Bror Hayil
| Bror Hayil בְּרוֹר חַיִל | |
|---|---|
|
Synagogue of Bror Hayil | |
  Bror Hayil | |
| Coordinates: 31°33′27.72″N 34°38′49.19″E / 31.5577000°N 34.6469972°ECoordinates: 31°33′27.72″N 34°38′49.19″E / 31.5577000°N 34.6469972°E | |
| District | Southern |
| Council | Sha'ar HaNegev |
| Affiliation | Kibbutz Movement |
| Founded |
2nd century (classic village) 10 April 1948 (kibbutz) |
| Founded by | Egyptian Jews |
| Population (2015)[1] | 880 |
Bror Hayil (Hebrew: בְּרוֹר חַיִל) is a kibbutz in southern Israel. Located near Sderot, it falls under the jurisdiction of Sha'ar HaNegev Regional Council. In 2015 it had a population of 880.[1]
Etymology
The name Bror Hayil means "selection of soldiers." It may be associated with the Bar Kokhba revolt against the Romans in the first half of the 2nd century CE.[2]
History
A Jewish village called Bror Hayil existed during the Talmudic era, and was the site of yeshiva headed by rabbi Johanan ben Zakai.[3] According to the Talmud, candlelight at night in Bror Hayil was a sign that a male child had been born.[2]
Bror Hayil was the only Jewish village founded between the UN Partition Plan on 29 November 1947 and the Israeli Declaration of Independence on 14 May 1948.[4] Its establishment required a number of stages; on 10 April 1948, a group of Jewish immigrants from Egypt set up a camp in the area on land purchased by the Jewish National Fund,[5] with the procedure resembling the "Tower and stockade" settlement operation from the time of the 1936–39 Arab revolt. A few days later, the New York Times reported:
The Jews yesterday [April 19] founded a new settlement called Brur Hayal at the edge of the Negeb desert, in that part of southern Palestine where Egyptian volunteers are reported to be preparing a “second front’’. The colonists are veterans who served with the British Army during World II. They drove a convoy of twenty-four armored trucks to a hilltop situated less than a mile from Arab village of Bureir during the night. When the Arabs awoke they found the Jews setting up prefabricated houses and building a defensive wall and watchtower. The Arabs promptly opened fire, but by noon the houses and the wall were in place.[6]
The nearby Arab village of Burayr was depopulated during the war and the kibbutz subsequently expanded onto its land.[7][8]
After many of the Egyptian Jewish founders left, it became the target kibbutz of the Brazilian branch of the Zionist youth movement Dror, and later Habonim Dror.[9] Today, many residents are immigrants from Brazil.[5] In 2012, Brazil's foreign minister Antonio Patriota visited Bror Hayil.[10]
Economy
In addition to its agricultural pursuits, the kibbutz runs a pizza factory in partnership with the Soglowek group.[11] Many residents work outside the kibbutz, at various factories and plants in Sderot, the Sha'ar HaNegev Educational Campus, Sapir College and Amdocs.[9]
The Ben Shushan winery, established by agronomist Yuval Ben-Shoshan, released its first wine from the vintage of 1998. It uses grapes raised in the desert for its Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot, as well as grapes from Kerem Ben Zimra in the Galilee. The winery produces 10,000 bottles annually in three series, Kfar Shamai, Har'el and Avdat.[12]
Culture
The kibbutz has a museum of Brazilian heritage and music. One of the exhibits is the gavel used by the president of the UN General Assembly in 1948, Osvaldo Aranha of Brazil, who supported the creation of the State of Israel.[10]
Notable residents
References
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bror Hayil. |
- 1 2 "List of localities, in Alphabetical order" (PDF). Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 16 October 2016.
- 1 2 Evyatar Friesel (1996) The Days and the Seasons: Memoirs Wayne State University Press, p44
- ↑ Haim H Ben-Sasson (1969) A History of the Jewish People Harvard University Press, p332
- ↑ HaReuveni, Immanuel (1999). Lexicon of the Land of Israel (in Hebrew). Miskal - Yedioth Ahronoth Books and Chemed Books. pp. 159–160. ISBN 965-448-413-7.
- 1 2 Vilnai, Ze'ev (1976). "Bror Hayil". Ariel Encyclopedia (in Hebrew). Volume 1. Tel Aviv, Israel: Am Oved. pp. 1024–25.
- ↑ Dana Adams Schmidt (April 21, 1948). "Big convoy fights way to Jerusalem". New York Times. p. 18.
- ↑ Morris, Benny (2004). The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-00967-6. Morris, 2004, p. xx, settlement #6.
- ↑ Khalidi, Walid (1992), All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948, Washington D.C.: Institute for Palestine Studies, p. 92, ISBN 0-88728-224-5
- 1 2 Bror Hayil Negev Information Centre
- 1 2 Brazil's FM visits 'Brazilian kibbutz' Ynetnews, 10 December 2012
- ↑ Soglowek to invest NIS 30m in expanding Beror Hayil pizza factory Globes, 28 March 2004
- ↑ Three Israeli Wineries: Meishar, Ben Shoshan, Red Poetry Israel Wineries, 28 October 2009