Biscay (Basque Parliament constituency)

Biscay
Basque Parliament Electoral Constituency
Location of Biscay within the Basque Country
Province	Biscay
Autonomous community	Basque Country
Population	1,148,775 (2016)
Electorate	948,080 (2016)
Major settlements	Bilbao, Barakaldo, Getxo
Current constituency
Created	1980
Seats	20 (1980–1984) 25 (1984–)
Member(s)	PNV (11) EH Bildu (5) Podemos (4) PSE–EE (3) PP (2)

Biscay (Basque: Bizkaia, Spanish: Vizcaya) is one of the three constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Basque Parliament—the regional legislature of the Basque Autonomous Community—. The constituency currently elects 25 deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of Biscay. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of 3 percent.

Electoral system

Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage in a secret ballot. Only lists polling above 3% of valid votes (which includes blank ballots—for none of the above) are entitled to enter the seat distribution.^[1] From the 1984 to 1998 elections the threshold was 5%.^[2]

Deputies

Deputies for Biscay 1980–

Key to parties
HB EH EHAK EH Bildu EPK EB/IU EB–B Elkarrekin Podemos Aralar EE PSE/PSE–EE EA PNV/PNV–EA UCD PP CP AP/AP–PL

Parliament

Election

Distribution

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

5th

6th

7th

8th

9th

10th

11th

Elections

2016 regional election

Summary of the 25 September 2016 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
Parties and coalitions		Votes	%	±pp	Won	+/−
	Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)	238,581	41.81	+3.87	11	±0
	Basque Country Unite (EH Bildu)	99,610	17.46	–3.74	5	–1
	United We Can (Podemos–IU–eQuo) (Elkarrekin Podemos)¹	84,195	14.75	+11.33	4	+4
	Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE))	66,506	11.65	–7.06	3	–2
	People's Party (PP)	55,128	9.66	–2.00	2	–1

	Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's)	10,963	1.92	New	0	±0

Parties with less than 1.0% of the vote		12,171	2.13	—	±0
	Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA/ATTKAA)	4,556	0.80	+0.46	±0
	Let's Win the Basque Country: Yes We Can (Ganemos Irabazi)	3,337	0.58	New	±0
	Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV)	1,277	0.22	New	±0
	Family and Life Party (PFyV)	1,031	0.18	+0.04	±0
	Blank Seats (EB/AZ)	903	0.16	–0.76	±0
	Basque Communists–Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (EK–PCPE)	466	0.08	+0.01	±0
	Humanist Party (PH)	351	0.06	–0.03	±0
	Welcome (Ongi Etorri)	250	0.04	New	±0

Blank ballots

3,484

0.61

–0.65

Total

570,638

100.00

±0

Valid votes

570,638

99.56

+0.33

Invalid votes

2,495

0.44

–0.33

Votes cast / turnout

573,133

60.48

–3.99

Abstentions

374,503

39.52

+3.99

Registered voters

947,636

Source: Basque Government

Notes:
¹ Elkarrekin Podemos results are compared to the combined totals of United Left–The Greens: Plural Left and Equo Greens–Basque Ecologists in the 2012 election.

2012 regional election

Summary of the 21 October 2012 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
Parties and coalitions		Votes	%	±pp	Won	+/-
	Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)	230,204	37.94	–3.16	11	–1
	Basque Country Unite (EH Bildu)¹	128,644	21.20	+14.11	6	+5
	Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE))	113,536	18.71	–11.54	5	–3
	People's Party (PP)	70,749	11.66	–2.26	3	–1

	United Left–The Greens: Plural Left (IU–LV)	16,109	2.65	New	0	±0
	Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD)	10,855	1.79	–0.07	0	±0
	United Left–Greens (EB–B)	9,817	1.62	–1.79	0	±0

Parties with less than 1.0% of the vote		19,199	3.16	—	±0
	Blank Seats (EB/AZ)	5,598	0.92	New	±0
	Equo Greens–Basque Ecologists (EB–EE)	4,656	0.77	New	±0
	Hartos.org (Hartos.org)	2,831	0.47	New	±0
	Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA/ATTKAA)	2,052	0.34	+0.08	±0
	For a Fairer World (PUM+J)	1,159	0.19	–0.02	±0
	Family and Life Party (PFyV)	821	0.14	–0.04	±0
	Internationalist Socialist Workers' Party (POSI)	778	0.13	–0.03	±0
	Humanist Party (PH)	555	0.09	+0.02	±0
	Basque Communists–Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (EK–PCPE)	442	0.07	New	±0
	Communist Unification of Spain (UCE)	307	0.05	New	±0

Blank ballots

7,649

1.26

+0.24

Total

606,762

100.00

±0

Valid votes

606,762

99.23

+6.19

Invalid votes

4,721

0.77

–6.19

Votes cast / turnout

611,483

64.47

–1.87

Abstentions

336,939

35.53

+1.87

Registered voters

948,422

Source: Basque Government

Notes:
¹ Basque Country Unite results are compared to the combined totals of Aralar and Basque Solidarity in the 2009 election.

2009 regional election

Summary of the 1 March 2009 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
Parties and coalitions		Votes	%	±pp	Won	+/−
	Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)¹	241,732	41.10	+4.14	12	+2
	Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE))	177,875	30.25	+7.05	8	+2
	People's Party (PP)	81,837	13.92	–3.55	4	–1
	Aralar (Aralar)	24,639	4.19	+2.63	1	+1
	United Left–Greens (EB–B)	20,080	3.41	–2.10	0	–1

	Basque Solidarity (EA)¹	17,033	2.90	–0.80	0	–1
	Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD)	10,916	1.86	New	0	±0

Parties with less than 1.0% of the vote		8,015	1.36	—	–2
	The Greens (B–LV)	2,689	0.46	New	±0
	Anti-Bullfighting Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA)	1,504	0.26	–0.02	±0
	For a Fairer World (PUM+J)	1,232	0.21	+0.02	±0
	Family and Life Party (PFyV)	1,052	0.18	New	±0
	Internationalist Socialist Workers' Party (POSI)	969	0.16	–0.07	±0
	Humanist Party (PH)	418	0.07	–0.03	±0
	Carlist Party of the Basque Country–Carlist Party (EKA–PC)	151	0.03	±0.00	±0
	Communist Party of the Basque Homelands (PCTV/EHAK)	N/A		–9.99	–2

Blank ballots

5,972

1.02

+0.28

Total

588,099

100.00

±0

Valid votes

588,099

93.04

–6.63

Invalid votes

43,971

6.96

+6.63

Votes cast / turnout

632,070

66.34

–1.57

Abstentions

320,774

33.66

+1.57

Registered voters

952,844

Source(s): Basque Government

Notes:
¹ Due to the impossibility of direct comparison as a result of the dissolution of the PNV–EA alliance, an unofficial comparison is calculated using the strength ratio (10:1) of both parties in Parliament after the 2005 election.

2005 regional election

Summary of the 17 April 2005 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
Parties and coalitions		Votes	%	±pp	Won	+/−
	Basque Nationalist Party–Basque Solidarity (PNV–EA)	267,247	40.66	–2.76	11	–1
	Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE))	152,459	23.20	+5.14	6	+2
	People's Party (PP)	114,845	17.47	–5.98	5	–1
	Communist Party of the Basque Homelands (PCTV/EHAK)¹	65,623	9.99	+1.99	2	±0
	United Left–Greens (EB–B)²	36,226	5.51	–0.14	1	±0

	Aralar (Aralar)	10,242	1.56	New	0	±0

Parties with less than 1.0% of the vote		5,694	0.87	—	±0
	Greens–Anti-Bullfighting Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (B–PACMA)	1,865	0.28	New	±0
	Internationalist Socialist Workers' Party (POSI)	1,499	0.23	New	±0
	For a Fairer World (PUM+J)	1,261	0.19	New	±0
	Humanist Party (PH)	674	0.10	–0.08	±0
	Alavese Unity (UA)	216	0.03	New	±0
	Carlist Party of the Basque Country–Carlist Party (EKA–PC)	179	0.03	New	±0

Blank ballots

4,866

0.74

–0.05

Total

657,202

100.00

±0

Valid votes

657,202

99.67

+0.08

Invalid votes

2,164

0.33

–0.08

Votes cast / turnout

659,366

67.91

–11.21

Abstentions

311,591

32.09

+11.21

Registered voters

970,957

Source: Basque Government

Notes:
¹ Communist Party of the Basque Homelands results are compared to Basque Citizens totals in the 2001 election. ² United Left–Greens results are compared to United Left totals in the 2001 election.

2001 regional election

Summary of the 13 May 2001 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
Parties and coalitions		Votes	%	±pp	Won	+/−
	Basque Nationalist Party–Basque Solidarity (PNV–EA)¹	335,945	43.42	+4.85	12	+2
	People's Party (PP)²	181,404	23.45	+3.12	6	+1
	Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE))	139,684	18.06	–0.21	4	–1
	Basque Citizens (EH)	61,894	8.00	–6.57	2	–2
	United Left (EB/IU)	43,701	5.65	–0.55	1	±0

Parties with less than 1.0% of the vote		4,855	0.63	—	±0
	Party of the Democratic Karma (PKD)	2,000	0.26	New	±0
	Humanist Party (PH)	1,361	0.18	–0.09	±0
	Workers for Democracy Coalition (TD)	1,017	0.13	New	±0
	Freedom (Askatasuna)	257	0.03	New	±0
	Carlist Party (EKA/PC)	220	0.03	New	±0

Blank ballots

6,145

0.79

–0.60

Total

773,628

100.00

±0

Valid votes

773,628

99.59

+0.16

Invalid votes

3,180

0.41

–0.16

Votes cast / turnout

776,808

79.12

+15.59

Abstentions

204,995

20.88

–15.59

Registered voters

981,803

Source: Basque Government

Notes:
¹ Basque Nationalist Party–Basque Solidarity results are compared to the combined totals of the Basque Nationalist Party and Basque Solidarity in the 1998 election. ² People's Party results are compared to the combined totals of the People's Party and Alavese Unity in the 1998 election.

1998 regional election

Summary of the 25 October 1998 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
Parties and coalitions		Votes	%	±pp	Won	+/−
	Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)	224,542	32.60	–2.51	9	–1
	People's Party (PP)	139,161	20.20	+5.17	5	+1
	Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE))	125,834	18.27	+0.89	5	+1
	Basque Citizens (EH)¹	100,377	14.57	+1.18	4	+1
	United Left (EB/IU)	42,714	6.20	–3.85	1	–1
	Basque Solidarity (EA)	41,096	5.97	–1.12	1	–1

Parties with less than 1.0% of the vote		5,574	0.81	—	±0
	Natural Law Party (PLN/LNA)	2,769	0.40	New	±0
	Humanist Party (PH)	1,892	0.27	New	±0
	Alavese Unity (UA)	913	0.13	–0.13	±0

Blank ballots

9,556

1.39

–0.15

Total

688,854

100.00

±0

Valid votes

688,854

99.43

+0.03

Invalid votes

3,972

0.57

–0.03

Votes cast / turnout

692,781

63.53

+3.16

Abstentions

298,457

36.47

–3.16

Registered voters

991,238

Source: Basque Government

Notes:
¹ Basque Citizens results are compared to Popular Unity totals in the 1994 election.

1994 regional election

Summary of the 23 October 1994 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
Parties and coalitions		Votes	%	±pp	Won	+/−
	Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)	201,833	35.11	+0.74	10	±0
	Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE))¹	99,931	17.38	–9.86	4	–3
	People's Party (PP)	86,398	15.03	+6.41	4	+2
	Popular Unity (HB)	76,988	13.39	–2.83	3	–1
	United Left (EB/IU)	57,765	10.05	+8.34	2	+2
	Basque Solidarity (EA)	40,752	7.09	–0.91	2	±0

Parties with less than 1.0% of the vote		2,293	0.40	—	±0
	Alavese Unity (UA)	1,489	0.26	+0.23	±0
	Coalition for a New Socialist Party (NPS)²	804	0.14	+0.08	±0

Blank ballots

8,865

1.54

+0.88

Total

574,825

100.00

±0

Valid votes

574,825

99.40

–0.08

Invalid votes

3,496

0.60

+0.08

Votes cast / turnout

578,321

60.37

–0.16

Abstentions

379,691

39.63

+0.16

Registered voters

958,012

Source: Basque Government

Notes:
¹ Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left results are compared to the combined totals of the Socialist Party of the Basque Country and Basque Country Left in the 1990 election. ² Coalition for a New Socialist Party results are compared to Alliance for the Republic totals in the 1990 election.

1990 regional election

Summary of the 28 October 1990 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
Parties and coalitions		Votes	%	±pp	Won	+/−
	Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)	192,903	34.37	+5.56	10	+2
	Socialist Party of the Basque Country (PSE–PSOE)	111,920	19.94	–2.54	5	–1
	Popular Unity (HB)	91,047	16.22	+0.27	4	±0
	People's Party (PP)¹	48,405	8.62	+3.48	2	+1
	Basque Solidarity (EA)	44,922	8.00	–3.75	2	–1
	Basque Country Left (EE)	40,983	7.30	–2.91	2	–1

	United Left (EB/IU)	9,609	1.71	+0.92	0	±0

Parties with less than 1.0% of the vote		17,771	3.17	—	±0
	Socialist Democracy (DS)	3,724	0.66	New	±0
	Democratic and Social Centre (CDS)	3,069	0.55	–2.65	±0
	The Ecologist Greens (LVE)	2,447	0.44	New	±0
	Basque Country Greens (EHB)	2,415	0.43	New	±0
	Ruiz-Mateos Group–European Democratic Alliance (ARM–ADE)	2,070	0.37	New	±0
	Workers' Socialist Party (PST)	1,878	0.32	+0.01	±0
	Communist Party of the Basque Country People (PCPE/EHAC)	599	0.11	New	±0
	Humanist Party (PH)	441	0.08	–0.05	±0
	Alliance for the Republic (AxR)²	347	0.06	–0.05	±0
	Revolutionary Communist League–Communist Movement (LKI–EMK)	326	0.06	New	±0
	Communist Party of Spain (Marxist–Leninist) (PCE (m–l))³	272	0.05	–0.02	±0
	Alavese Unity (UA)	183	0.03	New	±0

Blank ballots

3,679

0.66

+0.22

Total

561,239

100.00

±0

Valid votes

561,239

99.48

–0.03

Invalid votes

2,923

0.52

+0.03

Votes cast / turnout

564,162

60.53

–9.24

Abstentions

367,834

39.47

+9.24

Registered voters

931,996

Source: Basque Government

Notes:
¹ People's Party results are compared to People's Alliance–Liberal Party totals in the 1986 election. ² Alliance for the Republic results are compared to Internationalist Socialist Workers' Party totals in the 1986 election. ³ Communist Party of Spain (Marxist–Leninist) results are compared to Republican Popular Unity totals in the 1986 election.

1986 regional election

Summary of the 30 November 1986 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
Parties and coalitions		Votes	%	±pp	Won	+/−
	Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)	183,766	28.81	–14.94	8	–4
	Socialist Party of the Basque Country (PSE–PSOE)	143,387	22.48	–0.59	6	±0
	Popular Unity (HB)	101,733	15.95	+3.02	4	+1
	Basque Solidarity (EA)	74,921	11.75	New	3	+3
	Basque Country Left (EE)	65,116	10.21	+2.78	3	+1
	People's Alliance–Liberal Party (AP–PL)¹	32,764	5.14	–4.25	1	–1

	Democratic and Social Centre (CDS)	20,387	3.20	New	0	±0

Parties with less than 1.0% of the vote		12,897	2.02	—	±0
	United Left (EB/IU)	5,055	0.79	New	±0
	Communist Party of the Basque Country (PCE/EPK)	3,895	0.61	–1.16	±0
	Workers' Socialist Party (PST)	1,994	0.31	–0.05	±0
	Humanist Party (PH)	856	0.13	New	±0
	Internationalist Socialist Workers' Party (POSI)	683	0.11	New	±0
	Republican Popular Unity (UPR)²	414	0.07	–0.06	±0

Blank ballots³

2,798

0.44

±0.00

Total

637,769

100.00

±0

Valid votes

637,769

99.51

+0.05

Invalid votes

3,169

0.49

–0.05

Votes cast / turnout

640,938

69.77

+1.51

Abstentions

277,747

30.23

–1.51

Registered voters

918,685

Source: Basque Government

Notes:

¹ People's Alliance–Liberal Party results are compared to People's Coalition totals in the 1984 election.
² Republican Popular Unity results are compared to Communist Party of Spain (Marxist–Leninist) totals in the 1984 election.
³ The 1983 electoral law provided that blank ballots would not count as valid votes for the application of the 5 per 100 threshold in each district. However, this rule was not determinant in excluding any party from seat distribution during its time of application (the 1984 and 1986 elections). As a result and for comparison purposes, blank ballots are shown here included within valid votes.

1984 regional election

Summary of the 26 February 1984 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
Parties and coalitions		Votes	%	±pp	Won	+/−
	Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)	261,911	43.75	+3.78	12	+3
	Socialist Party of the Basque Country (PSE–PSOE)	138,093	23.07	+8.64	6	+3
	Popular Unity (HB)	77,407	12.93	–3.42	3	–1
	People's Coalition (AP–PDP–UL)¹	56,207	9.39	+3.62	2	+1
	Basque Country Left (EE)	44,500	7.43	–0.35	2	+1

	Communist Party of the Basque Country (PCE/EPK)	10,611	1.77	–3.01	0	–1

Parties with less than 1.0% of the vote		7,322	1.22	—	–1
	Neighborhood Labor (Auzolan)²	4,357	0.73	–0.88	±0
	Workers' Socialist Party (PST)	2,173	0.36	–0.05	±0
	Communist Party of Spain (Marxist–Leninist) (PCE (m–l))	792	0.13	New	±0
	Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD)	N/A		–6.75	–1

Blank ballots³

2,641

0.44

+0.02

Total

598,692

100.00

Valid votes

598,692

99.46

+0.54

Invalid votes

3,235

0.54

–0.54

Votes cast / turnout

601,927

68.26

+7.26

Abstentions

279,916

31.74

–7.26

Registered voters

881,843

Source: Basque Government

Notes:

¹ People's Coalition results are compared to People's Alliance totals in the 1980 election.
² Auzolan results are compared to the combined totals of Communist Movement of the Basque Country and Revolutionary Communist League in the 1980 election.
³ The 1983 electoral law provided that blank ballots would not count as valid votes for the application of the 5 per 100 threshold in each district. However, this rule was not determinant in excluding any party from seat distribution during its time of application (the 1984 and 1986 elections). As a result and for comparison purposes, blank ballots are shown here included within valid votes.

1980 regional election

Summary of the 9 March 1980 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
Parties and coalitions		Votes	%	±pp	Won	+/−
	Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)	206,051	39.97	—	9	—
	People's Unity (HB)	84,273	16.35	—	4	—
	Socialist Party of the Basque Country (PSE–PSOE)	74,379	14.43	—	3	—
	Basque Country Left (EE)	40,085	7.78	—	1	—
	Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD)	34,781	6.75	—	1	—
	People's Alliance (AP)	29,747	5.77	—	1	—
	Communist Party of the Basque Country (PCE/EPK)	24,660	4.78	—	1	—

	Communist Movement of the Basque Country (EMK/MCE)	5,654	1.10	—	0	—

Parties with less than 1.0% of the vote		13,748	2.67	—	—
	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (historical) (PSOE–H)	2,760	0.54	—	—
	Revolutionary Communist League (LKI/LCR)	2,652	0.51	—	—
	Workers' Socialist Party (PST)	2,099	0.41	—	—
	Spanish Falange of the JONS (FE–JONS)	1,466	0.28	—	—
	Workers' Party of the Basque Country (ORT–PTE)	1,404	0.27	—	—
	Basque Socialists' Unity Force (ESEI)	1,343	0.26	—	—
	Communist Unity (UC)	1,340	0.26	—	—
	Carlist Party (EKA/PC)	684	0.13	—	—

	Blank ballots	2,164	0.42	—

Total		515,542	100.00		20	—

Valid votes		515,542	98.92	—
Invalid votes		5,652	1.08	—
Votes cast / turnout		521,194	61.00	—
Abstentions		333,173	39.00	—
Registered voters		854,367

Source: Basque Government

References

Autonomous community constituencies in Spain
Andalusia (Parliament; 1981–present)	Almería Cádiz Córdoba Granada Huelva Jaén Málaga Seville
Aragon (Cortes; 1982–present)	Huesca Teruel Zaragoza
Asturias (General Junta; 1981–present)	Central Eastern Western
Balearic Islands (Parliament; 1983–present)	Formentera Ibiza Majorca Minorca
Basque Country (Parliament; 1979–present)	Álava Biscay Gipuzkoa
Castile and León (Cortes; 1983–present)	Ávila Burgos León Palencia Salamanca Segovia Soria Valladolid Zamora
Castilla-La Mancha (Cortes; 1983–present)	Albacete Ciudad Real Cuenca Guadalajara Toledo
Catalonia (Parliament; 1979–present)	Barcelona Girona Lleida Tarragona
Extremadura (Assembly; 1983–present)	Badajoz Cáceres
Galicia (Parliament; 1981–present)	A Coruña Lugo Ourense Pontevedra
Valencian Community (Corts; 1982–present)	Alicante Castellón Valencia

Coordinates: 43°15′N 2°59′W / 43.250°N 2.983°W / 43.250; -2.983

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