Bidar Air Force Station

Bidar Air Force Station
Country	India
Branch	Indian Air Force
Type	Flying Training Establishment
Role	Intermediate Jet Fighter Training (Kiran) and Advanced Jet Fighter Training (Hawk) - Flying, Ground and Technical
Part of	Training Command
Garrison/HQ	AF Stn Bidar
Colors	Navy blue, sky blue & white
Equipment	Fighter Aircraft
Disbanded	52 Squadron (The Sharks) aka Surya Kiran Aerobatic Team on 30 June 2011
Aircraft flown
Trainer	Hawk Mk 132 since November 2007, Kiran MkII till July 2012

The Chief of the Air Staff, Air Chief Marshal Arup Raha presenting the Best Flying Training Establishment Trophy to the Air Officer Commanding, Air Force Station, Bidar, Air Commodore M. Khanna, during the Annual Commanders’ Conference of Training Command, at Bangalore on May 15, 2014.

Air Force Station, Bidar is one of the Premier Flying Training establishments of the Indian Air Force. It was established during World War II, has been a training centre for budding pilots of the IAF since 1963. The air base had trainer aircraft like HT2 and various variants of Kiran aircraft for nearly four decades.^[1] Now it has been remodelled and refurbished for the arrival of the Hawks. The runway has been extended to 9,000 feet and new facilities for aircraft and engine maintenance and testing are built.^[2]

It is home for the second biggest training centre in the country. Graduates from the Air Force Academy come here to learn the skills and techniques to become a next generation fighter pilot before being assigned to one of the combat units of the world’s fourth-largest air force.^[2] Around 60-90 sorties per day are flown from the base thereby generating the highest amount of single-engine flying hours in the country from this air base.

Once the home base for 52nd Squadron, the station now houses the three Hawk Operational Training Squadrons (HOTS-A Aggressors, HOTS-B Bravehearts and HOTS-C Cheetahs). In addition the Weapon System Operators' School also functions here. A fourth Squadron is ready to be raised shortly.^[3] In a phased manner, 66 Hawk aircraft are to be added to the AFS Bidar.

Location

Hawk Operational Training Squadron, Air Force Station Bidar

Bidar is located in Karnataka, India, away from the bigger hubs and is excellent for airspace and weather. Being located on the Deccan Plateau provides protection from the tropical conditions that are experienced on the coast. Flying conditions are invariably good all year round and the climate is relatively mild – except from mid-March to mid-May – so the training base don’t lose many sorties to bad weather which is important as the trainees aren’t instrument rated so they cannot fly in poor conditions.^[2]

Surya Kiran Aerobatic Team

The Suryakiran Aerobatic Team (SKAT) flew its first 6 aircraft formation sortie on 27 May 96 at AFS Bidar. Unlike most teams, which fly either frontline fighter aircraft or advanced jet trainers, SKAT flies an indigenous basic jet trainer, the Kiran MK II.

Surya Kirans in display for the last time in Aero India 2011

Overview

The Station was also the home of the Surya Kiran Aerobatic Team. The team was a true ambassador of IAF. However, after their dazzling display during Aero India 2011, to meet its increasing training requirements, the IAF took decision to disband the team on June 30, 2011.^[3]

History

Aerobatic Team is associated with Bidar AFS since 1990 with arrival of four-aircraft team called the Formation Aerobatic Team from Thunderbolt which were set up on Kiran trainers. The SKAT was born in 1996 and developed over time. It was conferred with Squadron status in 2006.

Training

Pilots serving as Qualified Flying Instructors (QFIs) with approximately 1000 hours of experience on fighter aircraft can volunteer to be a part of the SKAT. Volunteers are invited to fly with the team, where their performance and personality traits are evaluated. Over the next six months or so, selected pilots then fly 70-75 sorties practising various manoeuvres before they get into the formation flying team.

The average tenure of a SKAT pilot is about three years. Two new pilots join the team every six months. Starting at high altitude with a single aircraft sortie, with the team leader or the deputy team leader in the Kiran’s left-hand seat, the trainee moves on to two-aircraft and then three-aircraft formation flying. After mastering the skill of flying with two aircraft on either side, the trainee then goes in for four-aircraft and six-aircraft sorties before finally graduating on to nine-aircraft sorties. All types of rolls, loops, dives and formations are flown at various training stages.^[4]

Composition

The team is led by a Commanding Officer who is also the leader of the formation during display sorties. The squad has 13 pilots out of whom nine perform at any given time. These display aircraft have enthralled audiences with their manoeuvres, since their inception in 1996. Senior and experienced fighter pilots are chosen to be part of the prestigious SKAT, which uses the IAF’s basic HJT-16 Kiran Mk-2 trainer aircraft.^[5]

Formations and Manoeuvres

To perform the manoeuvres, a pilot requires tremendous concentration, grit and determination to take the aircraft to the extremes of its envelope.

• The most popular and also the most dangerous formation of the SKAT has been of the nine aircraft taking off in a V-shaped formation of three and joining up in close formation, manoeuvring between speeds of 150 and 650 km per hour with their wing tips a mere 5 metres apart.^[6]
• Six Kiran trainer jets streak barely 50 metres above the ground in an arrowhead formation. With their wingtips separated by just five metres, they move into a diamond formation and roll towards their left to form a "card" formation with three aircraft flying abreast and another three trailing just behind.
• Reforming again after "synchro head-on cross", where two aircraft on the same level cross each other at a relative speed of 1100 kph with a separation of just five metres, the brightly painted red and white aircraft, with their exhausts trailing smoke, dive vertically and then pull up again in different directions to simulate a bomb burst.

Kiran Mk II

In July, 2012, the final Kiran Mk II aircraft flew out of Bidar to Tambaram. This aircraft was in Bidar for almost three decades.^[3]

Hawk Mk 132

Hawk Induction Ceremony at AFS Bidar

Overview

Flying training at AFS Bidar is now done on the Hawk Mk 132 aircraft. With the arrival of enhanced number of trainees and full complement of Hawk aircraft, the training academy is abuzz with activity. The station roars with engine noises throughout the day. The Hawk brings a huge step-up in capability as a training aircraft, bridging the gap between the basic piston-engined trainer and the high performance flying of an advanced fighter aircraft. It is aerodynamically much more forgiving and is a great introduction for trainee pilots to familiarise on before they go into fighters.^[2]

The Chief of the Air Staff, Air Chief Marshal Arup Raha in a HAWK MK 132 simulator at Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd., during the Aero India-2015, in Bangalore on February 19, 2015.

The stage-III training, ahead of the pilots graduating to the supersonic jets such as MiG-21s, Jaguars, Mirages and Sukhoi SU-30MKIs. is carried out as the Station is the mother base for Hawk Mk 132 aircraft. Modern servicing facilities have been created which bench-mark the maintenance philosophy of IAF. The average airmen earlier worked with basic tools for servicing the aircraft. He has now become tech savvy in tune with the requirements of modern aircraft.^[3]

The Hawk Mk 132 is a variant of the highly successful BAE Systems. It incorporates an open architecture mission computer, glass cockpit and a state of the art avionics suite including a new generation Inertial Navigation System with GPS (INGPS). It is also equipped with several Indian made components such as the communication sets, Identification Friend or Foe (IFF) system and the radio altimeter. In addition to being an advanced jet trainer, Hawk Mk 132 is fully combat capable and can carry air to air missile and air to ground armament. It could also be used as a lightweight fighter.^[7] Hawk can also be flown at night and perform a wide range of aerobatic manoeuvres.

History

The need for an AJT was first articulated by the IAF in 1982 and ever since has remained high on IAF’s agenda for procurement. The IAF felt that there existed a quantum difference in the skill and judgement levels required of a yong fighter pilot as he transited to state of the art fighters such as the Su-30 MKI, Mirage 2000 and MiG-29. The Hawk 132 would adequately serve as lead in trainer for these advanced aircraft.^[7]

The first flypast of Hawk aircraft after induction into the Indian Air Force at Air Force Station, Bidar

Two Hawk Mk 132 advanced jet trainer (AJT) aircraft that departed BAE Systems', Warton airfield in UK on 8 November 2007, reached Air Force Station Bidar on 12 November 2007. The Hawk pair flown by a mix crew of BAE Systems and IAF pilots, Wing Commander Pankaj Jain and Squadron Leader Tarun Hindwani, first landed in India at the Jamnagar airbase while ferrying from Muscat, their previous stopover, on their way to Bidar. The AJT pair was escorted into Bidar airspace by the Suryakirans streaming national colours. Air Marshal GS Chaudhry, Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief, Training Command and Air Commodore Ramesh Rai, AOC, AFS Bidar, oversaw the first arrival of the aircraft. This heralded yet another saga towards meeting the training requirements of the IAF pilots.^[8]

Of the 66 aircraft being purchased, 24 were developed, built and supplied by BAE Systems, UK; while Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL), Bengaluru is to manufacture the remaining 42 aircraft under licence in India.^[8]

Bidar airfield, located in the North West of Karnataka, approx 150 km from Hyderabad, was chosen as the main operating base for the Hawk. This base has been a training establishment for budding fighter pilots of the IAF since 1963. To ensure the smooth induction of the Hawk, the Air Warriors under the command of Air Commodore Ramesh Rai have worked tirelessly to put the required infrastructure in place. They were, at all stages, assisted by the local civil authorities and population. The work services included extension of the two runways, improvement in landing facilities and creation of servicing facilities for the technology intensive Hawk aircraft.^[7]

Training

Hawk Operational Training Squadron

Training includes a large amount of classroom-based tuition – of a typical 4.5 hour flying sortie only 50 minutes is actually spent flying the Hawk – and Bidar base now has a fully computer-aided learning system for the instruction of pilots, engineers and technicians. The classroom is backed by a staff of 35 instructors which has a suite of screen-based training modules available to teach students in the areas of mechanics, avionics and weapons. In keeping with the need to accelerate the training syllabus, the new system marks a step-change in capability for the IAF – a tremendous benefit given the required high throughput of pilots from the base.^[2]

Hawk Mk 132 Simulator

The day starts very early for the budding fighter pilots and their instructor. The aim of these young enthusiasts is to get their aircraft airborne at the first light. The Operational (crew) rooms of the Hawk Squadrons have the latest online briefing tools. They include the Software for Training and Operation Resource Management (STORM). It links the crew rooms with met briefing centre and Air Traffic Control centres to the various briefing rooms, Crew rooms, Air Traffic Control centre, DSS. The flying-related activities continue throughout the day and foster the desire to do better the next day. The briefings and debriefing tools are quite modern, using systems like MPDS (Mission Planning and Debriefing System), VDS (Video Debriefing System) and HUMS (Health and Usage Monitoring System). The sortie preparation is also strenuous. The simulator exercises are even more intricate and exhausting.

Facilities

Olympic Size Swimming Pool at AFS Bidar

Life is tough for a budding fighter pilot in the Squadron. But the station has also provided him with several avenues for rest and recuperation. The upgraded sports infrastructure of the Station also includes an Olympic-size swimming pool. It has a viewing gallery, synthetic volleyball court, glass squash court and tennis and Badminton courts.

The trainees are housed in well furnished rooms. Music enthusiasts have avenues to fine-tune their talent in the music club at the Station. The Trainee Officers' Mess which serves delicious food becomes a centre of activity, especially during the week-ends. The Station personnel use some of these facilities and have Akash Open Air Theatre, walking tracks, sports and recreation facilities in their own areas of living.^[3]

Significance

The induction of Hawk aircraft in the IAF has not only brought in a modern trainer into the IAF, but an entire Hawk culture. This culture focuses on honesty, discipline in air and ground and steadfast adherence to SOPs. The modern training philosophy is in tune with the IAF watch word “People First Mission Always”. At the end of the one-year training, the Station produces a fine fighter pilot, a humane gentleman and an honest officer. For its excellence in all spheres, especially in training of pilots, the Station was adjudged as the Best Flying Training Establishment in 2011 and 2014. The Station is also the proud winner of many other trophies for excellence in various other activities.

The Station and the Air Force is looking forward to the formation of a new aerobatic team with Hawk Mk 132 aircraft. Efforts for this are in progress at Air HQ. Before the team is formed, the Station aims to improve its infrastructure to train many more IAF and Indian Navy pilots. The Station also aims to provide best professionals to the Operational Squadrons. This will bring in the Hawk culture of dedication, discipline and honesty in its truest sense all over the Air Force.

Accidents

• On 18 March 2006, Wing Commander Dheeraj Bhatia and Squadron Leader Shailendra Singh lost their lives while flying the Kiran aircraft. This was the first-ever crash involving a Surya Kiran team. It seems neither man nor machine was at fault. Aerobatics is a risky business. The reaction time is a fraction of a second. In all probability, therefore, it was an accident - This was how senior IAF officials described the crash.^[9] However, later, the cause of accident was established as human error (aircrew).A continuous and multi-faceted effort is always underway in the IAF to enhance and upgrade flight safety.^[10]
• A Kiran aircraft of the Indian Air Force (IAF) crashed near Air Force Station, Bidar on 21 January 2009 kiling Wing Commander Daliwal.^[11] The incident occurred during a routine practice session by IAF’s aerobatics team. This was the second fatal Surya Kiran air mishap.^[12]

Distinguished Officers

• Flight Lieutenant Rajika Sharma of the Station was the first Women Officer to scale the mighty Mt Everest. She was a met officer posted to the Station when she achieved this distinction.^[3]
• The team comprising Squadron Leader R Raman and Flt Lt Rohan Anand, both of this Station, were the proud runners-up of IAF Squash Championship in 2011-12 and 2012-13.^[3]
• A number of sportsmen took part in the inter-command championships and brought laurels to the Station and to Training Command.^[3]
• Air Marshal Ramesh Rai has commanded theAir Force Station, Bidar and Advance HQ at Kolkata. The HAWK advanced Jet Trainers (AJT) were inducted during his tenure at Air Force Station Bidar wherein he pioneered the training system on the AJT. He served as of Central Air Command before taking over as AOC-in-C, Training Command.^[13]
• Air Marshal Paramjit Singh Gill AVSM VM, Senior Air Staff Officer (SASO) of WAC, was Chief Instructor (CI) at Air Force Stn Bidar^[14]
• Air Marshal VR Iyer, Air Officer in charge Personnel at Air HQ being a qualified flying instructor, he has imparted training at Air Force Station Bidar.^[15]
• Chief of the Air Staff, Air Chief Marshal PV Naik VSM ADC, had commanded the AFS Bidar.^[16]

Galleries

• 
  Hawk flying over AFS Bidar
• 
  Indian Air Force BAE Systems Hawk 132 Lofting-1

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bidar Air Force Station.