Berlin–Lehrte railway

Berlin–Lehrte railway

A train leaving Lehrte station in 2012
Overview
Native name Lehrter Bahn
Locale Lower Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, Brandenburg, Berlin
Line number
  • 6107 Berlin Hbf–Lehrte
  • 6185 HSL from Berlin-Spandau to Oebisfelde
  • 6399 Oebisfelde–Fallersleben (3 tracks)
Technical
Line length 239.3 km (148.7 mi)
Number of tracks
  • 1–3
  • 2, combined with HSL (Bamme junction–Ribbeck junction)
Track gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) standard gauge
Electrification 15 kV/16.7 Hz AC
Overhead catenary (partly)
Operating speed 200 km/h (120 mph) (maximum)
Route number
  • 204 Berlin–Stendal
  • 301 Stendal–Wolfsburg
  • 300 Wolfsburg–Lehrte
  • 349
Route map

 from Hanover
 from and to Celle
 239.3 Lehrte
 old route to Hildesheim
 to Hildesheim, to Brunswick
 231.1 Immensen-Arpke
 223.9 Dollbergen
 Fuhse
 219.7 Dedenhausen
 Plockhorst junction, to Plockhorst (high level)
 216.3 Plockhorst (low level), Brunswick–Celle
 213.7 Meinersen
 211.8 Oker
 206.3 Leiferde (b Gifhorn)
 205.7 Leiferde (b Gifhorn)
 from Uelzen
 from Brunswick, until 1913
 198.4 Gifhorn
 to Brunswick, since 1913
 Elbe Lateral Canal tunnel (970 m)
 192.1 Calberlah
 Mittelland Canal
 186.3 from Brunswick, since 1942
 185.6 Fallersleben
 to Brunswick, until 1942
 180.9 Wolfsburg
 176.5 Vorsfelde
 Danndorf
 to Schandelah, 1955–75
Aller
Lower Saxony–Saxony-Anhalt state border
 from Schandelah, to 1945
 from Helmstedt
 from Wittingen
267.9   167.3 Oebisfelde
 To Haldensleben
 (flying junction)
Salzwedel
 Mittelland Canal (108 m)
 157.7 Miesterhorst
 151.6 Mieste
 145.2 Solpke
 238.7   137.5 Gardelegen / crossover
 To Haldensleben
 131.3 Jävenitz
 124.0 Uchtspringe
 117.8 Vinzelberg
 216.8   115.8 Nahrstedt junction
 112.4 Möringen (Altm)
 (beginning of Stendal southern bypass)
 From Uelzen, from Wittenberge
 105.1 Stendal
To Alstom (Stendal depot),
formerly to Borstel
 To Magdeburg
 To Tangermünde
 (end of Stendal southern bypass)
 99.9 Bindfelde junction
 198.8             Staffelde junction
 97.1 Hämerten (station until 1998)
 Elbe bridge, Hämerten (810 m)
 192.3     92.3 Schönhausen (Elbe)/Schönhausen HGV
 To Genthin
 To Sandau
 85.8 Schönhauser Damm
 Saxony-Anhalt/Brandenburg state border
 79.4 Großwudicke
 Havel (230 m)
 From Brandenburg
 170.9     70.9 Rathenow
 To Neustadt (Dosse)
 165.6     65.6 Bamme junction
 160.7   (60.7) Nennhausen
 152.2   (52.2) Buschow
 148.5     48.9 Ribbeck junction
 43.5 Groß Behnitz
 Osthavelland District Railway
 35.7 Neugarten junction from Ketzin
 35.4 Neugarten
 From Nauen
 130.5     30.4 Wustermark
 Havel Canal (86 m)
 A 10
 To outer ring
 Berlin outer ring
 From outer ring
 26.3 Elstal
 Wustermark Rbf
 24.1 Wustermark Rbf Wot (junction)
 22.2 Dallgow-Döberitz
 18.5 Berlin-Staaken
 Brandenburg–Berlin state border
 16.6 Berlin-Staaken
 115.9     15.9 Berlin Nennhauser Damm junction
 From Hamburg
 14.4 Berlin-Spandau freight yard
112.7     12.7 Berlin-Spandau, terminus of
Havel
 Berlin-Stresow
 Spandau Military Railway
 S-Bahn line to Stadtbahn
10.6 Berlin-Ruhleben freight yard
 110.3     10.4 Berlin Wiesendamm junction
 To Stadtbahn
 8.7 Berlin-Charlottenburg junction
 Freight line to Berlin Westkreuz
 Siemensstadt-Fürstenbrunn
 from Gartenfeld
 A 100 (Rudolf-Wissell Bridge)
 From Westend
 From Westkreuz
Spree
 5.7 Jungfernheide
 Charlottenburg Canal
 Beusselstraße
 3.3 Moabit
 Westhafen
 To Wedding
To Gesundbrunnen and HuL
 From Gesundbrunnen
 from Wedding (planned)
North–South mainline Tunnel
 0.0
Berlin Hbf, Lehrter Bf (low level),
Stadtbahn
0.0 Lehrter Bahnhof
 to Berlin Südkreuz
Source: German railway atlas[1]

The Berlin–Lehrte railway, known in German as the Lehrter Bahn (Lehrte Railway), is an east-west line running from Berlin via Lehrte to Hanover. Its period as a separate railway extended from its opening in 1871 to the nationalisation of its owner, the Magdeburg-Halberstadt Railway Company on 1 July 1886. The company’s Berlin station, the Lehrter Bahnhof was finally torn down in 1958.

The 239 km long route, which is still open, runs from Berlin Hauptbahnhof in a westerly direction to Spandau. From there it runs through Rathenow, Stendal, Oebisfelde, Wolfsburg and Gifhorn to Lehrte, where it connects with the Hanover–Brunswick line to Hanover.

The Lehrte railway has a maximum speed of 200 km/h on the busy line between Hanover and Oebisfelde, which forms part of the Hanover–Berlin high-speed line. Between Oebisfelde and Berlin, the new line runs largely parallel with the Lehrte line. The Lehrte line is mostly unelectrified between Wustermark in the western of the suburbs of Berlin and Vorsfelde, near Wolfsburg, as long-distance passenger services use the new line.

History

In 1867, Adolph von Hansemann's Magdeburg-Halberstadt Railway Company (German: Magdeburg-Halberstädter Eisenbahngesellschaft, MHE) obtained the concession for the construction of this line, and a branch from Stendal via Salzwedel to Uelzen, the so-called America Line. The route would reduce the distance between Berlin, Hanover and the Rhine Province compared to the already existing line via Potsdam, Magdeburg and Brunswick. It went into service in the following stages:

Lehrte Station and Moltke Bridge in 1900

The government of Prussia bought the MHE in December 1879 and thus acquired the Berlin–Lehrte railway and it became part of the Prussian state railways. From 1884 the operations in Berlin of the Lehrte Railway were united structurally and operationally more and more with the nearby Hamburg Railway. This was accompanied by the separation of passenger and freight transport in Berlin with the building of the relief line between Wustermark and Nauen, the construction and refurbishment of the Spandau station and the opening of the Wustermark marshalling yard completed before the First World War.

The railway line became increasingly important for passenger and freight transport between Berlin and Hanover, the Ruhr and Bremen. With the division of Germany after the Second World War, the line lost most of its long-distance passenger trains. Because of the need to make reparations, the rail networks in the Soviet occupation zone were reduced to a minimum, partly due to strange, time-consuming operating procedures for rail movements that resulted. In Berlin, the remaining traffic was concentrated on other routes and stations, so that Berlin's Lehrte station ceased operation in 1952. In 1974 a 970 m long cut and cover tunnel was completed under the newly constructed Elbe lateral canal.

Starting in 1976 the line between Wustermark and Berlin began to be used for transit trains between Berlin and Hamburg. New passport inspection facilities were set up in Berlin-Staaken station. After German reunification in 1991, long-distance trains from Berlin to Hanover returned to the line.

High-speed

In the 1980s, planning was untaken on upgrading the Lehrte railway for high-speed transit traffic between West Germany and West Berlin. It was planned to build a new track parallel with the Lehrte railway for transit traffic, with the existing tracks used for the domestic services within the German Democratic Republic. This plan is reflected in the line as built with the old railway, which is still largely not electrified, being used for regional services.

Connection of the Hamburg and Berlin Lehrte railways

The first connection to the new Berlin Ringbahn was built in 1879 when a connection was built in Fürstenbrunn to the Charlottenburg-Westend freight yard (now Westend). This connection was further developed in 1882 to create a link for passenger trains between the Lehrte railway and the Berlin Stadtbahn to connect with Charlottenburg station. For the same purpose a connection was also built in 1882 between the Hamburg railway and the Stadtbahn between Ruhleben and Charlottenburg station.

With the nationalisation of the Hamburg railway in 1884, its operation was further integrated with the Lehrte railway in Berlin and Spandau:

Putlitzstraße station opened in 1898 allowed for the first time transfers between trains on the north ring and suburban trains between Spandau and Berlin's Lehrte station. More stations were opened on the Lehrte railway:

Reconstruction of Spandau railway

Berlin-Spandau Station

The steadily growth of long-distance, suburban and freight services made necessary the radical transformation of the Spandau railway between 1905 and 1912. It was also necessary to relocate freight services, for which the Berlin railway had become too congested, to outer areas.

Between Ruhleben and the Spandau freight yard the old freight line, originally the route of the Lehrte railway was closed in order to create a new eight or six track railway on an embankment on the alignment of the Hamburg railway. Long-distance passenger, suburban and freight services each gained their own pair of tracks.

West of Spandau goods yard (Spandau West), new passenger train tracks were created in 1908 for the Lehrte railway. As previously, east of Spandau the original tracks of the Lehrte railway were available only for freight. In 1909 Wustermark marshalling yard opened, replacing the Spandau marshalling yard and part of the function of several inner Berlin goods yards. In 1911, the Ruhleben goods yard (east of Spandau) opened to traffic with several connecting routes.

At the same time, in order to cope with the increasing commuter traffic, tracks were built connecting the Berlin Stadtbahn with the new Spandau West suburban station west of the Havel, which was opened in 1910. In 1911 the Spandau suburban line was completed, branching off the connection between the Hamburg line and the Stadtbahn at Heerstraße station and passing through Rennbahn (opened in 1909) and Pichelsberg.

With the relocation of the Stadtbahn link between Heerstraße and Charlottenburg in 1928 to the southwest to make room for the new Exhibition Ground separate tracks were built for long-distance and suburban services between Heerstraße and the Stadtbahn. From August 1928, the electrified S-Bahn services were extended to Spandau.

References

  1. ↑ Eisenbahnatlas Deutschland (German railway atlas). Schweers + Wall. 2009. ISBN 978-3-89494-139-0.

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