Bohorodchany

Bohorodchany
Богородчани
Town

Dominican monastery in Bohorodchany
Bohorodchany

Location of Bohorodchany, Ukraine

Coordinates: 48°48′29″N 24°32′17″E / 48.80806°N 24.53806°E / 48.80806; 24.53806Coordinates: 48°48′29″N 24°32′17″E / 48.80806°N 24.53806°E / 48.80806; 24.53806
Country Ukraine
Oblast Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast
Raion Bohorodchany Raion
Area
 • Total 12 km2 (5 sq mi)
Population (2016)
 • Total 7,971
 • Density 631.08/km2 (1,634.5/sq mi)
Area code(s) +380 3471

Bohorodchany (Ukrainian: Богородчани, pronounced [ˈboɦorodtʂanɪ]; Polish: Bohorodczany) is an urban-type settlement in Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, several miles from Ivano-Frankivsk. It is the administrative center of Bohorodchany Raion. Population: 7,971 (2016 est.)[1].

History

It is not known when the town was established, but it was first mentioned in 1441 as a property of certain Jan of Buczacz, the starost of Trembowla (today Terebovlia).[2] Since the second half of the 15th century the local estate belonged to the Potocki family. In 1691 Konstancja Potocka née Truskolaska, widow of the owner of the village Dominik Potocki, established a Roman Catholic church and a parish there.[3] In 1742 the wooden church was replaced with a more permanent construction, founded by Stanisław Kossakowski and devoted to the cult of Holy Mary. In 1765 the new church was donated to the Dominican Order, whose friars established a convent there.[3]

Later in the 18th century the town's area acted as a base for a local band of outlaws led by Oleksa Dovbush, a semi-legendary Hutsul folk hero, who according to a local legend took the town by force in 1744.[4] In 1786 the town had 314 permanent buildings and 1134 inhabitants.[2]

Following the Partitions of Poland the town became part of the Habsburg Empire and then Austria-Hungary. In the 19th century the town was a scene of intense social and economic activities by all three major groups of inhabitants - Jews, Ukrainians and Poles. Already in 1770 a Polish language grammar school was established, followed by a Jewish Hertz Homberg school in 1785 and a state-sponsored German language grammar school in 1789. In 1848 a local branch of a Russka Rada (Ruthenian Council) was established by 29 local Ukrainians.[2] Around the same time numerous Jewish social and educational facilities were established, including a Hebrew School of the Union of Hebrew Teachers of Austria (1908-1914), a local branch of Ezrat Israel zionist union (1896), a Torat Haim yeshiva (1908) and a grammar school for girls (1909).[5] By the end of the 19th century the town grew to 4597 inhabitants, including 2009 Jews, 1788 Greek Catholics and 800 Roman Catholics.[3] The largest estates in the surrounding area belonged to Count Rudolf Stadion.

In the aftermath of World War I the town briefly belonged to ZUNR, but in 1919 was taken over by reborn Poland. The local life continued to flourish until World War II. The town was made a seat of a commune. In 1929 a Gmilut Hasadim welfare association was founded in the town.[5]

Following the joint Nazi-Soviet invasion of Poland, the Germans occupied the town and murdered the local Jews. They were brought to a shooting site in groups of 10-20 people and executed.[6] After the war, the town was seized by the Soviet Union and soon afterwards attached to Ukrainian SSR. Since 1991 it is a part of Ukraine.

Jewish culture

Bohorodchany is also known by its Yiddish name, Brotchin (בראטשין). A first-hand description of Jewish life in Bohorodchany pre-World War II can be found in the autobiography of Mark Hasten, who grew up there.[7]

Notable people

References

  1. ↑ "Чисельність наявного населення України (Actual population of Ukraine)" (PDF) (in Ukrainian). State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Retrieved 19 July 2016.
  2. 1 2 3 Various Authors; V.I. Harats’ (1971). "Історія Богородчанів" [History of Bohorodchany]. In O.O. Chernov. Історія міст і сіл Української РСР в 26 томах - Івано-Франківська область [History of Towns and Villages of Ukrainian SSR in 26 Volumes] (in Ukrainian). Kiev. p. 81.
  3. 1 2 3 Filip Sulimierski, ed. (1886). "Bohorodczany". Geographical Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland (in Polish). I. Warsaw: Władysław Walewski. p. 287. Retrieved 2011-06-25.
  4. ↑ Volodymyr Hrabovetsky (1994). Олекса Довбуш [Oleksa Dovbush] (in Ukrainian). Lviv: Svit. pp. 106–108.
  5. 1 2 Jewish history in Bohorodchany
  6. ↑ http://yahadmap.org/#village/bogorodchany-ivano-frankivsk-ukraine.634
  7. ↑ Hasten, M. and Weisz, P. Mark My Words! A Personal History. Indianapolis, Indiana: Brotchin Books, ISBN 0-9749838-0-2.
Local orientation
Adjacent places of Bohorodchany
 Stari Bohorodchany Stari Bohorodchany
Skobychivka		 Ivanykivka
Stari Bohorodchany Pokhivka
   Bohorodchany  
Pidhiria
Dibrova		 Horokholyna Horokholyna
Regional orientation
Adjacent places of Bohorodchany
 Broshniv-Osada
Rozhniativ		 Voinyliv
Kalush		 Ivano-Frankivsk
Perehinske Tlumach
   Bohorodchany  
Solotvyn Nadvirna Otynia
Kolomyia
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