Break-even

Break-even (or break even) is the point of balance making neither a profit nor a loss. The term originates in finance, but the concept has been applied widely since.

In economics

In economics and business, specifically cost accounting, the break-even point (BEP) is the point at which cost or expenses and revenue are equal: there is no net loss or gain, and one has "broken even." A profit or a loss has not been made, although opportunity costs have been "paid" and capital has received the risk-adjusted, expected return. In other words, it´s the point in which the total revenue of a business exceed its total costs, and the business begins to create wealth instead of consuming it.[1] It is shown graphically as the point where the total revenue and total cost curves meet. In the linear case the break-even point is equal to the fixed costs divided by the contribution margin per unit.

The break-even point is achieved when the generated profits match the total costs accumulated till the date of profit generation. Establishing the break-even point helps businesses in setting plans for the levels of production which it needs to maintain be profitable.[2]

In finance

The accounting method of calculating break-even point does not include cost of working capital. The financial method of calculating break-even, called value added break-even analysis, is used to assess the feasibility of a project. This method not only accounts for all costs, it also includes the opportunity costs of the capital required to develop a project.[3]

In other fields

In nuclear fusion research, the term "break-even" refers to a fusion energy gain factor equal to unity; this is also known as the Lawson criterion. The notion can also be found in more general phenomena, such as percolation, and is rather similar to the critical threshold. In energy, the break-even point is the point where usable energy gotten from a process equals the input energy.

In computer science, the term (used infrequently) refers to a point in the life cycle of a programming language where the language can be used to code its own compiler or interpreter. This is also called self-hosting.

In medicine, it is a postulated state when the advances of medicine permit every year an increase of one year or more of the life expectancy of the living, therefore leading to medical immortality,[4] barring accidental death.

References

  1. ↑ Levine, David; Michele Boldrin (2008-09-07). Against Intellectual Monopoly. Cambridge University Press. p. 312. ISBN 978-0-521-87928-6.
  2. ↑ "BBC - GCSE Bitesize: Breakeven point". Retrieved 2015-09-08.
  3. ↑ Brealey, R., Myers, S., Marcus, A., Maynes, E., Mitra, D. 2009. Fundamentals of Corporate Finance. McGraw-Hill Ryerson. USA. pp. 284. ISBN 978-0-07-098403-5
  4. ↑ Ray Kurzweil & Terry Grossman (2004). Fantastic Voyage: Live Long Enough to Live For Ever. Rodale Books. ISBN 978-1579549541.
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