Somali aristocratic and court titles

Mohamoud Ali Shire, the 26th Suldaan (Sultan) of the Warsangali Sultanate.

This is a list of Somali aristocratic and court titles that were historically used by the Somali people's various sultanates, kingdoms and empires. Also included are the honorifics reserved for Islamic notables as well as traditional leaders and officials within the Somali customary law (xeer), in addition to the nobiliary particles set aside for distinguished individuals.

Monarchs and aristocrats

Below is a list of the royal court titles historically retained by the Somali monarchies and aristocracies.

Male titles

Kings or Rulers

Royal family

Court officials

Sheikh Abadir Umar Ar-Rida, patron saint in the Harar sultanate.

Female titles

Consorts

Royal family

Religious leaders

Sheikh Ali Ayanle Samatar, a prominent Islamic leader.

Islamic leaders within Somali society were often drawn from or elevated to the noble ranks. Below is a list of the titles most often used historically by the clergymen (ulama):

Traditional leaders and officials

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Below is a list of the titles traditionally employed by leaders and officials within the Somali customary law or xeer.

Leaders

Officials

Nobiliary particles

See also

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Lewis (1999:203–204)
  2. Lewis, I. M. (1961-01-01). A Pastoral Democracy: A Study of Pastoralism and Politics Among the Northern Somali of the Horn of Africa. LIT Verlag Münster. p. 204. ISBN 9783825830847.
  3. Westermann, Diedrich; Smith, Edwin William; Forde, Cyril Daryll (2007-01-01). Africa. Oxford University Press. p. 230.
  4. Orwin, Martin (1990). Aspects of Somali phonology. University of London. p. 55.
  5. Lewis (1999:208)
  6. Claessen, H. J. M. (1987). Early State Dynamics, Volume 2 of Studies in Human Society. Brill Archive. p. 121. ISBN 9004081011.
  7. 1 2 Maxamed, Maxamed Cabdi (1987). Lexique somali-français. s.n. p. 27.
  8. R. David Paul Zorc, Abdullahi A. Issa (1990). Somali Textbook. Dunwoody Press. p. 551. ISBN 0931745489.
  9. Lewis, I. M. (1961-01-01). A Pastoral Democracy: A Study of Pastoralism and Politics Among the Northern Somali of the Horn of Africa. LIT Verlag Münster. p. 207. ISBN 9783825830847.
  10. "Warsangeli Sultanate - Official website". ECOTERRA Intl. Retrieved 11 May 2013.
  11. Pankhurst, Richard (1982). History of Ethiopian towns from the Middle Ages to the early nineteenth century. Steiner. p. 63. ISBN 3515032045.
  12. Mohamed Haji Muktar, Historical Dictionary of Somalia, (Scarecrow Press: 2003), p.35
  13. 1 2 3 4 Hashi, Awil Ali (1993). Essential English-Somali Dictionary. Fiqi Press Ltd. p. 318. ISBN 0969768508.
  14. Laitin & Samatar (1987:15)
  15. Ahmed III, Abdul. "History of Somali Military Personnel". THOAPI.
  16. Hashi, Awil Ali (1993). Essential English-Somali Dictionary. Fiqi Press Ltd. p. 442. ISBN 0969768508.
  17. Axmed Faarax Cali, Francesco Antinucci, ed. (1986). Poesia orale somala: storia di una nazione. Ministero degli Affari Esteri, Dipartimento per la Cooperazione allo Sviluppo, Comitato Tecnico Linguistico per l'Universita Nazionale Somala.
  18. Laitin (1977:86–87)
  19. Kraska, Iwona (1992). "From verb to clitic and nominal suffix: The Somali -e,-o nouns". Studies in the Linguistic Sciences. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Dept. of Linguistics. 22: 97. Retrieved 20 August 2013.
  20. 1 2 3 4 IFLA Committee on Cataloguing, IFLA International Office for UBC., IFLA International Programme for UBC., IFLA UBCIM Programme (1987). International cataloguing: quarterly bulletin of the IFLA Committee on Cataloguing, Volume 11. The Committee. p. 24.
  21. "Scholars Biographies - 15th Century - Shaykh Muhammad ibn 'Abdullaah as-Sumaalee". Fatwa-Online. Retrieved 26 August 2012.
  22. Ho, Engseng, Graves of Tarim, (University of California Press: 2006), Berkeley. p.149
  23. Uhlig, Siegbert (2007). Encyclopaedia Aethiopica: He-N, Volume 3. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 1045. ISBN 344705607X.
  24. 1 2 Lewis (1999:224)
  25. Abdullahi (2001:13)
  26. Lewis (1998:102)
  27. Diiriye, Anwar Maxamed (2006). Literature of Somali onomastics & proverbs with comparison of foreign sayings. Gobaad Communications & Press. p. 59. ISBN 0972661514.
  28. Cassanelli (1982:130)
  29. Luling (2002:103)
  30. Abdullahi, p.140
  31. Adam, Hussein Mohamed; Richard Ford (1997). Mending rips in the sky: options for Somali communities in the 21st century. Red Sea Press. p. 148. ISBN 1-56902-073-6.
  32. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Back to Somali roots". Hiiraan.com. Retrieved 2009-12-20.
  33. WSP Somali Programme (2001). Rebuilding Somalia: issues and possibilities for Puntland. HAAN Associates. pp. 69 & 84. ISBN 1874209049.
  34. Reese, Scott Steven (1996). Patricians of the Benaadir: Islamic learning, commerce and Somali urban identity in the nineteenth century. University of Pennsylvania. p. 179.
  35. 1 2 Lewis (1998:90)
  36. G.W.B. Huntingford, "The Town of Amud, Somalia", Azania, 13 (1978), p. 184
  37. Bader, Christian (2000). Mythes et légendes de la Corne de l'Afrique. Karthala. p. 263. ISBN 2845860692.
  38. Michael Hodd, East African Handbook, (Trade & Travel Publications: 1994), p.640.

References

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