Bishnupur I
| Bishnupur I | |
|---|---|
| Community development block | |
  Bishnupur I Location in West Bengal | |
| Coordinates: 22°23′N 88°16′E / 22.383°N 88.267°E | |
| Country |
 India |
| State | West Bengal |
| District | South 24 Parganas |
| Parliamentary constituency | Diamond Harbour |
| Assembly constituency | Bishnupur |
| Area | |
| • Total | 44.93 sq mi (116.36 km2) |
| Elevation | 26 ft (8 m) |
| Population (2011) | |
| • Total | 232,365 |
| • Density | 5,200/sq mi (2,000/km2) |
| Time zone | IST (UTC+5.30) |
| PIN | 743503 (Bishnupur, South 24 Parganas) |
| Area code(s) | 033 |
| Vehicle registration | WB-19, WB-20, WB-22 |
| Literacy rate | 78.33% |
| Website | http://s24pgs.gov.in/ |
Bishnupur I is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Alipore Sadar subdivision of South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
History
Land reforms
During 1946-1950 the Tebhaga movement in several parts of the 24 Parganas district led to the enactment of the Bargadari Act. Although the Bargadari Act of 1950 recognised the rights of bargadars to a higher share of crops from the land that they tilled, it was not implemented. Large tracts, beyond the prescribed limit of land ceiling, remained with the rich landlords. In 1967, West Bengal witnessed peasant uprising, against non-implementation of land reforms legislation, starting from Kheyadaha gram panchayat in Sonarpur CD Block. From 1977 onwards major land reforms took place in West Bengal under the Left Front government. Land in excess of land ceiling was acquired and distributed amongst the peasants. Subsequently, “Operation Barga” was aimed at securing tenancy rights for the peasants. In Bishnupur I CD Block 205.92 acres of land was acquired and vested. Out of this 87.77 acres or 42.62% of the vested land was distributed. The total number of patta holders was 424.[1]
Geography
Location
Bishnupur is located at 22°23′N 88°16′E / 22.38°N 88.27°E.
Bishnupur I CD Block is bounded by Thakurpukur Mahestala CD Block in the north, Sonarpur and Baruipur CD Blocks in the east, Magrahat I and Magrahat II CD Blocks in the south and Bishnupur II CD Block in the west.[2][3]
It is located 15 km from Alipore, the district headquarters.[2]
Area and administration
Bishnupur I CD Block has an area of 116.36 km2. Bishnupur police station serves this CD Block. Bishnupur I panchayat samity has 11 gram panchayats. The block has 86 inhabited villages.[4] Headquarters of this block is at Bishnupur.
Topography
South 24 Parganas district is divided into two distinct physiographic zones: the marine-riverine delta in the north and the marine delta zone in the south. As the sea receded southwards, in the sub-recent geological period, a large low-lying plain got exposed. Both tidal inflows and the rivers have deposited sediments in this plain. The periodical collapse of both the natural levees and man-made embankments speed up the process of filling up the depressions containing brackish water wetlands. The marine delta in the south is formed of interlacing tidal channels. As non-saline water for irrigation is scarce, agriculture is monsoon-dominated. Some parts of the wetlands are still preserved for raising fish.[5]
Gram panchayats
Gram panchayats of Bishnupur I block/panchayat samiti are Amgachia, Andharmanik, Bhandaria Kastekumari, Dakshin Gouripur Chakdhir, Julpia, Keordanga, Kulerdari, Panakua, Paschim Bishnupur, Purba Bishnupur and Rashkhali.[6]
Demographics
Population
As per 2011 Census of India Bishnupur I CD Block had a total population of 232,365, of which 204,385 were rural and 27,980 were urban. There were 118,717 (51%) males and 113,68 (49%) females. Population below 6 years was 26,993. Scheduled Castes numbered 108,432 and Scheduled Tribes numbered 100.[7]
As per 2001 census, Bishnupur I block had a total population of 206,276, out of which 106,471 were males and 99,805 were females. Bishnupur I block registered a population growth of 15.33% during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for South 24 Parganas district was 20.89%. Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84%. Scheduled castes at 100,539 formed around one-half the population. Scheduled tribes numbered 1,642.[4][8][9]
Census towns and large villages
Census towns in Bishnupur I CD Block (2011 census figures in brackets) are Daulatpur (6,568), Bhasa (5,559), Bishnupur (5,030) and Kanyanagar (10,823).[7]
Large villages in Bishnupur I CD Block (2011 census figures in brackets) are Khariberia (4,007), Bagi (7,235), Bakeswar (4,940), Amgachhi (10,179), Gandhabaduli (4,194), Dakshin Gouripur (9,064), Kasthamahal (5,156), Kalmikhali (4,804), Keoradanga (4,205), Raskhali (9,399) and Andharmanik (6,676).[7]
Literacy
As per 2011 census the total number of literates in Bishnupur I CD Block was 160,871 (78.33% of the population over 6 years) out of which 89,231 (55%) were males and 71,640 (45%) were females.[7]
As per 2011 census, literacy in South 24 Parganas district was 77.51%[10] Literacy in West Bengal was 77.08% in 2011.[11] Literacy in India in 2011 was 74.04%.[11]
As per 2001 census, Bishnupur I block had a total literacy of 71.93% for the 6+ age group. While male literacy was 82.47%, female literacy trailed at 60.61%. South 24 Parganas district had a total literacy of 69.45%, male literacy being 79.19% and female literacy being 59.01%.[4]
See also – List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate
| Literacy in CD Blocks of South 24 Parganas district |
|---|
| Alipore Sadar subdivision |
| Bishnupur I – 78.33% |
| Bishnupur II – 81.37% |
| Budge Budge I – 80.57% |
| Budge Budge II – 79.13% |
| Thakurpukur Mahestala – 83.54% |
| Baruipur subdivision |
| Baruipur – 76.46% |
| Bhangar I – 72.06% |
| Bhangar II – 74.49% |
| Jaynagar I – 73.17% |
| Jaynagar II – 69.71% |
| Kultali – 69.37% |
| Sonarpur – 79.70% |
| Canning subdivision |
| Basanti – 68.32% |
| Canning I – 70.76% |
| Canning II – 66.51% |
| Gosaba – 78.98% |
| Diamond Harbour subdivision |
| Diamond Harbour I – 75.72% |
| Diamond Harbour II – 76.91% |
| Falta – 77.17% |
| Kulpi – 75.49% |
| Magrahat I – 73.82% |
| Magrahat II – 77.41% |
| Mandirbazar – 75.89% |
| Mathurapur I – 73.93% |
| Mathurapur II – 77.77% |
| Kakdwip subdivision |
| Kakdwip – 77.93% |
| Namkhana – 85.72 |
| Patharpratima – 82.11% |
| Sagar – 84.21% |
| Source: 2011 Census: CD Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data |
Language
Bengali is the local language in these areas.[2]
Religion
In the 2011 census Hindus numbered 147,636 and formed 63.46% of the population in Bishnupur I CD Block. Muslims numbered 72,219 and formed 31.04% of the population. Others numbered 12,780 and formed 5.50% of the population. Amongst the others, Christians numbered 12,235.[12]
In the 2011 census, Hindus numbered 5,155,545 and formed 63.17% of the population in South 24 Parganas district. Muslims numbered 2,903,075 and formed 35.57% of the population.[12] In West Bengal Hindus numbered 64,385,546 and formed 70.53% of the population. Muslims numbered 24,654,825 and formed 27.01% of the population.[12]
Health
Certain areas of South 24 Parganas district have been identified where ground water is affected by arsenic contamination.[13] High levels of arsenic in ground water were found in twelve blocks of the district. Water samples collected from tubewells in the affected places contained arsenic above the normal level (10 micrograms per litre as specified by the World Health Organisation). The affected blocks are Baruipur, Bhangar I, Bhangar II, Bishnupur I, Bishnupur II, Basanti, Budge Budge, Canning I, Canning II, Sonarpur, Mograhat II and Joynagar.[14]
Human Development Report
According to the South 24 Parganas district Human Development Report it is an overwhelmingly rural district with 85% of the population living in rural areas. An analysis of the district’s population shows that 33% of the district’s population belongs to Scheduled Castes. While 65.86% of people are Hindus, 33.24% are Muslims. 86% of the population resided in the 29 CD Blocks. In 2005, more than 4 lakh households were identified as living below the poverty line, pushing the poverty ratio in the district to 34.11%, far above the state and national poverty ratios.[15]
Bishnupur I CD Block has a poverty ratio of 16.59% of the households in 2005. In standard of living it ranked fourth amongst all the 29 blocks. In infrastructure development it was sixth amongst all CD Blocks. In Bishnupur I, 28.79% households have access to electricity. The length of surfaced roads is 1.74 km per km2 area. The number of bank branches is 0.53 per 10,000 population. In Bishnupur I, 44.65% of rural households are engaged as daily/ agricultural/ other physical labour, 18.20% are culivators, 18.22% are self-employed rural artisans/ hawkers, 10.17% are engaged in labour oriented regular jobs in the unorganised sector, and 13.77% are engaged in the organised sector or work as professionals.[15]
As per 1991 census, while male literacy rate was 67.85% female literacy was 37.50% and there was a gender gap of 30.35% in Bishnupur I. The CD Blocks are gradually catching up with the municipalities in matters of literacy. In 2006, Bishnupur I had 18 secondary and higher secondary schools. Three schools did not have a library and 12 of them did not have computer facilities.[15]
In 2006, in Bishnupur I for 86 villages there were 28 health sub-centres and three rural hospital/public health centres having 35 beds, with six medical officers, nine nurses, 49 health assistants and six pharmacists and technicians. 38.2% of the 306 habitations in Bishnupur I CD Block had access to safe drinking water (including tube wells and tap water), 54.2% habitations were partly covered and 7.5% habitations not covered.[15]
| Poverty Ratio in CD Blocks of South 24 Parganas district |
|---|
| Percentage of Households |
| Alipore Sadar subdivision |
| Bishnupur I – 16.59% |
| Bishnupur II – 10.82% |
| Budge Budge I – 14.78% |
| Budge Budge II – 34.04% |
| Thakurpukur Mahestala – 6.44% |
| Baruipur subdivision |
| Baruipur – 26.04% |
| Bhangar I – 28.22% |
| Bhangar II – 17.20% |
| Jaynagar I – 39.57% |
| Jaynagar II – 42.60% |
| Kultali – 46.86% |
| Sonarpur – 23.36% |
| Canning subdivision |
| Basanti – 64.89% |
| Canning I – 31.05% |
| Canning II – 50.32% |
| Gosaba – 38.03% |
| Diamond Harbour subdivision |
| Diamond Harbour I – 24.27% |
| Diamond Harbour II – 27.30% |
| Falta – 21.56% |
| Kulpi – 52.64% |
| Magrahat I – 28.41% |
| Magrahat II – 29.26% |
| Mandirbazar – 29.90% |
| Mathurapur I – 34.43% |
| Mathurapur II – 39.59% |
| Kakdwip subdivision |
| Kakdwip – 34.91% |
| Namkhana – 48.17% |
| Patharpratima – 49.18% |
| Sagar – 44.46% |
| Source: 2005:Rural Household Survey District Human Development Report Chapter 3 Page 43 |
References
- ↑ "District Human Development Report: South 24 Parganas". (1) Chapter 1.2, South 24 Parganas in Historical Perspective, pages 7-9 (2) Chapter 3.4, Land reforms, pages 32-33. Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2009. Retrieved 17 April 2016.
- 1 2 3 "Bishnupur I Block". onefivenine. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- ↑ "South 24 Parganas". CD Block/Tehsil map. Maps of India. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- 1 2 3 "District Statistical Handbook – 2009 – South 24 Parganas" (PDF). South 24 Parganas at a glance, Tables 2.1, 2.2, 2.4 (b), 4.5. Bureau of Applied Economics and Statistics, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 3 April 2016.
- ↑ "District Human Development Report: South 24 Parganas". Chapter 1 South 24 Parganas: An Overview, p 9-12. Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2009. Retrieved 1 April 2016.
- ↑ "Blocks and Gram Panchayats in South 24 Parganas". South 24 Parganas District Administration. Retrieved 1 April 2016.
- 1 2 3 4 "C.D. Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA)". 2011 census: West Bengal – District-wise CD Blocks. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- ↑ "Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal. Table 4". Census of India 2001 – South 24 Parganas. Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on July 19, 2011. Retrieved 2011-01-20.
- ↑ "Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal. Table 4". Census of India 2001. Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved 2011-01-20.
- ↑ "District Census 2011". Population Census 2011. Retrieved 24 January 2016.
- 1 2 "Provisional population tables and annexures" (PDF). Census 2011:Table 2(3) Literates and Literacy rates by sex. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 9 February 2016.
- 1 2 3 "C1 Population by Religious Community". West Bengal. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 18 June 2016.
- ↑ "Groundwater Arsenic contamination in West Bengal-India (19 years study)". Groundwater arsenic contamination status of North 24-Parganas district, one of the nine arsenic affected districts of West Bengal-India. SOES. Retrieved 2011-09-28.
- ↑ "High arsenic levels in South". The Statesman, 24 June 2007. Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. Retrieved 2011-09-28.
- 1 2 3 4 "District Human Development Report: South 24 Parganas". Intro: pp 16-19, 42 Block specific: pp 39-40, 73, 99, 132, 146, 192, 221. Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2009. Retrieved 7 April 2016.