Big Brother 1 (Indonesia)

Big Brother Indonesia
Season 1 (2011)

Big Brother Indonesia 2011 is the first season of the Indonesian reality television series Big Brother. The show premiered on Sunday, April 10, 2011 on Trans TV, airing six times a week.[1] The Daily Show, which shows the activity of housemates, is airing from Monday until Friday at 7 p.m, and The Deportation Night, which shows who will be evicted, is airing on Saturday at 7.30 p.m. The current host either for the daily show or the deportation night are Indra Herlambang and Sarah Sechan. There are 15 housemates in this season. Alan is the winner of this show's first season.

Overview

Format

Housemates are quarantined in the Big Brother House for more than 100 days with no contact to and from the outside world. Each week participants will compete in various challenges, which they must perform to make Big Brother satisfied. Each week, there will be a Captain (Head of Household) who is chosen by another housemates.

For their daily needs in Big Brother House, there are two terms of coin, blue coin and red coin. Blue coins, usually be given for free, but sometimes those be given if Housemates success on the weekly task. Blue coins are used to buy the basic necessities. Red coins, usually be given if Housemates win a game or competition. The winner usually receives one until five red coins. Red coins are used to buy the personal necessities. Red coins can only be used by the red coins holder.

Housemates are instructed to nominate two fellow housemates for eviction each week. This compulsory vote is conducted in the "Big Brother Room" and housemates are not allowed to discuss the nomination process or influence the nominations of others. The three that received the most nominations, public will decide who they want to evict, the housemate with the most votes is evicted. If one or more participants violate the Big Brother rules the week they will also be up for the weekly eviction.

The House

The house is located on Trans TV Studio, beside the Trans Office Tower. The house's construction began in March 2011. More than 50 cameras are mounted in every part of the house.

Housemates

15 housemates entered the house on April 6, 2011.

Name Nickname Age Sex Occupation Hometown Audition City
Ade Herawati Ade 43 F Housewife Surabaya Surabaya
Afrie Afdillah Afrie 30 M Employee Jakarta Jakarta
Asran Aga Shady Aga 21 M College student Pekanbaru Bandung
Alan Wangsa Satria Pamungkas Alan 22 M Radio personality Cianjur Bandung
I Gede Derek Marshall Derek 30 M Human resource managers Bali Jakarta
Dewi Puspitawati Dey 38 F Artist Karawang Bandung
Jenny Jane 25 F Model / Freelancer Samarinda Bandung
Boris Erwin Putra Simbolon Luthfie 24 M Psychopathy Medan Jakarta
Maurice Balentina Tobing Maurice 25 F Employee Medan Jakarta
M. Nur Patra Kamil Patra 25 M Employee / Model Jakarta Jakarta
Renata Novomestska Rene 24 F College student Valašské Meziříčí Bandung
Roy Porayouw Roy 34 M Businessman Poso Surabaya
Shinta Shintyawati Shinta 22 F Fresh graduates Bandung Bandung
Tengku Novi Yanti Tengku 22 F Umbrella Girl Bandung Bandung
Widiarto Adi Kusumo Widi 24 M College student / Model Surabaya Surabaya

Weekly Summary

Events Competitions Tasks
Week 1
  • All of the Housemates entered the House on the Day 1
  • On Day 1, Roy became the first Captain (Head of Household).
  • On Day 4, all of the Housemates got 300 coins from Big Brother to buy the basic necessities for a week.
  • On Day 9, Shinta received a secret mission from Big Brother to make a surprise party for Afrie's birthday. Big Brother gave Shinta a hairdryer as the gift because she succeeded in the mission.
  • There was no eviction on this week, because Big Brother wanted the Housemates to know each other closer.
  • There were no competitions in the first week.
  • Waffle Tower; All of the Housemates must build a tower from pile of waffles. After build, they must keep it stand. Housemates were failed on this task.
Week 2
  • On Day 9, the previous Captain, Roy, got a punishment from Big Brother because when he was still the Captain, many housemates doing violation. Big Brother told Roy to choose one of the housemates. Roy didn't know what will happen, so he chose Alan, which caused Alan to be jailed for 24 hours. Roy felt very guilty to Alan and he lost his spirit on the Big Brother house. Roy fell ill from this day.
  • On Day 10, Patra became the new Captain after most of the Housemates nominated him to be the new Captain.
  • On Day 14, Roy was rushed to a hospital due to his declining health.
  • Roy became the first Housemate evicted on Day 17.
  • Finding Coins in the Jungle; All of the housemates, one by one must find the coins in a haystack for buying the basic necessities. They found almost 350 blue coins and 10 red coins and use it to buy the basic necessities.
  • Heavy Rain; All of the housemates divided into 2 groups, Male group and Female group. They competed for being the last on the moving log. The challenge was they was rushed down by so much water from above. The winners are Luthfie (male) and Dey (female). They received a special gift from Big Brother, a private dinner party only for them.
  • Domino Effect; All of the Housemates divided into 2 groups. They should create a domino chain from objects which has given by Big Brother (all of the objects must be used without any residual). Although there were many constraints, but the Housemates were success on this task.
Week 3
  • On Day 16, the previous Captain, Patra, got a punishment from Big Brother, because many considered that his leadership was terrible. Big Brother asked Patra who he think that cause of the failure of his leadership. At the first he said it was Dey, but he was totally confused and then judged Luthfie. Finally, both Patra and Luthfie must be jailed for 12 hours for the punishment.
  • On Day 18, Renata became the new Captain after defeated Aga in the game.
  • On Day 18, all of the Housemates got 400 coins to buy the basic necessities for a week.
  • On Day 20, The Rich and The Poor switched places.
  • On Day 22, all of the Housemates played the game "Who Am I".
  • Aga became the second Housemate evicted on Day 24.
  • Captain Game; all of the Housemates (except the previous Captain) joined the quiz game. The winner will be the new Captain. Renata became the winner of this quiz game after defeating Aga in the final round.
  • Fill and Plug the Gallon; all of the Housemates (except Captain) divided into 3 groups. Group 1 are Maurice, Luthfie, Aga, and Dey. Group 2 are Alan, Jane, Tengku, Shinta, and Ade. Group 3 are Derek, Widi, Afrie, and Patra. Two players from the group must plug the holes on the gallon while one player fill the water and another player answering the question to get the plug. Group with the fast time filling the water will be the winner. Group 3 was the winner with 5 minutes and 40 seconds. The winner got a gift that is playing PSP for 2 hours. Another groups which were lost got a punishment that is they must hold an egg whatever they do and wherever they are.
  • Matching the Socks; The Rich will tell the sock's identification and The Poor will find the sock. Captain as the referee decided to win The Poor, because The Rich said a wrong identification. The Poor as the winner got a gift from Big Brother to exchange position with The Rich. So The Poor now "The Rich" while The Rich became "The Poor".
  • Separate the Food; The Poor and The Rich must separate the food's necessities such as rice, soybin and nuts which has been mixed as one. Both of the groups won this game and got a gift from Big Brother so many delicious foods.
  • The Rich and The Poor; Housemates were divided into 2 groups. First group are Ade, Jane, Luthfie, Afrie, Patra, Maurice, and Shinta, they became "The Rich" while another group; Widi, Aga, Derek, Alan, Tengku, and Dey became "The Poor". For a week, "The Rich" will live on the house, while "The Poor" must live on the backyard. Both "The Rich" or "The Poor" cannot enter another group's area. "The Poor", if they wanna use the bathroom and the worship room, must requesting permission to "The Rich". "The Rich", if they wanna go to the smoking room and the storage room, they must requesting permission too. Even "The Poor"'s place was so pathetic, but they found so many red coins on the backyard (red coins can be used to buy personal's necessities). Captain are neutral on this task.
  • Miniature of Monas; The Poor and The Rich must build the miniature of Monumen Nasional using ice cream stick. The Rich build the foundation while The Poor build the top.
Week 4
  • This week began with having some new alliances. The first alliance were Luthfie, Maurice, Patra, and Afrie against the other alliance such as Derek, Jane, Ade, Shinta, Tengku, and Widi who has dominate the house since the first week.
  • The previous Captain, Renata, didn't get any punishments, because ten housemates considered that her leadership was success, while three other said that her leadership was failed.
  • On Day 24, Luthfie became the new Captain after winning 4 votes from another housemates.
  • On this week, housemates divided into 3 groups. Group 1 were Shinta, Ade, Jane, and Maurice. Group 2 were Renata, Dey, Widi, and Afrie. Group 3 were Derek, Alan, Tengku and Patra. This week they played all competitions and tasks together with their group.
  • On Day 26, to celebrate the National Education Day, all of the housemates must wear the Indonesian elementary school's costume during that day.
  • On Day 27, most of housemates; except Maurice, did some violations. The red coin holder, Patra and Shinta, spend their coins to buy some pizzas and ice cream. Actually, they shouldn't give what they buy to another housemates. But they gave to another housemates. Housemates tried to hide when they eat the pizzas and ice cream, but Big Brother knew it. Luthfie as Captain, Patra and Shinta as red coin holder, must be jailed for 12 hours for that violation.
  • On Day 28, Afrie's got a secret mission from Big Brother to become a deaf man and annoy the housemates. He was success and got a prize such as watching a football match between Real Madrid and Barcelona.
  • Two housemates celebrated their birthday on this week, Luthfie (Day 29) and Jane (Day 31).
  • Dey became the third housemate evicted on Day 31.
  • Ranking 1; The groups competed on quiz to become the first ranking. Group 3 as the winner won two red coins as the prize and Group 1 as the runner-up won a red coin as the prize. Group 2 didn't get anything because they were lost.
  • Simpati Games I: Finding simPATI; The groups competed to find "simPATI" word on a big kapok pool. Group 2, as the winner, won Rp 10.000.000 ($1000).
  • Candy Pulley; The groups competed to relay a candy from one to the others. Group 2, as the winner, won a phone call to home.
  • Performing Arts; The groups must make a unique performing arts. Each groups must have a different performing arts. On Da 30, Group 1 performed Cheerleaders, Group 2 performed Pantomime Show, and Group 3 performed Parody of Musical Theater. The performing arts held on the backyard and judged by Rudy Wowor (dancer), Ruben Onsu (comedian), and Audy (singer). They were successful on this task.
  • Egg Tower; The groups must build a tower from an egg and pipes and then keep it standing for 15 minutes. They failed on this task, because Group 3 can't keep the tower stand for 15 minutes.
Week 5
  • Luthfie, the previous Captain, didn't get any punishments because all housemates, except Patra, considered that his leadership was successful. After exit from Big Brother House, Luthfie will get Rp 5.000.000,- ($500) for his success.
  • There was a new rule on this week. Captain has the right to nominate one of the housemates for become the nomination with no exception. Captain will tell his nomination directly in front of the housemates.
  • On Day 31, Derek became the new Captain after winning 12 votes, defeated Alan who won 8 votes.
  • Most of the housemates (except Renata, Maurice, Luthfie and Shinta), did so many violations on the weekly task "Injak Karpet". They did almost 31 violations, whether intentional or not. Because of that violations, Big Brother decrease their blue coins from 400 pieces to 155 pieces.
  • On Day 36, Renata got a secret mission from Big Brother. She must get a hug from two female housemates without being asked by them. She was successful and awarded 3 red coins. Besides Renata, Luthfie won five red coins after becoming the fastest to pick up the Surprise Call from simPATI.
  • Widi became the fourth Housemate evicted on Day 38.
  • Ping Pong Pinggang (Hips Ping Pong); Housemates must wiggle their hips to release the ping pong balls from the tissue box that placed on their hips. Luthfie became the winner after beating Jane on the final round. As the winner, he got a prize to eat whatever he want for his dinner.
  • Coins on Stocking; Housemates, with their own pair, must release the coins that stored in a stocking with just one hand. The pair Maurice and Tengku won this competition after beating Derek and Widi on the final round. As the winner, they were awarded two red coins.
  • Simpati Games II: Putting The Water Into The Tube; Housemates must put colored water into a tube as much as possible while going through a slippery course. Derek won the game, earning him 5 red coins and Rp 5.000.000 ($500)
  • Injak Karpet (Step on the Carpet); This week, housemates were divided into four groups, White Group (Renata, Maurice, Luthfie), Red Group (Derek, Jane, Afrie), Green Group (Widi, Patra, Shinta), and Blue Group (Alan, Tengku, Ade). Each groups received five carpets for three housemates from Big Brother. Housemates must step on the carpet everywhere they move and everywhere they are, except on Big Brother Room. Every violation they did will decrease their blue coins (which is used for buying the basic necessities). Housemates did so many violations on this task.
Week 6
  • Derek, the previous Captain, got a punishment because six out of ten housemates voted that he failed. He must be jailed for about 12 hours for the punishment.
  • On Day 38, Alan became the new Captain after being chosen by Luthfie who became the fastest to pick up the Surprise Call from Big Brother.
  • On Day 41, Big Brother announced a new power, The Power of Veto. All housemates except the nominations will compete to win The Power of Veto. The Veto holder could save one of the nominees and then put another housemates to the nominations.
  • Luthfie, as The Veto holder, saved Jane from the nominations and put Renata into the nomination.
  • On Day 41, Captain Alan was given a task by Big Brother. He must train a parrot named Rafael to say "Big Brother" within 3 days.
  • Ade became the fifth Housemate evicted on Day 45.
  • POV: Throw the Coconuts; Housemates, except the nominees, must throw coconuts into the right squares according to their color. Luthfie won the very first Power of Veto.
  • Mini Labyrinth; Housemates, with their own pair, compete to move the ball on a mini labyrinth without falling into the holes. Patra and Ade won this competition and awarded a special dinner.
  • Farming; Housemates should take care of goats and chickens which was given by Big Brother. Each goats and chickens which has a stable weight, then Housemates awarded 30 blue coins by Big Brother.
Week 7
  • Alan, the previous Captain, didn't get any punishments because all housemates voted that he was successful.
  • On Day 45, Shinta became the new Captain after beating Afrie by a vote 7-6.
  • Derek, as The Veto holder, saved Renata from the nominations and put Maurice into the nomination.
  • The eviction was cancelled, so there's no one evicted on this week.
  • POV: Arrange the Picture; Housemates, except the nominees, must arrange the pictures which are located on the living room as fast as they can. Derek won the Power of Veto.
  • Mystery Ball; Housemates must choose one of three balls, Blue Balls (Reward: Blue Coins), Red Balls (Reward: Red Coins), and Mystery Balls. Only Patra, Shinta and Maurice who picked the mystery balls. As the rewards, Patra could steal Afrie's red coins, Shinta got two chickens, while Maurice must be jailed with Renata.
  • Traditional Week; Housemates were divided into three ethnic groups, Melayu (Afrie, Jane, Luthfie), Madura (Derek, Alan, Renata), Betawi (Patra, Maurice, Tengku). On this week, those ethnic groups must wear traditional costume, use vernacular based on their ethnic groups, practice their abilities in making Batik, and cook based on their ethnic groups. Melayu group became the winner in cooking competition.
Week 8
  • Shinta, the previous Captain, didn't get any punishments because all housemates voted that she was successful.
  • On Day 52, Tengku became the new Captain after picked a different hat than what another housemates pick.
  • Big Brother changed the Power of Veto's competition rule. Each nominees will choose a housemate to represent them in the competition. If their choice win the competition, the nominees would directly safe. Then, the nominees could put another housemates to replace them in the nomination.
  • Jane and Luthfie, as the Veto holder, put Patra and Derek into the nomination.
  • Maurice became the sixth Housemate evicted on Day 59.
  • POV: Big Brother's Hockey; Jane picked Afrie, Luthfie picked Renata, and Maurice picked Derek to play in the POV Competition. They must flick the "hockey ball" with their fingers to the red sign as close as they can. Renata won this competition, so Luthfie was saved but he didn't win the POV, because the rule said that the loser is the winner. Afrie lost, so Jane won the Power of Veto.
  • Big Brother's Boot Camp; This week, housemates got a very hard army training from Big Brother, which could test them mentally and physically.
Week 9
  • Tengku, the previous Captain, didn't get any punishments because all housemates voted that she was successful.
  • On Day 60, Afrie became the new Captain after beating Jane in Captain Game.
  • There was no eviction on this week.
  • Captain Game, Afrie and Jane, who had never been Captains since the first week, compete in this game. They should throw bracelet into a cone. Afrie won this game and become the new Captain, while Jane, who lost in this game, will be the next Captain for two consecutive weeks.
  • Theme: Pirates
  • Group: Alis Nukik; Alan as the leader, Derek, Tengku, Jane. Jenggot Hitam; Renata as the leader, Shinta, Patra, Luthfie andri.

Nominations Table

Each weeks, housemates are instructed to nominate two fellow housemates for eviction. Housemates can't choose themself for eviction and can't choose Captain too, because Captain was immune from eviction. Three housemates that received the most nominations will be nominated for the eviction. Public will decide who they want to evict by voting via text message. The housemate with the most votes will be evicted. But, start from Final Round, The housemate with the lowest votes will be evicted.

Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6 Week 7 Week 8 Week 9 Week 10 Week 11 Week 13 Week 15 Week 17 Week 19 Week 23
Final
Nominations received
House
Captain
Roy Patra Rene Luthfie Derek Alan Shinta Tengku Afrie Jane Jane Tengku None
Captain's
Nomination
NoneWidi Ade Luthfie Luthfie Patra Rene Alan
Afrie
Jane
Alan No
Nomination
Jane
Widi
Luthfie
Aga
Maurice
Widi
Luthfie
Jane
House
Captain
Rene
Jane
Derek
Jane
Luthfie
Rene
Shinta
Luthfie
Shinta
Derek
Patra Derek
Jane
Rene Derek Winner
(Day 164)
11
Derek No
Nomination
Ade
Dey
Luthfie
Dey
Dey
Patra
House
Captain
Patra
Maurice
Rene
Maurice
Maurice
Alan
Luthfie
Tengku
Shinta
Luthfie
Alan
Afrie
Not
Eligible
Alan
Tengku
Tengku
Alan
Tengku Runner-up
(Day 164)
25
Rene No
Nomination
Luthfie
Roy
Aga
Luthfie
Patra
Afrie
Patra
Afrie
Ade
Afrie
Jane
Patra
Afrie
Maurice
Luthfie
Shinta
Shinta
Luthfie
Shinta
Afrie
Nominated Derek
Shinta
Derek
Shinta
DerekThird place
(Day 164)
21
Tengku No
Nomination
Roy
Aga
Aga
Dey
Patra
Maurice
Jane
Maurice
Derek
Jane
Derek
Jane
House
Captain
Luthfie
Rene
Shinta
Luthfie
Shinta
Derek
House
Captain
Derek
Jane
Derek
Shinta
Derek Evicted
(Day 150)
9
Shinta No
Nomination
Luthfie
Ade
Aga
Luthfie
Patra
Maurice
Patra
Maurice
Patra
Maurice
House
Captain
Patra
Maurice
Luthfie
Rene
Rene
Luthfie
Rene
Patra
Rene Derek
Rene
Derek
Tengku
Rene Evicted
(Day 129)
22
Jane No
Nomination
Alan
Roy
Luthfie
Afrie
Patra
Afrie
Patra
Alan
Patra
Maurice
Rene
Maurice
Maurice
Alan
Luthfie
Shinta
House
Captain
House
Captain
Nominated Alan
Tengku
Evicted
(Day 115)
28
Patra No
Nomination
Ade
Roy
Aga
Dey
Dey
Widi
Jane
Ade
Jane
Shinta
Rene
Jane
Rene
Jane
Rene
Shinta
Shinta
Luthfie
Tengku
Alan
Nominated Evicted
(Day 101)
23
Afrie No
Nomination
Luthfie
Ade
Luthfie
Ade
Derek
Ade
Ade
Luthfie
Ade
Shinta
Rene
Jane
Maurice
Shinta
House
Captain
Rene
Luthfie
Shinta
Rene
Evicted
(Day 87)
13
Luthfie No
Nomination
Ade
Tengku
Jane
Tengku
Jane
Derek
Patra
Alan
Derek
Jane
Derek
Jane
Derek
Jane
Rene
Patra
Shinta
Rene
Ejected
(Day 73)
32
Maurice No
Nomination
Afrie
Shinta
Shinta
Afrie
Jane
Shinta
Jane
Shinta
Derek
Jane
Derek
Jane
Derek
Jane
Evicted
(Day 59)
17
Ade No
Nomination
Jane
Afrie
Luthfie
Dey
Patra
Dey
Patra
Maurice
Derek
Patra
Evicted
(Day 45)
15
Widi No
Nomination
Luthfie
Ade
Aga
Luthfie
Patra
Maurice
Afrie
Alan
Evicted
(Day 38)
5
Dey No
Nomination
Roy
Ade
Luthfie
Jane
Patra
Derek
Evicted
(Day 31)
8
Aga No
Nomination
Luthfie
Ade
Widi
Ade
Evicted
(Day 24)
7
Roy House
Captain
Luthfie
Ade
Evicted
(Day 17)
5
Notes 1 none 2 none 3 none 4 none 5 6 7 8 9 1010 101010 11 none
Nominated
(pre-veto)
NoneAde
Luthfie
Roy
Luthfie
Aga
Dey
Patra
Maurice
Dey
Derek
Widi
Patra
Jane
Patra
Derek
Jane
Ade
Jane
Rene
Luthfie
Maurice
Jane
Luthfie
Luthfie
Rene
Patra
Luthfie
Shinta
Rene
Shinta
Alan
Afrie
Patra
Rene
Jane
Derek
Alan
Tengku
Jane
Derek
Tengku
Shinta
Rene
Derek
Tengku
Rene
Derek
Alan
Rene
Power
of veto
NoneLuthfieDerek Luthfie
Jane
None Shinta
Luthfie
None Alan Tengku None
Nominated
for Eviction
(post-veto)
Patra
Derek
Ade
Rene
Jane
Luthfie
Maurice
Maurice
Patra
Derek
Luthfie
Shinta
Patra
Derek
Tengku
Jane
Derek
Shinta
Rene
Ejected None Luthfie None
Evicted No
Eviction
Roy
Fewest votes
to save
Aga
Fewest votes
to save
Dey
Fewest votes
to save
Widi
Fewest votes
to save
Ade
Fewest votes
to save
Eviction
Cancelled
Maurice
Fewest votes
to save
Eviction
Cancelled
Eviction
Cancelled
Afrie
Fewest votes
to save
Patra
Fewest votes
to save
Jane
25.75%
to save
Shinta
30.9%
to save
Tengku
30.26%
to save
Rene
17.32%
to win
Derek
40.5%
to win
Alan
42.18%
to win

Notes

^1 : There was no eviction in the first week, because Big Brother wanted the housemates to know each other closer.
^2 : Because of a tie break between Dey and Derek with three nomination votes, there were 4 nominations on week 4.
^3 : There was a new rule on this week. Captain has the right to nominate one of the housemates for become the nomination with no exception.
^4 : Producers decided to cancel the eviction and void the nominations on the seventh week. No reason was given for this decision.
^5 : Producers decided to cancel the eviction again on the ninth week. No reason was given for this decision.
^6 : Eviction was cancelled on the tenth week when Luthfie ejected.
^7 : Luthfie ejected from Big Brother House on the tenth week due to lying to the production about his identity and background.
^8 : Captain must choose 2 Housemates between Alan, Afrie, Derek, & Rene for nomination.
^9 : There was no eviction on the eleventh week.
^10 : Eviction will held once in two weeks.
^11 : On the night Shinta was evicted, Shinta could choose a Housemate to be automatically nominated and she chose Rene.

Nominations total received

Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6 Week 7 Week 8 Week 9 Week 10 Week 11 Week 13 Week 15 Week 17 Week 19 Final Total
Alan 1 0 0 3 0 0 2 0 0 3 0 2 1 0 Winner 12
Derek 0 0 3 0 4 3 3 0 0 2 0 4 3 3 Runner-up 21
Rene 0 0 0 0 0 5 1 5 4 2 1 1 1 1 Third place 7
Tengku 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 2 2 1 Evicted 8
Shinta 1 1 1 1 2 0 1 3 6 4 0 1 2 Evicted 14
Jane 2 2 2 4 4 7 4 0 0 0 1 2 Evicted 22
Patra 0 0 8 5 4 1 1 2 0 1 1 Evicted 20
Afrie 2 2 2 2 1 0 1 1 0 3 Evicted 13
Luthfie 6 9 0 2 0 1 1 6 7 Evicted 18
Maurice 0 0 4 3 3 2 5 Evicted 15
Ade 9 2 1 2 3 Evicted 17
Widi 1 1 2 1 Evicted 5
Dey 1 4 3 Evicted 8
Aga 1 6 Evicted 7
Roy 5 Evicted 5

References

  1. "'Big Brother Indonesia' entered Kick Off". KapanLagi.com. April 10, 2011.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.