Bu Ali Shah Qalandar
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Shaikh Sharafuddeen Bu Ali Qalandar Panipati also called Bu Ali Qalandar (1209-1324 CE probably born at Panipat, Haryana) in India[1] was a Sufi saint of the Chishtī Order who lived and taught in India. His dargah (mausoleum) in the town of Panipat is a place of pilgrimage.
His real name was Shaykh Sharfuddin but he is famous by the title Bu Ali Shah. His father, Shaykh Fakhar Uddin was a great scholar and saint of his time. He completed his studies at an early age and subsequently taught near the Qutub Minar in Delhi for 20 years. He published a collection of Persian poetry by the name of " Diwan Hazrat Sharafuddeen Bu Ali Qalandar"[2] which was later translated by Khawaja Shahudin in Punjabi. It's a great Sufi work in Persian language.[3][4] Some other famous Qalandars include Lal Shahbaz Qalandar and Shams Ali Qalandar.
Birthplace
One account says he was born in early 1209 and lived till 1324 in Panipat, India. However an epitaph on his tomb in Persian gives his birthplace as Ganja in present-day Azerbaijan; while some scholars opine that in fact, he was born near Ganjah, once a small suburb of Lahore city but now integrated in the main old city complex. He supposedly traced his descent from Numan Ibn Thabit , Abu Hanifa. His father, Sheikh Fakhar Uddin was a famous scholar of his time. His mother was Hafiza Jamal, the daughter of Maulana Nemat Ullah Hamdani. Some people also claim his father actually came from Iraq and settled down in Panipat.[5]
Tomb
The dargah (mausoleum or shrine), mosque and enclosure at the Qalandar Chowk in Panipat were constructed by Mahabat Khan, a general in the service of the Mughal Emperor Jahangir. Mahabat Khan's own tomb in red sandstone is adjacent to the saint's mausoleum. The tombs of Hakim Mukaram Khan and the Urdu poet Maulana Altaf Hussain Hali are also located within the enclosure. A nearby structure is the tomb of the last Lodi dynasty ruler of Delhi, Ibrahim Lodi, killed in the First Battle of Panipat (1526).[6]
The left wall of the mausoleum has a qasida (panegyric) embossed and painted in blue and gold, written by Zahuri Neishabouri who visited India during the reign of Akbar.
A large number of people from all walks of life - Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs and Christians - visit the tomb and offer prayers there each Thursday and during the annual Urs Mela.[7]
Legends
- Various legends exist about the saint. One legend says after the ibadah (act of obedience and submission) of 36 years standing in the water in River Chenab near Chiniot , Pakistan, he was awarded the status of "Bu Ali" (Fragrance of Ali). After achieving this Rutba (rank) he was visited by many other Sufi saints. An alternative legend to explain his name says that Muhammad appeared to him in a dream and offered him a wish. The Qalandar asked for prophethood and was told that all positions have been filled and Muhammad was the last one. He asked to be Ali and was told that position was also filled. He then asked for at least the fragrance of Ali and that wish was granted. In fact, a proper scholarly view of his name is that Bu Ali is simply another abbreviated form of the Kuniyyat Abu Ali.
Tomb of Bu Ali Shah Qalandar - One day, after coming back from his school, Bu Ali Shah threw away all of his books, and then went to look for a dervish who had given him a written note. On the third day he found him, the dervish was actually the Sufi saint Hazrat Khwaja Qutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki, the spiritual master of Hazrat Shaykh Baba Fariduddin Ganjshakar. Bu Ali requested him to accept him as his disciple. Bakhtiyar Kaki declined his request saying that he was not authorized to do so. He then said that all he could do is to take him to his spiritual teacher (murshid). After saying that, Bakhtiyar Kaki took his hand and put it on the hand of Amirul Momineen Ali. Through Ali Murtaza, he received the required spiritual training, and after finishing Bu Ali Shah became a dervish. From then on, he became famous with the title of "Bu Ali", although his real name was Sharfuddin.
References
- ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2016-12-23. Retrieved 2014-02-03.
- ↑ Shahudin, Maulavi. Diwane Bu Ali. Malik Chananuddin.
- ↑ Boota, Sohail (2007). Tazkara Aulia. Sialkot: Shahudin Academy.
- ↑ Qadri Sarwari, Mumtaz Ali. Hazeena Tul Uns. Sialkot: Zam Zama Printing Press.
- ↑ "More about the saint". http://www.aulia-e-hind.com/d. External link in
|website=(help) - ↑ Ibrahim Lodi's Tomb Archived October 22, 2016, at the Wayback Machine.
- ↑ Ali-Shah-Qalandar-14137.htm Dargah of Bu Ali-Shah-Qalandar