Sonic the Hedgehog (comics)

Sonic the Hedgehog

The cover of Sonic the Hedgehog #252
Publication information
Publisher Archie Comics
Sega of America
Schedule Monthly
Genre
Publication date November 22, 1992–July 19, 2017
No. of issues 290
Creative team
Written by Ian Flynn
Penciller(s)

Tracy Yardley
Matt Herms
Steven Butler
Jamal Peppers
Ben Bates
Jennifer Hernandez

Dawn Best
Inker(s)

Jim Amash

Terry Austin
Letterer(s)

John Workman
Teresa Davidson

Phil Felix
Colorist(s) Matt Herms
Editor(s)

Mike Pellerito (Managing Editor)
Paul Kaminski (Asst Editor)

Victor Gorelick (Editor-in-Chief)

Sonic the Hedgehog was an American comic book series published by Archie Comics, based on Sega's video game franchise, and as well as DiC's 1993 Saturday morning cartoon adaptation of the same name. Following a four issue miniseries, published from 1992 to 1993, the ongoing series Sonic the Hedgehog began with a July 1993 cover date and ended with 290 issues. In June 23, 2008, Guinness World Records formally recognized it as the longest running comic series based on a video game.[1]

The series featured a cast of hundreds of characters, both drawn from the games and original creations, and focuses on a crime-fighting organization called the Freedom Fighters (initially consisting of Sonic, Tails, Sally Acorn, Rotor Walrus, Antoine D'Coolette, and Bunnie Rabbot) facing off against series antagonist Doctor Eggman alongside a variety of other villains. While largely consisting of its own continuity, certain issues also implemented aspects of the Sonic video games as well. A 2013 lawsuit by former writer Ken Penders against Archie Comics led to the entire world of the comics being rebooted. After the lawsuit, the story moved closer to the canon of the games, with many of the characters created for the comic no longer appearing.

Spin-off publications include Sonic Universe, a series that featured stories centered on different side-characters, reaching its 75th issue as of April 2015; Knuckles the Echidna, featuring Knuckles as the main protagonist with help from his friends the Chaotix, which ran for 32 issues; and Sonic X, a comic based on the Japanese anime of the same name, which lasted 40 issues. The series also had two crossovers with Archie's Mega Man comic-book series, based on the Mega Man video games from Capcom.

The final issue of the main series was issue #290, released in December 2016. In January 2017, the series overall experienced an abrupt hiatus without any official disclosure, and on July 19, 2017, the official Sonic the Hedgehog Facebook page announced that, after 24 years, Sega and Archie Comics had concluded their relationship, ending the series.[2] Two days later, Sega announced that IDW Publishing would be releasing a new series of Sonic comics beginning in 2018.[3]

Publication history

The Sonic the Hedgehog comic debuted in the US as a four-part miniseries (cover-dated 1992 to Feb. 1993).[4][5] This was followed up a few months later by the ongoing series Sonic the Hedgehog (July 1993 – December 2016 as of April 2017 ).[6] Numerous one-shot specials and a reprint series followed.[7]

Synopsis

The comics follow the adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog and his friends, called the Freedom Fighters, who battle against the evil Doctor Eggman. Initially based on the plot of the 1993 animated series, the comic later incorporated elements from the video games and other media. Ken Penders, former writer of the comic, sued Sega, EA, and Archie Comics for copyright infringements,[8] leading to a continuity reboot with all established characters created by Penders and other writers being removed, save those of current writer Ian Flynn, who penned the new continuity, and those created directly to animated series (being that SEGA owns the rights of the characters that originated from the animated series, being their intellectual property). The new continuity is a world much more closer to the world depicted in the SEGA 's games.

The original universe, which remained focused on until the comic’s 247th issue, is set on the planet Mobius, an alternate version of Earth where animals were mutated into the anthropomorphic Mobians. Dr. Robotnik is depicted as a tyrant, ruling from Robotropolis, following a coup d’état against the Kingdom of Acorn. A small band of heroes, the Freedom Fighters, fight back against his forces from the secluded village Knothole. Amongst the group are Sonic, Miles “Tails” Prower, Princess Sally Acorn, Antoine D’Coolette, cybernetic Bunnie Rabbot, Rotor the Walrus, Amy Rose, and Sally’s handheld computer Nicole. Other allies like Knuckles the Echidna and Sonic’s Uncle Chuck join them in later chapters. Robotnik in turn is aided by his nephew Snively.

Robotnik meets his demise in the fiftieth issue, erased from existence by his own superweapon. An alternate version of Robotnik from a parallel world becomes the lead antagonist, first introduced as “Robo-Robotnik”, but later takes on the name of Dr. Eggman. New antagonists were introduced, including the evil sorcerer Ixis Naugus; Scourge the Hedgehog, Sonic’s evil counterpart from a parallel universe; and the Dark Egg Legion, a union of other factions like the Iron Dominion and the echidna-led Dark Legion. Game storylines like Sonic Adventure and Sonic Adventure 2 were adapted, introducing Shadow the Hedgehog as a recurring character.

The Xorda, an extraterrestrial race whose past actions created Mobius and unintentionally turned humans into anthropomorphic animals, try to destroy the planet. Sonic defeats them, only to end up lost in space, but returns home a year later. Sally’s father, King Maximillian, is poisoned by Antoine’s evil counterpart, Patch, and hands the throne over to his son Prince Elias. For a brief time, Snively defects to the Freedom Fighters only to betray them, bombing Knothole with the Egg Fleet. The citizens are imprisoned in the Egg Grapes, but Sonic frees them. Nicole uses nanites to create New Mobotropolis. Tails’ father Amadeus tries to bring democracy to the city, but Sally prevents a civil war by establishing the Council of Acorn, consisting of royal and public officials.

Eggman has a mental breakdown due to his failed attempts to control the planet, allowing Snively and the Iron Queen Regina Ferrum to take over his empire, leading to a lengthy war against the Freedom Fighters. Naugus comes to rule New Mobotropolis as king due to a deal Sally’s father made with him. Eggman returns to power, unleashing the Genesis Wave, altering the world, but Sonic reverses it. Sally sacrifices herself to stop Eggman’s superweapon, the World Roboticizer, and becomes a robot. The Freedom Fighters reform as Team Freedom, Team Fighters, and the Secret Freedom Fighters to combat Eggman and Naugus.

Eggman activates a second Genesis Wave, transporting himself, Sonic, and other characters into the world of Mega Man, leading to the crossover Worlds Collide. A second crossover Worlds Unite happened in 2015, featuring characters from other Sega and Capcom titles.

The current multiverse ceased to exist when Dr. Eggman launched the Super Genesis Wave in conjunction with Dr. Wily, causing the Prime Zone (Sonic's World Dimension) to be irreversibly rewritten and the multiverse surrounding it to collapse in on itself, destroying every prior known reality (with the exception of the Special Zone and the Sol Zone, Blaze's World Dimension, the latter due to the Jeweled Scepter) and creating new ones in their place.

Sonic and Dr. Eggman maintain their memories of the original continuity, which are then shared with Tails, Sally, Rotor, Antoine, Bunnie, Amy Rose, and Naugus when they make contact with Nicole. However, this world is altered by the second Genesis Wave and Earth is split apart, awakening Dark Gaia, leading to the events of Sonic Unleashed. The comic also introduces Naugus’ sister Wendy, a witch who pledges allegiance to Eggman and plots to gain the Cacophonic Conch.

The series was originally published as a four issue mini-series, with the first issue labeled as "issue 0". At the end of the fourth issue of the series, it was announced that Sonic would return in a regular series, and the next issue was published as "issue 1" of the regular series.

Alongside the main Sonic series, Archie Comics published various special issues. Longer than typical issues of the comic, these specials feature stories involving Sonic and other related characters. Several miniseries have also been published, featuring characters such as Sally, Tails and Knuckles.

Because of the popularity of the specials and Miniseries featuring Knuckles, in 1997, Knuckles the Echidna became an ongoing series. Knuckles' stories featured its own cast of characters, including the Chaotix. In 1999, the series was canceled, but the stories were continued in the pages of Sonic the Hedgehog until it was phased out completely by Sonic issue 125. In this form, a typical issue of Sonic included a Sonic story and a second, shorter Knuckles story afterwards, though eventually this phased out as well.

In order to allow for stories that focused more on side characters than primarily on Sonic-most notably the other characters featured in the Sega games-the Sonic Universe comic line was introduced. This series has included a wide range of characters previously introduced in other comic issues, as well as allowing for the introduction of additional characters to the comic cast. Typically, the series is broken up into four-issue long story arcs focusing on a select character or group of characters, though one-issue stories have also been released.

Archie has also produced two Sonic series based on other branches of the Sonic franchise, namely the Sonic X anime and the Sonic Boom cartoon. The Sonic X series began in September 2005, and ended after forty issues, the last of which featured a crossover story with the main Sonic the Hedgehog series that served as a prequel to the first Sonic Universe issue. The Sonic Boom line began in October 2014, and was later incorporated into Worlds Unite before concluding with its eleventh issue in September 2015.

The Archie Sonic series has also produced several Free Comic Book Day issues, which typically feature either reprints of older issues or new stories that fit into the series continuity. Since 2013 these issues have served as a combination free comic special with the Mega Man series; a free Sonic issue serving as a prequel to Sonic Lost World was also released in 2013 for Halloween Comic Fest. Various compilations have also been put together, such as the Sonic Saga Series, Sonic Archives and Knuckles Archives, Sonic the Hedgehog, Sonic Universe and standalone graphic novels, Sonic Legacy, Best of Sonic the Hedgehog, Sonic Super Digest and Sonic Super Special Magazine. Following Worlds Collide the latter two series and the Free Comic Book Day issues began featuring stories in a series entitled "Sonic Comic Origins", which detailed the histories of various characters in the post-reboot continuity.

A short, three panel comic strip similar to those found in a newspaper at the end of some issues called Off-Panel. It was originally found in the main series of comics, and was later continued in the spinoff series Sonic Universe. Earlier strips involved fictional version of staff interacting with comic characters, while later strips removed this element, it always retains elements of comical gags relating to the issues main story, often containing fourth wall breaking.

Characters

Sega cast

Game protagonists

Game antagonists

Game organizations and ethnicity

Characters from animated series

Protagonists

Antagonists

Comics-exclusive heroes

Freedom Fighters

Relatives

Other protagonists

Comics-exclusive antagonists

Teams

Organizations

Series and reissues

Development

Shortly after Archie Comics acquired the rights to produce the comic series, editor Daryl Edelman approached writer Michael Gallagher (whom he worked with at the time on Betty and Veronica) via a phone call on July 23, 1992 to write stories for the comic. Edelman believed that Gallagher would be well-suited writing for the comic for several reasons, one of them being his work over at Marvel Comics. After briefly discussing the series' concept and that the four-issue miniseries would have three self-contained stories in each issue, Gallagher was told by Edelman to "establish the characters quickly through strong exposition" using "visuals from the game" (which would be faxed to him) and needed the first script in a week. Gallagher then took the job and went to work after receiving a full page of "Sonic Line Art" (showing the character in various poses), four pages of model sheets showing illustrations of the characters, and three pages of character descriptions, locations, and the series' back story. He later stated that the characters eventually became "very familiar to him and began to suggest their own stories". After the miniseries, he ceased being the only writer of the issues, though he continued to contribute throughout its run.[9]

Reception

The comic has been received positively. Destructoid praised the comic series, especially the earlier issues during the 1990s, for adding more backstory and character interaction than was presented in the Sonic video games for the Sega Genesis.[10]

See also

Notes

    References

    1. "Sonic the Hedgehog enter Book of World Records". Archie Comic. 2008-07-07. Archived from the original on September 12, 2008. Retrieved 2008-09-13.
    2. "Sonic The Hedgehog". www.facebook.com.
    3. Hedgehog, Sonic the (21 July 2017). "SEGA and IDW are thrilled to announce a partnership to bring Sonic Comics to fans new and old. The new series arrives 2018!pic.twitter.com/neT3oAMNUE". twitter.com.
    4. Sonic the Hedgehog (Archie, 1992 Series) at the Grand Comics Database.
    5. Sonic the Hedgehog (Archie, 1993 Series) at the Grand Comics Database.
    6. Sonic the Hedgehog (Archie, 1993 Series) at the Grand Comics Database.
    7. Sonic the Hedgehog comics at the Grand Comics Database.
    8. Oliver, Tristan (June 3, 2011). "Inside Ken Penders’s Copyright Lawsuit Against Sega, EA". The Sonic Stadium. Retrieved 6 January 2017.
    9. Sonic the Hedgehog: The Beginning. Archie Comics. 2003. pp. 4, 5. ISBN 1-879794-12-8.
    10. "Expanded Universes: Sonic the Hedgehog comics and cartoon". Destructoid.
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