Interstate 278

Interstate 278 marker

Interstate 278

A map of New York City with major roads. I-278 runs southwest to northeast across the city.

Map of New York City with I-278 highlighted in red
Route information
Auxiliary route of I‑78
Maintained by NJDOT, PANYNJ, NYSDOT, NYCDOT, and MTAB&T
Length: 35.62 mi[1][2] (57.32 km)
Existed: 1961 – present
Major junctions
West end: US 1-9 in Linden, NJ
  I-95 / N.J. Turnpike in Elizabeth, NJ
NY 440 in Staten Island, NY
Belt Parkway in Brooklyn, NY
I-478 in Brooklyn, NY
I-495 in Queens, NY
Grand Central Parkway in Queens, NY
I-87 in Bronx, NY
I-895 in Bronx, NY
Bronx River Parkway in Bronx, NY
East end: I-95 / I-295 / I-678 / Hutchinson River Parkway in Bronx, NY
Location
States: New Jersey, New York
Counties: NJ: Union
NY: Richmond, Kings, Queens, New York, Bronx
Highway system
← Route 208NJI-280 →
← NY 277NYNY 278 →

Interstate 278 (I-278) is an auxiliary Interstate Highway in New Jersey and New York in the United States. The road runs 35.62 miles (57.32 km) from U.S. Route 1/9 (US 1/9) in Linden, New Jersey to the Bruckner Interchange in the New York City borough of the Bronx. The majority of I-278 is in New York City, where it serves as a partial beltway and passes through all five of the city's boroughs.[3] I-278 follows several freeways, including the Union Freeway in Union County, New Jersey, the Staten Island Expressway (SIE) across Staten Island, the Gowanus Expressway in southern Brooklyn, the Brooklyn–Queens Expressway (BQE) across northern Brooklyn and Queens, a small part of the Grand Central Parkway in Queens, and a part of the Bruckner Expressway in the Bronx. I-278 also crosses multiple bridges, including the Goethals Bridge, the Verrazano Narrows Bridge, the Kosciuszko Bridge and the Triborough Bridge.

Despite its number, I-278 does not connect to I-78. There were once plans to extend I-278 west to I-78 east of the Route 24 interchange in Springfield, New Jersey. This was canceled because of opposition from the communities along the route. The segment that does exist in New Jersey was opened in 1969. There were also plans to extend I-78 east across Manhattan and into Brooklyn via the Williamsburg Bridge; this would have been a second location where the two highways would have interchanged, but these plans were also thwarted. In New York, the various parts of I-278 were planned by Robert Moses, an urban planner in New York City. Some of these completed segments predated the Interstate Highway System and are thus not up to standards. Over the years, portions of I-278 have required upgrading. In addition, they tore through many New York City neighborhoods, causing controversy. All of I-278 through New York City was completed by the 1960s. I-87 was once planned to follow the segment of I-278 between the Williamsburg Bridge and the Major Deegan Expressway, but this ultimately became a part of I-278. In addition, the Bruckner Expressway portion of I-278 had been designated with different route numbers. At first, it was to be I-895 between I-87 and the Sheridan Expressway and I-678 past there. Later, I-278 was planned to follow the Bruckner Expressway and the Sheridan Expressway to I-95 (with no route number for the Bruckner Expressway past there) before the current numbering took place by 1970, with I-895 designated onto the Sheridan Expressway.

Route description

Lengths
  mikm
NJ 2.00 3.22[1]
NY 33.62 54.11[2]
Total 35.62 57.32

New Jersey

The west end of I-278 in New Jersey

The New Jersey segment of I-278 begins in Linden, Union County at the junction with US 1 and US 9 (US 1-9), where it merges into the southbound direction of that road. The freeway heads east and carries two lanes in each direction, with the eastbound direction widening to three lanes.[1] I-278 runs between urban residential areas to the north and the Bayway Refinery to the south as it continues into Elizabeth.[1][4] In this area, the road meets Route 439 and the New Jersey Turnpike (I-95) at the only intermediate interchange that I-278 has in New Jersey.[1] This short length is sometimes called the Union Freeway. After the New Jersey Turnpike, I-278 turns southeast and crosses the Arthur Kill on the four-lane Goethals Bridge to Staten Island, a borough of New York City. This bridge is maintained by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey.[1][4]

Staten Island Expressway

Upon coming onto Staten Island, I-278 becomes the Staten Island Expressway.[4] After the Goethals Bridge, the highway has a toll plaza serving the bridge. At this point, the freeway becomes eight lanes and maintained by the New York State Department of Transportation, coming to an exit for Western Avenue and Forest Avenue before reaching a directional interchange with New York State Route 440 (NY 440, named the West Shore Expressway). NY 440 forms a concurrency with I-278 and the road heads into residential neighborhoods. The road carries four lanes eastbound and three lanes westbound as it comes to the exit serving Richmond Avenue. Immediately after, NY 440 splits from the Staten Island Expressway at a large interchange, heading north on the Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Expressway.[2][4] This interchange also provides access to Victory Boulevard.[2] East of this point, the expressway gains a bus lane in each direction. The six-lane I-278 turns to the east past this point, with Gannon Avenue serving as a frontage road, and reaches the Bradley Avenue exit.[2][4]

A view from the center of a freeway, looking across to homes on a wooded hill
Homes along the Staten Island Expressway

The next interchange the Staten Island Expressway is with Todt Hill Road and Slosson Avenue.[2] This exchange was the original terminal of the bus lane in each direction that also serves as a high-occupancy vehicle lane that was built in 2005.[5] After Todt Hill Road, I-278 runs through a wooded area where it comes to an incomplete interchange that was to be the northern terminus of the Richmond Parkway.[4][6] The road continues back into residential areas and comes to an interchange serving Clove Road and Richmond Road.[2][4] The next interchange the freeway has is with Hylan Boulevard.[2] A short distance later, the Staten Island Expressway comes to a large interchange that serves Lily Pond Road and Bay Street. Immediately after, I-278 reaches the toll plaza for the Verrazano Narrows Bridge.[2][4] Following the toll plaza, I-278 goes onto the Verrazano Narrows Bridge linking to Brooklyn over the Narrows. This bridge, which is maintained by the Triborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority, has six lanes on the lower level and six lanes on the upper level.[4][7] In addition to local traffic on Staten Island, the expressway provides the most direct route from Brooklyn and Long Island to New Jersey. It is widely known throughout the New York area as one of the most congested roads in the city.[8]

Gowanus Expressway

An elevated freeway in a city with bicyclists riding on it
The Gowanus Expressway in 2008

After the Verrazano Narrows Bridge, I-278 continues into Brooklyn on the Gowanus Expressway. Immediately after the bridge, the freeway comes to an eastbound exit and westbound entrance for the Belt Parkway. After this, a full interchange serves 92nd Street at which point I-278 becomes a single-level six-lane freeway. Along this road, one of the eastbound lanes serves as a high-occupancy vehicle lane.[9] The Gowanus Expressway continues northeast into urban residential neighborhoods and reaches an eastbound interchange at Fort Hamilton Parkway and a westbound interchange at 86th Street. Turning more to the north, I-278 comes to a partial interchange at 65th Street, with an exit eastbound and entrance eastbound. The road curves northwest at this point and comes to a directional interchange providing access to 3rd Avenue and the Belt Parkway.[2][4] The Gowanus Expressway turns northeast again at this interchange and continues along an elevated alignment through urban residential and commercial areas.[4] Along this viaduct, I-278 has interchanges with 38th Street/39th Street and the western terminus of NY 27 (Prospect Expressway). After the NY 27 interchange, the freeway widens to eight lanes and heads north, coming to an interchange with the Brooklyn–Battery Tunnel approach (I-478), with the exit ramps splitting from the median of I-278. Westbound access to the tunnel is provided by the Hamilton Avenue exit.[2][4]

In this area, the freeway passes over the Gowanus Canal, an extremely polluted canal that was once used for shipping, and has been designated a Superfund Site by the Environmental Protection Agency.

Brooklyn–Queens Expressway

I-278 southbound approaching Brooklyn Civic Center

At this interchange, I-278 heads north onto the six-lane Brooklyn–Queens Expressway, passing through urban neighborhoods near downtown Brooklyn on a depressed alignment.[4] The next interchange the highway reaches serves Atlantic Avenue.[2] After Atlantic Avenue, the road runs along the East River harbor in downtown Brooklyn/Brooklyn Heights and is partially covered to create the Brooklyn Heights Promenade.[4] I-278, at this point maintained by the New York City Department of Transportation, makes a sharp turn to the east away from the East River and comes to an interchange serving the Brooklyn Bridge and Cadman Plaza.[2][4][10] The freeway continues on an elevated alignment and makes a turn southeast as it comes to ramps accessing the Manhattan Bridge.[2][4] The highway becomes state maintained again and reaches at an exit serving Tillary Street and Flushing Avenue.[2][10] At this point, the Brooklyn–Queens Expressway continues east through residential areas and turns northeast upon coming to the Wythe Avenue/Kent Avenue exit. The road passes through the Williamsburg neighborhood on a depressed alignment, reaching an interchange that serves the Williamsburg Bridge, with an exit at Metropolitan Avenue a short distance later. I-278 becomes elevated again as it passes through more neighborhoods and comes to the interchange with Humboldt Street/McGuinness Boulevard. The Brooklyn–Queens Expressway enters more industrial areas as it comes to Meeker Avenue/Morgan Avenue.[2][4]

A congested elevated freeway passing through an area of urban high rise buildings
The expressway rising to its elevated section in Brooklyn

I-278 crosses the Newtown Creek into Queens on the Kosciuszko Bridge. Upon entering Queens, the Brooklyn–Queens Expressway runs north between residential neighborhoods to the east and Calvary Cemetery to the west before coming to an interchange with I-495.[2][4] After I-495, the freeway makes a turn to the east, passing over homes before crossing over New Calvary Cemetery.[4] The road turns northeast through more urban neighborhoods and reaches an interchange at NY 25 (Queens Boulevard).[2][4] At this point, I-278 becomes city maintained again and passes under the Long Island Rail Road's Main Line as it continues into a depressed alignment.[4][10] The Brooklyn–Queens Expressway turns north as it comes to the exit for Broadway and Roosevelt Avenue. I-278 heads back onto a viaduct and comes to a single-point urban interchange at NY 25A. A short distance past NY 25A, the freeway splits into east and west segments with four lanes each that respectively merge into the Grand Central Parkway east- and west-bound; Astoria Blvd is accessible from either;[2][4] both legs receive interstate highway funding.[11]

Grand Central Parkway and RFK Bridge

I-278 turns west to run along the eight-lane state-maintained Grand Central Parkway, with Astoria Boulevard (and Hoyt Avenue later on) serving as a frontage road.[4][10] The frontage road serves as a truck route since large trucks are not permitted on the Grand Central. (Since November 2003, small trucks have been allowed on the Grand Central, an exception to the law prohibiting trucks on parkways in New York State.) The road runs along a depressed alignment, passing under Amtrak's Northeast Corridor.[4] At the 31st Street interchange, the Grand Central Parkway overlap ends, and I-278 continues northwest as an eight-lane freeway over neighborhoods.[2][4] The road crosses the Hell Gate on the Robert F. Kennedy Bridge, maintained by the Triborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority, and comes onto Wards Island, which is a part of the borough of Manhattan.[4][7] On Wards Island, the road heads north through Wards Island Park and passes to the east of Manhattan Psychiatric Center as it heads onto Randall's Island.[4] I-278 comes to a toll plaza before an interchange that provides access to Franklin D. Roosevelt Drive by way of another segment of the Robert F. Kennedy Bridge over the Harlem River. After this interchange, the Triborough Bridge carries the route over the Bronx Kill into the Bronx.[2][4]

Bruckner Expressway

Eastbound I-278 in the Bronx, at the exit for I-895

In the Bronx, I-278 becomes the Bruckner Expressway and reaches an interchange with the southern terminus of I-87 (Major Deegan Expressway).[2] At this point, the Bruckner Expressway heads northeast on a six-lane elevated alignment through industrial areas with some residences, paralleling the Northeast Corridor.[4] Along this section, there is a westbound exit and eastbound entrance for 138th Street.[2] I-895 splits from the eastbound direction of I-278 as the Bruckner Expressway makes a turn to the east into residential and commercial neighborhoods on a surface alignment, crossing the Bronx River on a drawbridge.[2][4] The road has an interchange at Hunts Point Avenue before coming to the Bronx River Parkway. Continuing east, the road has an exit serving White Plains Road and Castle Hill Avenue.[2] I-278's eastern terminus is at the Bruckner Interchange further to the east. Here, the Bruckner Expressway becomes I-95 and continues towards the New England Thruway. At this interchange, I-278 also has access to I-295, I-678, and the Hutchinson River Parkway.[2][4] Legally, the New York section of I-278 is defined as part of Interstate Route Connector 512 and all of Interstate Route Connector 518 in New York Highway Law § 340-a.[12]

History

New Jersey

The New Jersey portion of freeway was planned in 1955 as the Union Freeway and designated as I-278 in 1958. It was to connect the Goethals Bridge west to I-78 at the tripoint of Springfield, Union Township, and Millburn.[13][14] The western part of this planned freeway faced strong opposition. Even though it was to run along an abandoned railroad right-of-way, it would traverse through dense development in Roselle Park, Kenilworth, and Union Township, thereby making the project further disliked.[15][16][17] By 1967, state officials decided not to pursue the continuation of I-278, and used the funds for I-278 to build I-195 across Central New Jersey instead.[18] Meanwhile, I-278 was built between US 1/9 in Linden and the Goethals Bridge, opening to traffic in 1969 at a cost of $11.5 million.[19]

The Union Freeway Extension was revived again, and was to start at US 1/9, but end at I-287 in Hanover Township, following the Route 24 freeway between I-78 and I-287. Nevertheless, the Federal Highway Administration rejected the proposal, thus ending the I-278 project.[20]

Staten Island Expressway

The brand-new exit 15 on the Staten Island Expressway eastbound that opened on July 9, 2012

The Staten Island Expressway was first planned in 1941 as the Cross-Richmond Express Highway, a freeway connecting the Goethals and Verrazano bridges that was a part of a comprehensive system of freeways and parkways for the borough of Staten Island.[21] In 1945, Robert Moses took over planning for the freeway and called it the Clove Lakes Expressway.[22] The plan received approval in stages through the mid-1950s and construction on the expressway began in 1959.[15][23] By this time, the Staten Island Expressway had received the I-278 designation.[13]

The construction of the Staten Island Expressway was particularly noted for the massive movement of earth required to build the section of the highway between Clove Road and Price Street (now Narrows Road North, a service road of the expressway) between Grymes Hill and Emerson Hill. The earth removed from the cut in the hill was placed in a remote section of central Staten Island adjacent to Sea View Hospital and has since been nicknamed "Moses Mountain," as a backhanded compliment to the highway's builder.[24] Originally Moses intended for a spur of the expressway to follow the central ridge of the island, to connect with the Outerbridge Crossing. But local opposition to this spur was tremendous, and unlike previous projects by Moses, it was defeated when Mayor John V. Lindsay took office in 1966; the southern half of this proposed spur did get built, however, and was opened for traffic as the Richmond Parkway, which was to have been the name of the entire roadway.[6] The aborted section, from the Expressway to Richmond Avenue, has become part of the park system of New York City known as the Staten Island Greenbelt.[6] A ramp stub of an interchange on the expressway still exists cut into the hills of Todt Hill. Part of the trail system of the Greenbelt was using the abandoned overpass bridge as pedestrian crossing of the Expressway up until 2013, when it was dismantled for lane widening improvements.[4][25]

The first link of the Staten Island Expressway opened in January 1964, from the Goethals Bridge to Victory Boulevard. The remainder opened later that year. The freeway had a total cost of $47 million.[26] In 1998, bus lanes were created on the eastern part of the Staten Island Expressway near the Verrazano Narrows Bridge; they were extended west to Todt Hill Road/Slosson Avenue in 2005.[27][28] In 2008, the bus lanes were opened to high-occupancy vehicles during rush hours.[5]

It was announced in July 2008 that a major project to improve the notoriously bad traffic conditions on the expressway is expected to commence in spring of 2010 at a cost of $50 million. Included in the project is the construction of six new on- and off-ramps, improvements to and relocations of existing on- and off-ramps, and other improvements to surrounding roads. This comes following numerous minor improvements to alleviate traffic, such as time/distance displays and designated bus lanes.[25] A brand-new exit 15, which served Lily Pond Avenue and Bay Street on the eastern end of Staten Island opened to traffic on July 9, 2012, replacing a former exit further to the east. Signage would also be changed to reflect Fingerboard Road and Lily Pond Avenue rather than Lily Pond and Bay Street.[29] On January 17, 2013, it was announced that the westbound exit 13 was permanently closed in favor of a new interchange setup, which involved two new ramps, exit 13B for Richmond Road and Targee Street and exit 13A for Clove Road and Richmond Road.[30]

Gowanus Expressway

An elevated four lane freeway in an urban area as it appeared in 1954
The original Gowanus Expressway in 1954, before widening. This part was built on the BMT Third Avenue Elevated

The Gowanus Expressway was initially the Gowanus Parkway, first planned in the 1930s.[31] Construction of the road, overseen by Robert Moses, started in 1939, with the parkway being built on top of the BMT Third Avenue Line. The parkway was completed in 1941 and became part of a Belt Parkway that received the NY 27A designation.[32] The Gowanus Parkway was to be reconstructed into the Gowanus Expressway in the 1950s to connect the Verrazano Narrows Bridge to the Brooklyn–Battery Tunnel. This road was initially planned to be twelve lanes with a 3–3-3–3 configuration, but was reduced to six lanes to reduce disruption to the Bay Ridge neighborhood.[22] The Gowanus Expressway was incorporated into the Interstate Highway System and became a component of I-278.[13] The improvements to the Gowanus Expressway into a six-lane freeway configuration was completed in 1964 with a $100 million price tag.[26] The NY 27A designation was removed from the Gowanus Expressway by 1970.[33][34]

By 2000, a high-occupancy vehicle lane was added to the eastbound Gowanus Expressway to serve traffic heading toward Manhattan.[9] Over the years, the viaduct structure of the Gowanus Expressway has deteriorated.[35] In 1998, a $16 million feasibility study for a tunnel for the Gowanus Expressway was awarded.[36] The New York State Department of Transportation was considering putting the road in a tunnel,[37] but in November 2011 the Federal Highway Administration canceled the project.[38] The viaduct's vertical steel supports show material missing due to rust,[39] but the federal government promises it won't collapse.[40]

Brooklyn–Queens Expressway

The Brooklyn–Queens Expressway was initially planned in 1936 as the Brooklyn–Queens Connecting Highway, a link between the Gowanus Parkway and the Triborough Bridge.[41] A part of the Brooklyn–Queens Connecting Highway, namely the Kosciuszko Bridge and the viaducts leading to the bridge, opened in 1939 between Meeker Avenue and NY 25. In 1940, Moses proposed an expressway between Queens and Brooklyn to relieve local streets of congestion from the Manhattan and Williamsburg Bridges.[42] A section between the Williamsburg and Kosciuszko bridges opened on May 25, 1950;[43] the road in its entirety was completed in 1964 at a cost of $137 million.[44][45] Construction of the Brooklyn–Queens Expressway, overseen by Moses, tore through many residential neighborhoods in Brooklyn and Queens instead of following the East River.[24][46]

A freeway in a trench through an urban area, with a church visible in the background
Climbing out of trench in Carroll Gardens, Brooklyn and passing St. Stephens to head south for Gowanus Canal

In 1958, existing segments of the expressway were eligible for interstate highway funding. For a short time, the segment of highway between the Triborough Bridge and the Williamsburg Bridge was to be designated I-87 and continue north as the Major Deegan Expressway. By 1959, the I-278 designation was given to the entire length of the highway.[13] Since the roadway was constructed prior to modern expressway standards, the road needed to be upgraded to meet these standards. By the 1990s, a major multiyear project beginning in the 1980s brought upgrades to the Brooklyn–Queens Expressway.[47]

In 1999, a proposal surfaced to put the Brooklyn–Queens Expressway in a tunnel.[48] In the early 2000s, the expressway underwent another upgrade project that replaced the viaduct within downtown Brooklyn and Fort Greene.[49] Simultaneously, the Queens section of the BQE between Queens Boulevard and 25th Avenue was also renovated.[50] The Koscisuzko Bridge was replaced from 2014 to 2017, eliminating a major bottleneck along the BQE.[51] By 2020, another upgrade will renovate the section of the BQE in Brooklyn Heights underneath the aging Brooklyn Heights Promenade structure.[52] A second span of the Kosciuszko Bridge would open the same year, adding more lanes to the BQE across the bridge.[51]

The Brooklyn–Queens Expressway was designed by Moses, who had originally planned for the two-tiered section in Brooklyn Heights to go straight through Hicks Street, then connect to the Brooklyn Bridge at Adams Street. Another route that was proposed by Moses would have continued up Hicks Street past Atlantic Avenue, removing all the buildings on one side of Court Street, then curving east into Tillary Street (at Cadman Plaza). The Brooklyn Heights Association was able to fight these proposed routes, which created the two-tiered section above Furman Street with the Promenade over it. A tunnel has been proposed to replace the Promenade, but this has been unable to get support or funds.[53]

The brief portion of I-278 that concurs with the Grand Central Parkway between the Brooklyn–Queens Expressway and the Triborough Bridge opened in the 1930s.[54]

Bruckner Expressway

Looking east at the Bruckner Expressway over the Soundview Bridge from the westbound service road.

The Bruckner Expressway was originally the Bruckner Boulevard, designated as part of NY 1A.[55][56][57] In the 1930s, a freeway was planned on the Bruckner Boulevard alignment in order to provide a connection between the Triborough Bridge and a freeway leading north into Westchester County.[21][41] Moses took over planning for the road in 1951 and called for an elevated freeway between the Triborough Bridge and the Bronx River and a depressed freeway east of there.[58] Construction on the elevated Bruckner Expressway began in 1957 while it started on the depressed segment in 1959. The depressed portion was opened in 1961 while the elevated portion of the Bruckner Expressway was opened in 1962.[59] In 1972, the large Bruckner Interchange was finished, completing the route.[60] Over the years, the I-278 portion of the Bruckner Expressway has had different designations. When the Interstate Highway System was first created, the road was to be part of I-895 from I-87 to the Sheridan Expressway and I-678 from there to I-95.[13] Later, I-278 was planned to follow the Bruckner Expressway from I-87 to the Sheridan Expressway, where it would continue on that freeway to I-95, while the Bruckner Expressway was not designated an interstate north of there.[33] By 1970, I-278 was aligned onto its current alignment, with I-895 created along the Sheridan Expressway.[34]

Exit list

StateCountyLocationmi[1][2][61]kmOld exitNew exitDestinationsNotes
New JerseyUnionLinden0.000.00– US 1-9 south – LindenWestern terminus; proposed link approved by the Port Authority would allow access to US 1-9 north[62]
Elizabeth1.011.63– Route 439 (Bayway Avenue) to US 1-9 north – Elizabeth, Linden
1.201.93– I-95 / N.J. TurnpikeExit 13 on I-95 / NJ Turnpike
Arthur Kill2.00
0.00		3.22
0.00		Goethals Bridge (eastbound toll)
New YorkRichmondStaten Island1.602.573Western AvenueWestbound exit and eastbound entrance
1.702.744Forest AvenueEastbound exit and westbound entrance
1.832.955 NY 440 south (West Shore Expressway) – Outerbridge CrossingWestern terminus of concurrency with NY 440
1.903.066South AvenueWestbound exit and eastbound entrance
2.043.287Richmond Avenue
2.744.418Victory BoulevardEastbound exit and westbound entrance
2.934.729 NY 440 north (Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Expressway) – Bayonne BridgeEastern terminus of concurrency with NY 440; exit 10 on NY 440
2.744.4110Victory BoulevardWestbound exit and eastbound entrance
3.445.5411Bradley Avenue
4.787.6912Todt Hill Road / Slosson Avenue
5.739.2213Clove Road / Richmond Road / Targee Street / Hylan BoulevardSigned as exits 13A (Clove) and 13B (Richmond / Targee) westbound; Hylan Boulevard only accessible eastbound
7.3411.8114Narrows Road west / Fingerboard Road / Hylan Boulevard
7.5812.2015Fingerboard Road / Lily Pond Avenue – South BeachSigned as exits 15S (south) and 15N (north) westbound
The Narrows8.8814.29Verrazano-Narrows Bridge (westbound toll)
KingsBrooklyn8.6413.9016 Belt Parkway east – Kennedy AirportEastbound exit and westbound entrance; exit 3 on Belt Parkway
9.8415.841792nd Street – Bay Ridge
10.4716.8518Fort Hamilton ParkwayEastbound exit and westbound entrance
10.8917.531986th StreetWestbound exit and eastbound entrance
11.1817.99207th Avenue / 65th Street / 6th Avenue
11.9319.2021Third AvenueEastbound exit and westbound entrance
12.6520.3622 Belt Parkway eastWestbound exit and eastbound entrance; western terminus of the Belt Parkway
13.9222.402338th Street / 39th StreetNo entrance ramps
14.2923.0024 NY 27 east (Prospect Expressway)No westbound entrance from NY 27; western terminus of NY 27
15.0624.2426A25Hugh L. Carey Tunnel (I-478) – ManhattanEastbound exit and westbound entrance; westbound exit is via exit 26
15.1424.3726B26Hamilton AvenueSigned westbound for Hugh L. Carey Tunnel – Manhattan
16.1225.9427Atlantic Avenue
16.7426.9428ACadman Plaza WestSigned as exit 28 westbound
17.2027.6828BBrooklyn BridgeWestbound exit is via exit 28
17.4728.1229AManhattan BridgeWestbound exit is via exit 29
18.1029.1329BTillary Street – Brooklyn Civic CenterSigned as exit 29 westbound
18.6830.0630Flushing AvenueEastbound exit and westbound entrance
19.3231.0931Wythe Avenue / Kent AvenueWestbound exit and eastbound entrance
19.8531.9532AWilliamsburg Bridge – ManhattanEastbound exit is via exit 32
20.4132.8532BMetropolitan AvenueSigned as exit 32 eastbound
20.6033.1533Humboldt Street / McGuinness BoulevardEastbound exit and westbound entrance
21.8035.0834Meeker Avenue / Morgan AvenueWestbound exit and eastbound entrance
Newtown Creek22.1035.57Kosciuszko Bridge
QueensLong Island City22.40–
22.90		36.05–
36.85		35 I-495 (Long Island Expressway) / 48th Street / Greenpoint Avenue – Midtown Tunnel, Eastern Long IslandWestbound exit to I-495 east is via service road; no eastbound entrance from I-495 west; exit 17 on I-495
Woodside23.3037.503639 NY 25 (Queens Boulevard) / 65th Place / 58th StreetSigned as exits 39A (west) and 39B (east) westbound
23.8738.423740Broadway / Roosevelt Avenue
Jackson Heights24.4839.403841 NY 25A (Northern Boulevard)
24.6639.693942 Grand Central Parkway east – LaGuardia AirportEastbound exit and westbound entrance; exit 4 on Grand Central Parkway
25.3040.72404330th AvenueEastbound exit and westbound entrance
Astoria25.5741.154144Astoria Boulevard westEastbound exit and westbound entrance
26.0141.864– Grand Central Parkway east – LaGuardia AirportEastern terminus of concurrency with the Grand Central Parkway; westbound exit and eastbound entrance
26.3742.4434531st Street / Astoria BoulevardWestern terminus of the Grand Central Parkway
East River27.1143.63Robert F. Kennedy Bridge (suspension span)
New YorkRandall's Island27.5844.3946ARandall's IslandWestbound exit only
28.1845.3546 FDR Drive – Manhattan, Randall's IslandToll collected in both directions on I-278 mainline and on Manhattan exit
Hell Gate28.6046.03Robert F. Kennedy Bridge (truss span)
BronxMott Haven28.8946.494447 I-87 north (Major Deegan Expressway) – AlbanySouthern terminus of I-87
29.4947.464548East 138th StreetWestbound entrance closed
Hunts Point30.7849.544649 I-895 north (Sheridan Expressway) to East 177th StreetEastbound exit and westbound entrance; southern terminus of I-895
31.1850.1850Hunts Point Avenue – Hunts Point MarketWestbound exit and eastbound entrance
Soundview31.4850.6651Bronx River AvenueWestbound exit only
31.5850.825152 Bronx River Parkway north – White PlainsNo westbound exit; exit 2 on Bronx Parkway
Unionport32.3552.065253White Plains Road / Castle Hill Avenue
Throggs Neck33.6254.1154 I-295 south (Throgs Neck Bridge) / I-678 south (Whitestone Bridge) / Hutchinson River Parkway north / Zerega AvenueEastbound exit and westbound entrance;
exit 19W on I-678; exit 12 on I-295
33.6254.11– I-95 north (Bruckner Expressway) – New HavenEastern terminus; exit 6B on I-95
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "I-278 Straight Line Diagram" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Transportation. Retrieved February 9, 2010.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 "2010 Traffic Volume Report for New York State" (PDF). New York State Department of Transportation. July 25, 2011. pp. 204–205. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 27, 2012. Retrieved April 9, 2012.
  3. ↑ It does not go through the island of Manhattan, but does pass through Randalls and Wards Islands, which are technically a part of the borough of Manhattan.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Google (February 9, 2010). "overview of Interstate 278" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved February 9, 2010.
  5. 1 2 Yates, Maura (January 11, 2008). "Staten Island Expressway bus lane open to HOV starting Monday". Staten Island Advance. Retrieved February 9, 2010.
  6. 1 2 3 O'Grady, Jim (November 22, 1998). "Neighborhood Report: Staten Island Up Close; Greenbelt Fans Want Routes Off the Maps". The New York Times. Retrieved February 9, 2010.
  7. 1 2 "MTA Bridges and Tunnels". MTA Bridges & Tunnels. Retrieved February 10, 2010.
  8. ↑ Staten Island Expressway Bridge Rehabilitation and TSM Measures. TRC Companies, Inc.
  9. 1 2 Liff, Bob (March 6, 2000). "Study: Keep HOV Lane at Gowanus". New York Daily News.
  10. 1 2 3 4 "NYSDOT – Region 11 (New York City) Built and Unbuilt Arterial System". New York State Department of Transportation. Retrieved October 3, 2007.
  11. ↑ NYCDOT Bridges &Tunnels Annual Condition Report 2010 (PDF). New York City Department of Transportation. p. 199.
  12. ↑ New York Designation Of State Interstate Routes, New York Assembly, retrieved December 19, 2009
  13. 1 2 3 4 5 Wright, George Cable (September 19, 1958). "New Roads with New Numbers Will Parallel Old U.S. Routes". The New York Times.
  14. ↑ The Township of Millburn in the County of Essex New Jersey (Map). Millburn, New Jersey. 1968. Retrieved February 13, 2010.
  15. 1 2 Arterial Progress 1959–1965. Triborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority. 1965.
  16. ↑ Union County Sheet 1 (Map). New Jersey Department of Transportation. 1967. Retrieved February 13, 2010.
  17. ↑ Union County Sheet 2 (Map). New Jersey Department of Transportation. 1967. Retrieved February 13, 2010.
  18. ↑ New Jersey Highway Facts. New Jersey Department of Transportation. 1967.
  19. ↑ "Elizabeth Link to Goethals Bridge Set To Open". The New York Times. October 29, 1969.
  20. ↑ Report on the Status of the Federal-Aid Highway Program. U.S. Senate Committee on Public Works. 1970.
  21. 1 2 Master Plan: Express Highways, Parkways and Major Streets. New York City Planning Department. 1941.
  22. 1 2 Joint Study of Arterial Facilities. Port of New York Authority and Triborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority. 1955.
  23. ↑ Bennett, Charles G. (June 20, 1957). "Span Approaches Approved by City". The New York Times.
  24. 1 2 Caro, Robert A. (1974). The Power Broker. Vintage Books-Random House.
  25. 1 2 "State announces $50M project to improve X-way". Staten Island Advance. August 1, 2008.
  26. 1 2 Ingraham, Joseph C. (November 21, 1964). "Hour Will Be Cut for Some Trips". The New York Times.
  27. ↑ "Push Is On for Varied Road Tolls". New York Daily News. November 23, 1998.
  28. ↑ Solomonow, Seth (November 27, 2005). "New Bus Lanes Earn Cheers, Jeers from Motorists". Staten Island Advance.
  29. ↑ "New Last Exit Before Brooklyn-bound Verrazano-Narrows Bridge In Place Beginning Mon., July 9th" (Press release). New York, New York: MTA Bridges and Tunnels. July 6, 2012. Retrieved August 26, 2012.
  30. ↑ Sedon, Michael (January 18, 2013). "comments New Exit 13B opens on Staten Island Expressway". Staten Island Advanced. Retrieved August 1, 2014.
  31. ↑ New Parkways in New York City. New York City Department of Parks and Recreation. 1937.
  32. ↑ "More Moses Loops Form". The New York Times. June 29, 1941.
  33. 1 2 Map of Metropolitan New York (Map). Cartography by H.M. Gousha. Chevron Oil Company. 1969.
  34. 1 2 Map of New Jersey (Map). Cartography by General Drafting. Esso. 1970.
  35. ↑ Herman, Peter and Albert Appleton (November 13, 1996). "Reconstructing the Gowanus: A Tunnel Is a Realistic Alternative to the Elevated Roadway". New York Law Journal.
  36. ↑ Stamler, Bernard (December 13, 1998). "Gowanus Expressway: Trouble Overhead". The New York Times. Retrieved February 13, 2010.
  37. ↑ "Gowanus Project". New York State Department of Transportation. Retrieved November 30, 2006.
  38. ↑ Daniel Bush (1 Dec 2011). "Get used to the Gowanus!". Brooklyn Daily. Retrieved 11 June 2012.
  39. ↑ James Howard Kunstler (1 June 2012). "June 2012 Eyesore of the Month". Eyesore of the Month. Retrieved 6 July 2012.
  40. ↑ Daniel Bush (1 Dec 2011). "Gowanus Expressway: History of a highway". The Brooklyn Paper. Retrieved 11 June 2012.
  41. 1 2 "Freeways Are Now Urged". The New York Times. December 13, 1936.
  42. ↑ Vital Gaps in the New York Metropolitan Arterial System. Triborough Bridge Authority. 1940.
  43. ↑ "New Highway Link to Open Thursday". The New York Times. May 21, 1950. p. 85.
  44. ↑ "Opening Set Today for Three Road Links". The New York Times. October 14, 1950.
  45. ↑ "Brooklyn–Queens Link To Be Completed Today". The New York Times. December 23, 1964.
  46. ↑ Liff, Bob (December 4, 1988). "New York: Chess in Concrete". Newsday. New York City.
  47. ↑ Faison, Seth (January 4, 1993). "New Year Brings New Road Projects to Test Commuters' Patience". The New York Times. Retrieved February 13, 2010.
  48. ↑ Samuel, Peter; Poole Jr., Robert W. (1999). How To Build Our Way Out of Congestion (PDF). Reason Public Policy Institute.
  49. ↑ "Most Of BQE Upgrade To Be Completed By Sept.". The Queens Gazette. February 25, 2004. Retrieved February 13, 2010.
  50. ↑ Cogan, Thomas (2004-06-23). "BQE Renovations Near Completion". Queens Gazette. Retrieved 2016-12-26.
  51. 1 2 Blain, Glenn (2017-04-23). "Kosciuszko Bridge to make flashy Thursday debut, featuring Cuomo". NY Daily News. Retrieved 2017-04-23.
  52. ↑ Hu, Winnie (2016-11-28). "Dreaded by Drivers, Brooklyn-Queens Expressway Is Set for Repairs". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2016-12-26.
  53. ↑ Garvin, Alexander. The Planning Game. New York, 2013
  54. ↑ "Motorists on the Road". The New York Times. September 5, 1937.
  55. ↑ Thibodeau, William A. (1938). The ALA Green Book (1938–39 ed.). Automobile Legal Association.
  56. ↑ New York Info-Map (Map). Cartography by Rand McNally and Company. Gulf Oil Company. 1940.
  57. ↑ New York (Map). Cartography by General Drafting. Esso. 1940.
  58. ↑ Traffic Improvement of Bruckner Boulevard. Triborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority. 1951.
  59. ↑ "Elevated Road To Open in the Bronx". The New York Times. October 18, 1962.
  60. ↑ Prial, Frank J. (December 21, 1972). "The Bruckner Interchange Is Open at Last". The New York Times.
  61. ↑ Google (January 6, 2017). "Interstate 278 (New York)" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved January 6, 2017.
  62. ↑ "Port Authority approves Goethals Bridge 'link' with Routes 1&9". NJ.com. Retrieved 4 October 2014.

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