Biysk

Biysk (in English)
Бийск (Russian)
-  City[1]  -

Sovetskaya Street in Biysk

Location of Altai Krai in Russia
Biysk
Location of Biysk in Altai Krai
Coordinates: 52°32′N 85°13′E / 52.533°N 85.217°E / 52.533; 85.217Coordinates: 52°32′N 85°13′E / 52.533°N 85.217°E / 52.533; 85.217
Coat of arms
City Day June 18
Administrative status (as of June 2014)
Country Russia
Federal subject Altai Krai[1]
Administratively subordinated to city of krai significance of Biysk[1]
Administrative center of city of krai significance of Biysk,[1] Biysky District[1]
Municipal status (as of March 2009)
Urban okrug Biysk Urban Okrug[2]
Administrative center of Biysk Urban Okrug,[2] Biysky Municipal District[3]
Head Lidiya Gromoglasova
Representative body Duma
Statistics
Population (2010 Census) 210,115 inhabitants[4]
- Rank in 2010 89th
Time zone KRAT (UTC+07:00)[5]
Founded 1709[6]
City status since 1782[6]
Postal code(s)[7] 659300–659306, 659308, 659309, 659311, 659314–659316, 659318–659323, 659325, 659326, 659328–659330, 659332–659336, 659399
Dialing code(s) +7 3854
Official website
Biysk on Wikimedia Commons

Biysk (Russian: Бийск; IPA: [bʲijsk]) is a city in Altai Krai, Russia, located on the Biya River not far from its confluence with the Katun River. It is the second largest city of the krai (after Barnaul, the administrative center of the krai). Population: 210,115(2010 Census);[4] 218,562(2002 Census);[8] 233,238(1989 Census).[9]

Geography

The city is called "the gates to the Altai Mountains", because of its position comparatively not far from this range. Chuysky Highway begins in Biysk and then goes through the Altai Republic to Russia's border with Mongolia.

Climate

Biysk has a humid continental climate of the Dfb category, under the Köppen climate classification system.

Climate data for Biysk (1981-2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) −8.9
(16)
−7.5
(18.5)
0.0
(32)
10.3
(50.5)
19.8
(67.6)
25.4
(77.7)
27.0
(80.6)
24.2
(75.6)
18.6
(65.5)
8.6
(47.5)
−1.6
(29.1)
−7.9
(17.8)
9.0
(48.2)
Daily mean °C (°F) −13.9
(7)
−13.3
(8.1)
−5.9
(21.4)
4.4
(39.9)
12.9
(55.2)
18.7
(65.7)
20.5
(68.9)
17.8
(64)
12.2
(54)
3.8
(38.8)
−5.9
(21.4)
−12.6
(9.3)
3.2
(37.8)
Average low °C (°F) −18.9
(−2)
−19.1
(−2.4)
−11.7
(10.9)
−1.5
(29.3)
6.0
(42.8)
12.0
(53.6)
14.1
(57.4)
11.4
(52.5)
5.9
(42.6)
−1.0
(30.2)
−10.1
(13.8)
−17.2
(1)
−2.5
(27.5)
Source: "Climate Data - Russia". 

History

The fortress of Bikatunskaya (Бикатунская), or Bikatunsky Ostrog (Бикатунский острог), was founded in 1708-1709:[6] it was constructed near the confluence of Biya and Katun Rivers (hence the name) in 1709 by the order the Russian Tsar Peter the Great signed in 1708.[10] Yet, in 1710, after a three-day battle, the ostrog was destroyed by the Dzungar people.[10] The Bikatunskaya fortress was re-built at a new place (20 kilometers (12 mi) up the Biya, on the right bank of the river) in 1718 and renamed Biyskaya (Бийская) in 1732.[10] Gradually, Biysk lost its role as a military base, but became an important center of trade, and was granted town status in 1782.[6] In 1797, the town was abolished, but in 1804 it was restored as an uyezd town of Tomsk Governorate and granted the coat of arms which is still in use.

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Biysk serves as the administrative center of Biysky District, even though it is not a part of it.[1] As an administrative division, it is, together with four rural localities, incorporated separately as the city of krai significance of Biysk—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, the city of krai significance of Biysk is incorporated as Biysk Urban Okrug.[2]

Economy

Evalar office building in Biysk

The city's industry grew rapidly, especially after some factories were evacuated there from the west of the Soviet Union during World War II. Later the city was an important center of arms development (including solid-fuel rocket engines[11]) and production and still remains an industrial center.

Evalar, one of the largest pharmaceutical companies in Russia, is headquartered in Biysk.

Transportation

A bridge in Biysk

Biysk has a railway station, a port on the Biya, and is served by the Biysk Airport. The route of federal importance Novosibirsk-Biysk-Tashanta (Chuysky Highway) passes through the city.

Education and culture

Biysk is a center of education and culture, and a home to an academy of education, a technical institute and other educational institutions, a drama theater (founded in 1943), a museum of local lore, and other facilities.

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Law #28-ZS
  2. 1 2 3 Law #115-ZS
  3. Law #42-ZS
  4. 1 2 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  5. Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №271-ФЗ от 03 июля 2016 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #271-FZ of July 03, 2016 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  6. 1 2 3 4 Большая российская энциклопедия. Том 3. Moscow: Большая российская энциклопедия. 2005. p. 473. ISBN 978-5-85270-330-9.
  7. Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
  8. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  9. Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  10. 1 2 3 Основание Бийской крепости Archived June 5, 2014, at the Wayback Machine.
  11. "Soviet Solid Rocket Motor Production Plant". FAS. 1996.

Sources

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