Serbian era

Medieval Serbian state like the Kingdom of Serbia or the Serbian Empire included part of this region in the 12th century and most of it until the 14th century. Since the 15th century, the region was under Ottoman administration.

Ottoman era

It became part of Rumelia, as a historical term describing the area now referred to as the Balkans or the Balkan Peninsula when it was administrated by the Ottoman Empire.

After the Berlin agreement, signed in 1878, there were some administrative changes in the Ottoman Empire. Bujanovac and its surroundings became part of the "Preševo area" of the Priština District and in 1905–1912 Bujanovac belonged to the 2nd category of borough covering 28 villages. After the Balkan Wars, the area belonged to Kumanovo District of the Kingdom of Serbia.

Yugoslavia (1918–92)

After the establishment of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenians, in 1918, Bujanovac became part of Vranje Oblast, which was formed in 1921 after the Vidovdan Constitution. With administrative changes in 1929, it became part of Vardar Banovina, with the town of Skopje as capital. With the forming of Democratic Federal Yugoslavia, it was part of Socialist Republic of Serbia from 1943 to 1992. After World War II, in 1947, Bujanovac was established as one of 117 municipalities of Central Serbia, under its own name.[3]

From 1945 until 1992 Bujanovac was part of Socialist Republic of Serbia, within SFR Yugoslavia.

Breakup of Yugoslavia (1991–99)

Sites near Medveđa where NATO aviation used munition with depleted uranium during 1999 bombing

In 1992, the Albanians in the area organized a referendum in which they voted that Bujanovac, Preševo and Medveđa should join the self-declared assembly of the Republic of Kosova. However, no major events happened until the end of the 1990-s.

Following the breakup of Yugoslavia, and nearby Kosovo War which lasted until 1999, between 1999 and 2001, an ethnic Albanian paramilitary separatist organization, the UÇPMB, raised an armed insurgency in the Preševo Valley, in the region mostly inhabited by Albanians, with a goal to occupy these three municipalities from Serbia and join them to (future independent) Kosovo.

Unlike in the case of Kosovo, western countries condemned the attacks and described it as the "extremism" and use of "illegal terrorist actions" by the group.[4] Following the overthrow of Slobodan Milošević, the new Serbian government suppressed the violence by 2001 and defeated the separatists. NATO troops also helped the Serbian government by ensuring that the rebels do not import the conflicts back into Kosovo.[5] Thereafter, the situation has stabilized even though large number of forces exist in this small municipality.

In 2009, Serbia opened a military base Cepotina 5 kilometers south of Bujanovac, to further stabilize the area.[6]

Modern

Today, Bujanovac is located in the Pčinja District of southern Serbia.

On 7 March 2017, the President of Albania Bujar Nishani made a historical visit to the municipalities of Bujanovac and Preševo, in which Albanians form the ethnic majority.[7]

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±%
194834,472—    
195336,810+6.8%
196139,064+6.1%
197143,522+11.4%
198146,689+7.3%
199149,238+5.5%
200243,302−12.1%
2011[b]18,067−58.3%
Source: [8]

According to the 2002 census, the municipality of Bujanovac had a population of 43,302 people. The majority of the municipality population are Albanians, making more than 55% of total population. While the 2011 census was made, there was undercoverage of the census units owing to the boycott by most of the members of the Albanian ethnic community in the municipality of Bujanovac. Most of the municipality population live in rural areas, with only 27.74% living in the urban parts. The municipality of Bujanovac has 59 inhabited places. The ethnic composition of the municipality:

Ethnic group Population
1948[9][a]		 Population
1953[10][a]		 Population
1961[11]		 Population
1971[12]		 Population
1981[13]		 Population
1991[14]		 Population
2002[15]		 Population
2011[16][b]
Albanians 27,174 28,653 16,618 21,209 25,848 29,588 23,681 244
Serbs 25,143 27,681 20,033 18,840 15,914 14,660 14,782 12,989
Romani 2,838 - 11 2,749 4,130 4,408 3,867 4,576
Macedonians 29 54 40 55 105 - 36 47
Bulgarians 9 23 - - - - 33 23
Gorani - - - - - - 10 60
Montenegrins 23 16 8 23 24 44 7 19
Muslims 314 - 134 81 121 133 6 15
Yugoslavs - 91 1,081 15 96 75 2 3
Others 408 6,286 1,147 550 451 330 878 91
Total 55,938 62,804 39,064 43,522 46,689 49,238 43,302 18,067

Settlements

Aside from the town of Bujanovac, the municipality includes the following settlements:

Culture and society

Sports

Bujanovac has a football team called BSK Bujanovac.

International cooperation

Notable people

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Municipalities of Serbia, 2006". Statistical Office of Serbia. Retrieved 2010-11-28.
  2. ↑ "2011 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Serbia: Comparative Overview of the Number of Population in 1948, 1953, 1961, 1971, 1981, 1991, 2002 and 2011, Data by settlements" (PDF). Statistical Office of Republic Of Serbia, Belgrade. 2014. ISBN 978-86-6161-109-4. Retrieved 2014-06-27.
  3. ↑ http://scindeks.nb.rs/article.aspx?artid=0459-10700545343S
  4. ↑ European Centre for Minority Issues Staf (1 January 2003). European Yearbook of Minority Issues: 2001/2. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. pp. 652–. ISBN 90-411-1956-6.
  5. ↑ Lobjakas, Ahto. "NATO: Yugoslav Officials Discuss Presevo Valley". rferl.org. Radio Free Europe / Liberty. Retrieved 22 April 2017.
  6. ↑ "Otvorena baza na jugu Srbije". b92.net (in Serbian). Beta. 23 November 2009. Retrieved 6 March 2017.
  7. ↑ "Musliu: Albanski predsednik Bujar Nišani posetiće 7. marta Bujanovac i Preševo". blic.rs (in Serbian). Beta. 3 March 2017. Retrieved 11 March 2017.
  8. ↑ "2011 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Serbia" (PDF). stat.gov.rs. Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia. Retrieved 11 January 2017.
  9. ↑ "STALNO STANOVNISTVO PO NARODNOSTI" (PDF). stat.gov.rs. Republički zavod za statistiku. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
  10. ↑ "UKUPNO STANOVNIŠTVO PO NARODNOSTI (1953)" (PDF). stat.gov.rs. Republički zavod za statistiku. Retrieved 3 March 2015.
  11. ↑ "Knjiga III: Nacionalni sastav stanovništva FNR Jugoslavije (1961)" (PDF). stat.gov.rs (in Serbian). Republički zavod za statistiku. Retrieved 3 March 2015.
  12. ↑ "Knjiga III: Nacionalni sastav stanovništva FNR Jugoslavije (1971)" (PDF). stat.gov.rs (in Serbian). Republički zavod za statistiku. Retrieved 3 March 2015.
  13. ↑ "Nacionalni sastav stanovništva SFR Jugoslavije (1981)" (PDF). stat.gov.rs. Republički zavod za statistiku. Retrieved 3 March 2015.
  14. ↑ "STANOVNIŠTVO PREMA NACIONALNOJ PRIPADNOSTI (1991)" (PDF). stat.gov.rs. Republički zavod za statistiku. Retrieved 3 March 2015.
  15. ↑ "Popis stanovnistva, domacinstava i stanova u 2002" (PDF). stat.gov.rs (in Serbian). Retrieved 3 March 2015.
  16. ↑ "Попис становништва, домаћинстава и станова 2011. у Републици Србији" (PDF). stat.gov.rs. Republički zavod za statistiku. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 August 2014. Retrieved 3 March 2015.

Notes

a.  ^ At the time, today's municipality of Preševo was a part of Bujanovac.
b.  ^ In the municipality of Bujanovac there was undercoverage of the census units owing to the boycott by most of the members of the Albanian ethnic community.
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