Brookfield Asset Management

Brookfield Asset Management, Inc.
Public
Traded as TSX: BAM.A
NYSE: BAM
Euronext: BAMA
S&P/TSX 60 component
Industry Asset Management
Founded 1899
Founder William Mackenzie,
Frederick Stark Pearson
Headquarters Brookfield Place
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Area served
 Global
Key people
 Frank McKenna, Chairman
Bruce Flatt, CEO
Services Financial services
Revenue Increase $24.4 bn (2016)[1]
$2,165 million (2016)
$3.3 billion (2016)[1]
AUM $239.825 billion (2016)[1]
Total equity $69.7 billion (2016)[1]
Number of employees
 70,000 operating employees
700 investment professionals [1]
Subsidiaries Brookfield Property Partners [2]
Brookfield Infrastructure Partners
Brookfield Renewable Partners
Brookfield Business Partners
Website www.brookfield.com

Brookfield Asset Management, Inc. is a global alternative asset manager with approximately $250 billion of assets under management, focusing on the real asset sectors of property, renewable energy, and infrastructure.[3] The company's corporate headquarters are located in Toronto and New York City.[4]

The company was founded in 1899 as a builder and operator of electricity and transport infrastructure in Brazil; the company's earlier name of "Brascan" reflected this history ("Brasil" + "Canada").[5] The company provided electricity and tram services in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, and the Brazilian side after the split is still known as "Light", short for Brazilian Traction, Light and Power Co. Ltd.[6] Over the next century, the company expanded and is now an investor in and operator of approximately $220 billion of real assets, with 70,000 employees in over 100 offices in 30 different countries.[7] Its major public subsidiaries include Brookfield Infrastructure Partners, Brookfield Renewable Partners, Brookfield Property Partners, and Brookfield Business Partners.[8]

Assets

The company's asset management offerings for institutional investors are focused on real assets, but also include alternative-type investments, structured financial products, traditional fixed income and equities and finite-risk reinsurance.[9] In addition, Brookfield Asset Management owns a significant stake in a real estate services company offering home relocations, property appraisals, move-in services and home transaction closing services, and capital market services, including financial advisory, securities underwriting, and property brokerage.[10] Brookfield Asset Management invests through public, listed companies and through private funds. The company's institutional clients mainly include governments, sovereign wealth funds, pension plans, institutions, corporations and high-net-worth individuals.[11][12]

Brookfield has $23 billion of assets under management in Canada, $138 billion invested in the United States, $19 billion invested in Asia Pacific, $20 billion in South America and $32 billion in the UK, Western Europe and the Middle East.[7] Its major real estate investments include Brookfield Place (formerly known as the World Financial Center) in New York, Brookfield Place in Toronto, Canary Wharf in London (owned with Qatar's Sovereign Wealth Fund), Potsdamer Platz in Berlin, the Bank of America Plaza in Los Angeles, Bankers Hall in Calgary,[13] Darling Park in Sydney, and Brookfield Place in Perth.[14][15]

Brookfield's infrastructure assets include utilities: electric and gas distribution; transport: railway and coal terminals and ports; energy transmission and communications infrastructure. [16]

Brookfield's renewable power assets include hydroelectric power plants and wind power assets.[17]

Brookfield’s private equity business focuses on real assets through owning and operating in the business services, industrial operations and residential development services industries.[18]

Management

J. Bruce Flatt is senior managing partner and chief executive officer. Mr. Flatt was appointed to this position in February 2002 after having served as chief executive officer of Brookfield Properties since 2000.[19][20] He was trained as an accountant at Clarkson, Gordon and Company, which is now part of Ernst & Young.[21] As of fiscal year 2014, his basic compensation was $6.65 million.[22]

Mr. Flatt is senior managing partner and chief executive officer of the corporation, and on behalf of the corporation is the chairman and a director of GGP. Mr. Flatt previously served as a board member to Fraser Papers and Norbord Incorporated.[22] Mr. Flatt holds a business degree from the University of Manitoba.[21]

History

1899-1979

In 1899 the São Paulo Railway, Light and Power Company was founded by William Mackenzie, Frederick Stark Pearson and others. (The word "Railway" would later be changed to "Tramway.")

In 1904 the Rio de Janeiro Tramway, Light and Power Company was founded by Mackenzie's group.[23]

In 1912 Brazilian Traction, Light and Power Company Limited was incorporated in Toronto as a public company to develop hydro-electric power operations and other utility services in Brazil, becoming a holding company for the two previous companies.[24]

In 1916 Great Lakes Power Company Limited was incorporated to provide hydro-electric power in Sault Ste. Marie and the Algoma District in Ontario.[25]

In 1966 Brazilian Traction, Light and Power Company Limited changed its name to Brazilian Light and Power Company Limited.

In 1969 Brazilian Light and Power Company Limited changes its name to Brascan Limited (BL)[24]

In 1979 the company's Brazilian assets were transferred to Brazilian ownership (e.g., Eletropaulo and Light S.A. - now AES Eletropaulo), the company meanwhile having diversified to other areas.[24]

2005-2009


Mergers and acquisitions

In 2005, the company changed its name to Brookfield Asset Management (BAM). As part of a number of purchases in 2007, Brookfield acquired Multiplex Group construction company for $6.1 billion and renamed it Brookfield Multiplex. In 2016 the company was re-branded as Multiplex.[26] It also acquired Longview Fibre Company, expanding its timberland platform to 2.5 million acres (10,000 km²). In 2008, Brookfield Infrastructure Partners was spun out of the holding company, and subsequently merged with Australia's Prime Infrastructure in a $1 billion transaction.

Birch Mountain class action

The Birch Mountain class action lawsuit has consistently been dismissed, with judges finding in favour of Brookfield and against the plaintiffs. In a process supervised by the Alberta courts, PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) was appointed receiver of Birch Mountain Resources in November 2008 after Birch Mountain had defaulted on its debts. Birch Mountain’s assets were transferred to Tricap Partners Ltd, now operating under the Hammerstone Corporation, a subsidiary of Brookfield Special Situations Group, for approximately $50 million. [27]

A group called Birch Mountain Shareholders for Justice filed a lawsuit against Brookfield Asset Management on September 22, 2010 with the Superior Court of Justice in Ontario, Canada. The lawsuit challenged the acquisition and transfer of assets from a public company, Birch Mountain Resources, to the Hammerstone Corporation.[28]

The case was dismissed in its entirety, after the judge ruled it had no legal merit in April, 2015.[29] On May 25, 2015, the plaintiffs filed a notice of appeal in the case, in McDonald v. Brookfield Asset Management Inc. in the Court of Appeal Alberta.[30] The appeal was heard on June 15, 2016[31] over the Hammerstone Project MegaQuarry in Alberta. On Dec. 5, 2016, the Court of Appeal of Alberta again dismissed the case, ruling that the appeal was without merit.[32]

2010-2012

Launch of Brookfield Renewable Energy Partners

In 2010, Brookfield Renewable Energy Partners was launched as an exchange-listed global renewable power company, with a portfolio of hydroelectric and wind power plants in Canada, the United States and Brazil.[33]

General Growth Properties

Also in 2010, Brookfield led a successful restructuring of General Growth Properties, the second largest owner of U.S. shopping malls, out of bankruptcy after rebuffing Simon Property Group's attempt to acquire GGP.[20] In 2011, the company increased its share of General Growth Properties to 38%.[34] By 2012, Brookfield's stake in GGP grew to 42% which prompted investor activist William Ackman to request that GGP create a special committee unaffiliated with Brookfield to consider a sale to Simon.[35] On Dec. 31, 2012, Pershing Square agreed to sell a portfolio of its stake in GGP to Brookfield and struck a four-year agreement to be a passive investor in the shopping mall company.[36] By May, 2014 Pershing Square had sold all of its shares in GGP.[37]

Kerzner lawsuit

In January 2012, two hedge fund creditors, Trilogy Portfolio Co. and Canyon Value Realization Fund LP, in a loan with Brookfield, filed a lawsuit in Delaware Chancery Court in Wilmington asking that the court restrain Brookfield's attempt to acquire the Kerzner International properties from closing.[38][39] In the lawsuit, the hedge funds alleged that Brookfield engaged in "brazen self-dealing" and collusion with junior lender PCCP and servicer Wells Fargo to complete the deal in violation of the loan agreement.[40] The court granted a temporary injunction pending a hearing. Brookfield consequently cancelled its offer to acquire the property.[41] Brookfield walked away after a Delaware judge issued the injunction.[40] The two hedge funds subsequently agreed to a restructuring that allowed Brookfield to acquire the One&Only Ocean Club in the Bahamas, Atlantis Paradise Island Resort in the Bahamas, and the One&Only Palmilla Resort in Mexico.[42][43] Brookfield subsequently sold the One & Only Ocean Club to Access Industries for $140 million.[44]

São Paulo, Brazil

In 2012, Brazilian authorities announced that they were investigating allegations that an executive at Brookfield bribed São Paulo building officials to secure permits required for renovating three shopping malls.[45] The allegations were made by Daniela Gonzalez, the former chief financial officer of a Brookfield subsidiary in Brazil, who was fired by Brookfield in 2010.[46] The alleged bribes reportedly totaled $789,851. Silvio Antonio Marques, a São Paulo state prosecutor confirmed the civil and criminal investigations to the Wall Street Journal and added that the reporting individual also provided documentation of the misconduct by Brookfield employees. A former Brookfield employee, who is being sued by Brookfield for embezzlement and is being investigated by Brazilian authorities, reported the alleged bribes to both the authorities in Brazil and to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.[46] Brazilian authorities say they are questioning a company controlled by Brookfield Asset Management as part of an investigation into allegations that São Paulo officials engaged in extortion. In the continuing SEC inquiry, the agency has been looking into allegations made by a former Brookfield executive, who says she was ordered to bribe city officials to obtain permits required for shopping malls and says she was fired for refusing to do so.[47] In June, 2015, the Securities and Exchange Commission informed Brookfield Asset Management that it had concluded its investigation and would not be bringing charges over alleged bribery in Brazil.[48]

Brookfield Property Partners launched

In 2012, the company announced plans to spin off its global property holdings to shareholders in Brookfield Asset Management by distributing units in a new entity, Brookfield Property Partners.[49]

City of London acquisition

In June 2012, Brookfield Office Properties announced plans to acquire a portfolio of three office buildings and a development site in the City of London for $829 million from Hammerson Inc., a British real estate company focused on retail developments.

Investments in Brazil, Chile and Maine

In July 2012, Brookfield and Spanish toll road operator Abertis announced plans to acquire a toll road network in Brazil. At the same time, Brookfield acquired full control of toll road assets in Chile. In December, 2012, Brookfield Renewable Energy Partners agreed to acquire a portfolio of 19 hydroelectric power stations in Maine from Nextera Energy Resources LLC for $760 million.[50]

2013

MPG Office Trust Inc.

On April 26, 2013, Brookfield Office Properties made an offer for MPG Office Trust Inc. and announced plans to create a new $1.15 billion fund that would hold seven MPG and Brookfield office buildings in Los Angeles.[51]

Brookfield Cold Storage launched

In June 2013, a Brookfield private equity fund acquired two Canadian refrigeration facilities, in Toronto and Calgary, from Millard Refrigerated Services, launching a new national company, Brookfield Cold Storage.[52]

Longview Timber and Longview Fibre sales

In June 2013, Brookfield also announced two separate transactions totaling $3.65 billion that saw the sale of its Longview Timber unit to Weyerhauser for $2.65 billion, and the sale of Longview Fibre Paper and Packaging to Kapstone Paper and packaging for $1 billion. Brookfield purchased the companies in 2007 with $1 billion of equity.[53] In commenting on the transaction, Kapstone chairman and CEO Roger Stone said: "The Longview team orchestrated a transformation that is truly, in my experience, the most amazing that I've actually ever seen in my 55 years in the industry."[54]

Carson Block mentions Brookfield in article

In July, 2013, the New York Times ran an article by short seller Carson Block of Muddy Waters LCC that cited Brookfield as one of a number of companies that had miscalculated the risks of investing in Brazil.[55]

Acquisition of Industrial Developments International

In August 2013, Brookfield Property Partners, acquired Industrial Developments International, an Atlanta-based owner of distribution facilities, from Japanese construction company Kajima Corp. in a $1.1 billion transaction.[56]

2014

Texas Utility Energy

Brookfield was revealed to be a significant creditor in an arm of bankrupt Texas Utility Energy Future Holdings, as a holder of debt in the company’s Texas Competitive Electric Holdings subsidiary.[57]

Acquisition of Irish wind farms

In March 2014, Brookfield Renewable Energy acquired a portfolio of Irish wind farms for $680 million as part of a privatization by the Irish government.[58]

2015

Canary Wharf

Brookfield Property Partners and the Qatar Investment Authority acquired the parent to the Canary Wharf real estate development in London for ₤2.6 billion.[59] Brookfield was the biggest buyer of European real estate in 2015.[60]

Acquisition of GrafTech, North American Palladium and Armtec

Brookfield’s private equity arm, Brookfield Capital Partners, acquired a number of industrial companies, including GrafTech International, North American Palladium and Armtec.[61][62][63]

Associated Estates

Brookfield Property Partners acquired apartment owner Associated Estates for $1.7 billion after the company put itself up for sale.[64]

Asciano

In August, 2015, Brookfield Infrastructure bid approximately $6.6 billion for Australian rail, port and logistics company Asciano.[65]

2016

Isagén

On January 13, 2016, Brookfield acquired 57% of the power generation company Isagén, in Colombia, for a sum of $6.48 trillion (COP) ($2.03 billion USD).[66] The company subsequently increased its interest to 100% by the end of the year.[67]

Potsdamer Platz

In early 2016, Brookfield announced that it partnered with Korea Investment Corp. to purchase a major chunk of Potsdamer Platz in Berlin, acquiring a total of 17 buildings. The total acquisition price was $1.41 billion.[60] In announcing the transaction, Brookfield Property Partners chairman Ric Clark said the company is looking for additional world class assets.[60]

Renaming of Brookfield Renewable Partners L.P.

On May 10, 2016 Brookfield Renewable Energy Partners L.P. changed its name to Brookfield Renewable Partners L.P. The stock symbol (TSX: BEP.UN - NYSE: BEP) and CUSIP remained the same.[68][69]

Launch of Brookfield Business Partners

In June 2016, Brookfield completed the spin-off of Brookfield Business Partners, the primary public vehicle through which Brookfield will own and operate the business services and industrial operations of its private equity group.[70]

Petróleo Brasileiro SA

Brookfield Infrastructure announced in September that together with its investment partners, they would acquire a 90 percent stake in a Brazilian natural gas pipeline from Petróleo Brasileiro SA.[71]

Odebrecht Ambiental

In October, Brookfield Business Partners and its institutional partners bought a 70 percent stake in the largest private water and sewage company in Brazil, Odebrecht Ambiental, in a transaction valued at $908 million. Under its new ownership, the business was renamed BRK Ambiental.[72] [73]

2017

Greenergy Fuels and Maax Bath

Brookfield Business Partners and its institutional partners agreed to acquire a 85 percent controlling stake in Greenergy Fuels Holdings Ltd , a leading provider of road fuels in the U.K. The company also reached an agreement to sell Maax Bath, a bathroom-fixtures company, to American Bath Group.[74]

Loblaw Companies

In April 2017, the company announced an agreement to purchase 100% of the gas station operations of Loblaw Companies, Canada’s largest retailer.[75]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 "Brookfield Asset Management Reports 2016 Results" (PDF). Brookfield Asset Management. 31 March 2017. Retrieved 1 May 2017.
  2. ↑ "Schedule 13D/A". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Retrieved December 2, 2013.
  3. ↑ "Bloomberg Markets". Bloomberg.com. Retrieved 2017-05-01.
  4. ↑ "Contact Brookfield | Brookfield Properties". www.brookfieldproperties.com. Retrieved 2017-05-03.
  5. ↑ Won, Shirley (September 16, 2005). "What's in a name? Plenty if it's Brascan". The Globe and Mail.
  6. ↑ "Brazilian Traction Light and Power Company Ltd.". Bloomberg L.P. Retrieved December 4, 2013.
  7. 1 2 "Brookfield Asset Management Inc 2016 Annual Report" (PDF). Retrieved 1 May 2017.
  8. ↑ "Brookfield Asset Management Inc 2016 Annual Report" (PDF). 31 March 2017. Retrieved 1 May 2017.
  9. ↑ "Brookfield Asset profit weaken, revenue increases". Toronto: The Globe and Mail. February 15, 2013.
  10. ↑ "Brookfield Asset Management Stock Quote". Toronto: The Globe and Mail. February 23, 2012. Retrieved December 5, 2013.
  11. ↑ Pachner, Joanna."Brookfield Asset Management: A perfect predator",Canadian Business, Canada, 16August2010 Retrieved 23September2012
  12. ↑ "Brookfield Asset Mgmt looks to emerging markets". Reuters. November 8, 2013.
  13. ↑ "Brookfield moves to simplify structure of its North American property arm". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved 2017-05-03.
  14. ↑ "Sectors - Brookfield Asset Management". www.brookfield.com. Retrieved 2017-05-03.
  15. ↑ "Bank of America Plaza | 333 South Hope Street, Los Angeles | Brookfield Properties". www.brookfieldproperties.com. Retrieved 2017-05-03.
  16. ↑ "Brookfield Infrastructure Partners (BIP): A High-Yield, Fast-Growing Utility". ValueWalk. 2017-03-13. Retrieved 2017-05-03.
  17. ↑ Sleuth, Dividend (2016-12-13). "Brookfield Renewable Partners: A Hydroelectric Utility". Seeking Alpha. Retrieved 2017-05-03.
  18. ↑ Smith, Ryan. "Brookfield Asset Management completes spin-off". Wealth Professional Canada. Retrieved 2017-05-03.
  19. ↑ Reguly, Eric (November 26, 2004). "And the winner is...BRUCE FLATT". The Globe and Mail.
  20. 1 2 Pachner, Joanna (August 16, 2010). "Brookfield Asset Management: A perfect predator". Canadian Business.
  21. 1 2 Simon, Bernard (September 23, 2001). "Private Sector; A Landlord at Disaster's Margin". The New York Times.
  22. 1 2 "Brookfield Asset Manage-cl A". Bloomberg Business. 9 September 2015. Retrieved 10 September 2015.
  23. ↑ Regehr, Theodore. "Mackenzie, Sir William". Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Retrieved December 8, 2013.
  24. 1 2 3 "Brascan Corporation History". International Directory of Company Histories. Retrieved December 8, 2013.
  25. ↑ "INDUSTRIES: Business History of Utilities". Business History. Retrieved December 8, 2013.
  26. ↑ "Brookfield Multiplex drop ‘Brookfield’ in name change | Architecture And Design". Architecture And Design. Retrieved 2017-05-04.
  27. ↑ "Birch Mountain names receiver",’’Calgary Herald’’, Canada, 7 November 2008 Retrieved 22 July 2012
  28. ↑ Gray, Jeff. "Squeezed-out Birch Mountain shareholders take on Brookfield",’’The Globe and Mail’’, Canada, 15 November 2011 Retrieved 22 July 2012
  29. ↑ McDonald v Brookfield Asset Management Inc Archived 2015-09-23 at the Wayback Machine., 2015 ABQB 281
  30. ↑ "In the Court of Appeal of Alberta/Citation: McDonald v Brookfield Asset Management Inc., 2016 ABCA 375" (PDF). 5 December 2016. Retrieved 1 June 2017.
  31. ↑ "Former Toronto Maple Leaf Lanny McDonald leads investors in fight against Brookfield Asset Management Inc. in Alberta Court of Appeal". Aggregates Manager. 2016-06-27. Retrieved 2017-06-01.
  32. ↑ "Case Developments" (PDF). Brookfield Class Action Website. Retrieved 1 June 2015.
  33. ↑ "Brookfield to create renewable energy heavyweight". ca.reuters.com. Retrieved 2017-05-04.
  34. ↑ "Brookfield to buy Fairholme's General Growth stake". Reuters. 18 January 2011. Retrieved 7 March 2012.
  35. ↑ Gallun, Alby (27 August 2012). "Ackman presses General Growth to consider acquisition by Simon". chicagorealestatedaily.com.
  36. ↑ "Ackman, Brookfield reach truce on U.S. mall spat". The Globe and Mail. Toronto. January 3, 2013.
  37. ↑ Benoit, David (15 May 2014). "Pershing Square Exits Two Big Wins: Procter & Gamble and GGP". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 6 September 2015.
  38. ↑ Dames, Candia (13 January 2012). "Legal Battle for Atlantis". Nassau Guardian. Retrieved 24 September 2012.
  39. ↑ Jinks, Beth (April 27, 2012). "Kerzner Hands Atlantis Bahamas to Brookfield, Palm to Dubai". Bloomberg Businessweek.
  40. 1 2 Todd, Jeffery (18 January 2012). "Brookfield: Everything is still on the table". Nassau Guardian. Retrieved 24 September 2012.
  41. ↑ Brandt, Nadja; Jinks, Beth (17 January 2012). "Brookfield Cancels Agreement for Kerzner’s Atlantis Resort". Bloomberg Businessweek. Retrieved 24 September 2012.
  42. ↑ Jinks, Beth (27 April 2012). "Kerzner Hands Atlantis Bahamas to Brookfield, Palm to Dubai". Bloomberg Businessweek. Retrieved 24 September 2012.
  43. ↑ Shecter, Barbara (November 29, 2011). "Brookfield scoops up three resorts, including world famous Atlantis". Financial Post.
  44. ↑ Hartnell, Neil (10 June 2014). "$141m Ocean Club Purchaser Targets Convention Centre". Tribune 242. Retrieved 2 September 2015.
  45. ↑ Trevisani, Paulo; Karmin, Craig (19 November 2013). "Brookfield Brazil Unit Is Questioned". Wall Street Journal.
  46. 1 2 Karmin, Craig; Trevisani, Paulo (September 18, 2012). "Brookfield Faces Brazil Accusations". Wall Street Journal.
  47. ↑ Trevisani, Paulo, Karmin, Craig. "Brookfield São Paulo Affiliate Is Questioned",’’The Wall Street Journal’’, 19November2013 Retrieved 24 November 2013
  48. ↑ "SEC Declines to Take Action After Brookfield Probe". The Wall Street Journal. 13 November 2015. Retrieved 18 November 2015.
  49. ↑ Drummer, Randyl (May 16, 2012). "Brookfield Asset Management to Spin Off $70B CRE Company". CoStar Group, Inc.
  50. ↑ "The Globe and Mail - News Sources". The Globe and Mail. Toronto. May 9, 2012.
  51. ↑ Brown, Eliot (August 27, 2013). "Brookfield Bets on Downtown L.A. Rebirth". Wall Street Journal.
  52. ↑ "Brookfield Asset Management Inc's Private Equity Group Acquires Canadian Cold Storage Business". Reuters. June 3, 2013.
  53. ↑ Pierson, Ransdell (June 16, 2013). "Brookfield to sell assets to Weyerhaeuser, KapStone for $3.68 billion". Reuters.
  54. ↑ "Kapstone completes purchase of Longview Fibre Paper & Packaging". Converting Quarterly. July 24, 2013.
  55. ↑ Block, Carson (July 10, 2013). "Adventures Abroad Could Hurt U.S. Companies". The New York Times.
  56. ↑ Bubny, Paul (October 3, 2013). "IDI, Verde Close on $1.1B Merger". GlobeSt.com.
  57. ↑ Falconer, Kirk (9 December 2014). "Brookfield flexing its muscles in energy industry with EFH, Ember deals". PE HUB. Retrieved 6 September 2015.
  58. ↑ Blackwell, Richard (25 March 2014). "Brookfield Renewable buys Ireland wind project portfolio". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved 6 September 2015.
  59. ↑ Allen, Kate; Massoudi, Arash (28 January 2015). "Qatar and Brookfield win battle to take over Canary Wharf". Financial Times. Retrieved 6 September 2015.
  60. 1 2 3 Patnaude, Art. "Brookfield Acquires Potsdamer Platz in Berlin for $1.4 Billion". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 2016-01-15.
  61. ↑ Stapczynski, Stephen (18 May 2015). "Brookfield agrees to acquire graphite maker GrafTech for $546-million". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved 6 September 2015.
  62. ↑ "Brookfield to recap North American Palladium". CVCA News. 15 April 2015. Retrieved 6 September 2015.
  63. ↑ "Armtec agrees to sale of assets to Brookfield". CVCA. 29 April 2015. Retrieved 6 September 2015.
  64. ↑ Carmiel, Oshrat (22 April 2015). "Brookfield to Buy Associated Estates for $1.7 Billion". Bloomberg Business. Retrieved 6 September 2015.
  65. ↑ Deveau, Scott; Foley, Brett (18 August 2015). "Brookfield Infrastructure Buys Asciano for $6.55 Billion". Bloomberg Business. Retrieved 6 September 2015.
  66. ↑ "Brookfield buys Colombia’s Isagén stake for $2.8-billion". Retrieved 2016-09-22.
  67. ↑ "Letter to Unitholders" (PDF). Brookfield Renewable Partners. 2 February 2017. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
  68. ↑ "NAME CHANGE" (PDF). TMX. Retrieved 4 January 2017.
  69. ↑ "Company Overview of Brookfield Renewable Partners L.P.". Bloomberg. Retrieved 4 January 2017.
  70. ↑ Smith, Ryan. "Brookfield Asset Management completes spin-off". Wealth Professional Canada. Retrieved 2017-05-04.
  71. ↑ "Brookfield-led group to buy stake in Petrobras natural gas pipeline for $5.2 billion". Financial Post. Retrieved 2017-05-04.
  72. ↑ "Brookfield Agrees to Buy 70% Stake in Odebrecht for $768 Million". Bloomberg.com. 2016-10-27. Retrieved 2017-05-04.
  73. ↑ "Brookfield closes $908 mln buy of Odebrecht Ambiental, renames - PE Hub". PE Hub. 2017-04-26. Retrieved 2017-05-04.
  74. ↑ Falconer, Kirk (6 February 2017). "Brookfield doubles its money with sale of Maax, will acquire Greenergy". PE Hub Network. Retrieved 3 May 2017.
  75. ↑ Reuters (19 April 2017). "Loblaw to sell gas station business to Brookfield in $540-million deal". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved 3 May 2017.
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