Stolac

Stolac
Столац

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Location of Stolac Municipality within Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Country  Bosnia and Herzegovina
Entity  Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Government
 • Municipality president Stjepan Bošković (HDZ BiH)
Area
 • Total 331 km2 (128 sq mi)
Population (2013 census)
 • Total 14,889
 • Density 45/km2 (120/sq mi)
Time zone CET (UTC+1)
 • Summer (DST) CEST (UTC+2)
Area code(s) +387 36
Website http://www.stolac.gov.ba

Stolac is a town and municipality in Bosnia and Herzegovina, located in Herzegovina. Administratively, it is part of the Herzegovina-Neretva Canton in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Stolac is situated in the area known as Herzegovina Humina, on the tourist route crossing Herzegovina and linking the Bosnian mountainous hinterland with the coastal regions of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Dubrovnik and Montenegro. The road, running from Sarajevo via Mostar, Stolac, Ljubinje and Trebinje, enables one to reach Dubrovnik in less than 4 hours.

Thanks to the town's favourable natural environment - geological composition, contours, climate, hydrographic and vegetation - Stolac and its area have been settled since ancient times. Its rich hunting-grounds along with other natural benefits attracted prehistoric man, and later the Illyrians, Romans and Slavs, all of whom left a wealth of anthropological evidence.[1]

History

Walls of ancient Daorson, located at Ošanići near Stolac.

The area has been settled for at least 15,000 years, as evidenced by the markings in Badanj Cave, which experts have dated 12,000 - 16,000 BCE. Three kilometers west of Stolac is an impressive stećak necropolis dating back to the 15th and 16th centuries: Radimlja. These stećak tombstones are carved with epitaphs, detailed portraits of the deceased, and motifs such as grape vines, hunting scenes, and wild animals. Five of the Radimlja tombstones are thought to mark the graves of members of the Hrabren Miloradović family.

Ali-paša Rizvanbegović (1783-1851), the semi-independent ruler (vizier) of Ottoman Herzegovina from 1833 to 1851, was born in the Begovina neighbourhood of Stolac.

Architecture

Containing, in one small area, unique cultural and aesthetic values, Stolac's historic core is an example of a complex cultural-historical and natural environmental ensemble. It is an example of the organic connection between human and natural architectures, which also testifies to the fact that the beauty of the location was crucial in its building and planning - the guiding principle often present in the development of mediaeval towns. Nine historical layers compose Stolac's architectural ensemble: pre-history, Illyrian-Roman period, the early Middle Ages, advanced and late Middle Ages, Ottoman period, Austro-Hungarian period, and the time of the first and second Yugoslavia. A multitude of various influences on the architecture of town, in which contrasts and similarities are frequently evident as well as planning and full spontaneity, lend this town a complex image.

Despite its unusual history and inclusion into four empires (Roman, Byzantine, Ottoman, and Austro-Hungarian), three kingdoms (Bosnian, Hungarian and Yugoslav), three world's monotheistic religions - Christianity (Orthodox Christianity and Catholicism), Islam, and Judaism, the historical core of Stolac is still a coherent and harmonious cultural-historical monument with individual properties grown together into one ensemble.[2]

Tourist attractions

Notable people

Demographics

year of census total Bosniaks Croats Serbs Yugoslavs others
1971 19,230 7,113 (36.98%) 7,041 (36.61%) 4,900 (25.48%) 63 (0.32%) 113 (0.58%)
1981 18,910 7,359 (38.91%) 6,410 (33.89%) 4,332 (22.90%) 675 (3.56%) 134 (0.70%)
1991 18,681 8,101 (43.36%) 6,188 (33.12%) 3,917 (20.96%) 307 (1.64%) 168 (0.89%)
2013 14,502 5,544 (38.22%) 8,486 (58.51%) 279 (1.92%) 72 (0.49%)

Following the Dayton peace treaty, the territory of the 1991 municipality of Stolac was divided between the municipality of Stolac in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the new municipality of Berkovići in Republika Srpska, where most of the Bosnian Serbs from Stolac now reside.

Settlements of Stolac municipality, 1991.

Aladinići, Barane, Berkovići, Bitunja, Bjelojevići, Borojevići, Brštanik, Burmazi, Crnići-Greda, Crnići-Kula, Dabrica, Do, Hatelji, Hodovo, Hrgud, Komanje Brdo, Kozice, Kruševo, Ljubljenica, Ljuti Do, Meča, Orahovica, Ošanići, Pješivac-Greda, Pješivac-Kula, Poplat, Poprati, Predolje, Prenj, Rotimlja, Stolac, Strupići, Suzina, Šćepan Krst, Trijebanj, Trusina and Žegulja.

Climate

Climate in this area has mild differences between highs and lows, and there is adequate rainfall year-round. The Köppen Climate Classification subtype for this climate is "Cfb" (Marine West Coast Climate/Oceanic climate).[3]

Climate data for Stolac
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 9
(48)		 11
(51)		 15
(59)		 19
(67)		 24
(75)		 29
(85)		 33
(92)		 33
(91)		 28
(82)		 22
(71)		 16
(60)		 9
(49)		 21
(69)
Average low °C (°F) 3
(37)		 2
(36)		 6
(43)		 9
(48)		 13
(55)		 17
(62)		 19
(66)		 19
(66)		 16
(61)		 12
(54)		 9
(48)		 4
(39)		 11
(51)
Average precipitation cm (inches) 13
(5)		 11.9
(4.7)		 13.2
(5.2)		 13.2
(5.2)		 7.9
(3.1)		 8.4
(3.3)		 4.8
(1.9)		 4.3
(1.7)		 10
(4)		 16.5
(6.5)		 18.5
(7.3)		 18.3
(7.2)		 140
(55.1)
Source: Weatherbase [4]

See also

References

  1. ↑ The natural and architectural ensemble of Stolac, unesco.org; accessed 4 November 2016.
  2. ↑ The natural and architectural ensemble of Stolac, unesco.org; accessed 4 November 2016.
  3. ↑ Climate Summary for Stolac
  4. ↑ "Weatherbase.com". Weatherbase. 2013. Retrieved on July 13, 2013.

Coordinates: 43°05′02″N 17°57′33″E / 43.08389°N 17.95917°E / 43.08389; 17.95917

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