Beaconsfield

Beaconsfield

Memorial Green, the Old Town, Beaconsfield
Beaconsfield
Beaconsfield shown within Buckinghamshire
Area 19.66 km2 (7.59 sq mi)
Population 12,081 (2011 census)[1]
• Density 614/km2 (1,590/sq mi)
OS grid reference SU9490
Civil parish
  • Beaconsfield
District
Shire county
Region
Country England
Sovereign state United Kingdom
Post town Beaconsfield
Postcode district HP9
Dialling code 01494
Police Thames Valley
Fire Buckinghamshire
Ambulance South Central
EU Parliament South East England
UK Parliament

Beaconsfield (/ˈbɛkənzfiːld/ BECK-uhnz-feeld) is a market town and civil parish within the South Bucks district in Buckinghamshire centred 23.6 miles (38 km) WNW of London[n 1] and 17 miles (27 km) SSE of the county's administrative town, Aylesbury. Four towns are within five miles: Slough, Amersham, Gerrards Cross and High Wycombe.

The town is adjacent to the Chiltern Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty and has a wide area of Georgian, neo-Georgian and Tudor revival high street architecture, known as the Old Town. It is celebrated for the first model village in the world and, in education, a direction and technical production institute, the National Film and Television School.

History and description

The parish comprises Beaconsfield town and land mainly given over arable land. Some beech forest remains to supply an established beech furniture industry in High Wycombe, the making of modal and various artisan uses.

Beaconsfield is recorded in property returns of 1185 where it is spelt Bekenesfeld, literally beechen field which would less archaically be read as 'clearing in the beeches'.[2] Nearby Burnham Beeches is a forest named after the beech genus.

The parish church at the crossroads of Old Beaconsfield is dedicated to St Mary, it was rebuilt of flint and bath stone by the Victorians in 1869. The United Reformed Church in Beaconsfield can trace its roots of non-conformist worship in the town back to 1704.[3] Old Beaconsfield has a number of old coaching inns along a wide street of red brick houses and small shops. It was the first (coach) stopping point on the road between London and Oxford.

An annual fair is traditionally held on 10 May. Its charter, dating from 1269 ,originally allowed for a yearly market for the trading of goods and livestock, but it has now developed into a funfair, erected for one day only on the main roads of the "Old Town". In recent years some residents have opposed the fair as a hindrance to the Old Town, and have called for it to be scrapped even though the fair has been going for over 735 years.

In the Victorian era the town was the home constituency of Benjamin Disraeli, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in 1868 and then again from 1874 until 1880 (in fact his home, Hughenden Manor is in the nearby town of High Wycombe). In 1876 he was made the 1st Earl of Beaconsfield by Queen Victoria with whom he was very popular. It was due to this, that Beaconsfield became a popular road name in industrial cities across the country in the late Victorian era.

It is the burial place of the author G. K. Chesterton, Edmund Burke and the poet Edmund Waller, for whom a tall stone obelisk was erected over the tomb chest in St Mary and All Saints churchyard.[4]

St Mary and All Saints Church, Beaconsfield and the tomb of Edmund Waller

In 1624, Waller's family acquired Wilton Manor and Hall Barn in the town.[2] "The Wallers, who came from Speldhurst, Kent," says the Victoria County history of Buckinghamshire, "were settled at Beaconsfield as early as the 14th century."

Dominic Grieve is the Member of Parliament for Beaconsfield, first elected in 1997, and the former Attorney General. Tony Blair, former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom famously contested the seat in a by-election in 1982 and lost to Tim Smith, who with Neil Hamilton took part in the cash-for-questions affair which was the financial part of the Major ministry sleaze uncovered before the United Kingdom general election, 1997.[5]

Beaconsfield is the home of Bekonscot model village, which was the first model village in the world; and Beaconsfield Film Studios becoming the National Film and Television School, where many film directors and technicians have learned their craft. It is the birthplace of Terry Pratchett, author of the Discworld series of fantasy novels. Several scenes in Brief Encounter, a classic film about a woman in a dull middle class marriage who almost undertakes an affair, were filmed in the town: Station Parade served as Milford High Street and Boots on Burke's Parade was where Alec runs into Laura.[6] The exterior of the Royal Saracens Head Inn can be seen in the James Bond film Thunderball, and the interior shots for the pub in Hot Fuzz were filmed in the Royal Standard pub. The New Town also features in two other postwar colour films, John & Julie and The Fast Lady. Many other parts of the town have been used in films due to the old film studio and nearby Pinewood Studios. More recently it has often been used as a "location" for the TV murder mystery series, Midsomer Murders and the Inspector Morse spinoff Lewis.

Beaconsfield Film Studios in 2011: as NFTS

The New Town was built 1 mile further to the north, when the railway arrived, at the turn of the 20th century. The railway station is on the Chiltern Main Line out of Marylebone towards High Wycombe it then branches to Aylesbury, and Birmingham Snow Hill. Old Beaconsfield which grew up on the Oxford Road in part to serve the coach traffic, is mirrored by New Beaconsfield which has grown up round the station.

Beaconsfield is also home to the Chiltern Shakespeare Company, which annually holds amateur performances of Shakespeare plays, Beaconsfield Theatre Group (over 60 years old), Beaconsfield Musical & Operatic Society (over 100 years old) and to The Young Theatre (at Beaconsfield), a theatre company "run by young people for young people" and winners of the All British Festival of One Act Plays in 2004.

Dr Liam Fox was a GP here before being elected to Parliament.

Local pop band The Hit Parade released their single "On The Road To Beaconsfield", a celebration of Enid Blyton and her life in the town, in 1994.[7]

Beaconsfield was named 'Britain's richest town' (based on an average house price of £684,474) by The Daily Telegraph in 2008.[8] In 2011 the post town had the highest proportion in the UK of £1 million-plus homes for sale (at 47%, compared to 3.5% nationally).[9] In 2011, Burkes Road was named as the second most expensive road in the country outside London.[10]

Sport and leisure

Transport

The M40 runs very close to the town with its eponymous Junction 2 on the parish boundary and is 4 lanes wide in either direction (junctions 1 to 3). Junction 2 is home to Beaconsfield motorway services. Local roads include the A355 which connects Amersham and Slough via Beaconsfield. The A40 parallels the M40 from London to Oxford and for years was the main road between the two cities as its precursor. The B474 connects the town to Hazlemere.

Rail links generally run close to the motorway. Beaconsfield railway station sees services to Birmingham Snow Hill and Moor Street, and London Marylebone. The line's trains have decades-settled fast and slow services, the former currently reaching London in around twenty five minutes. It has a car park as a minor park and ride station for mixed-mode commuters far from railway stations who drive towards the capital along the M40, smaller than Didcot Parkway railway station.

Twin town

Education

Buckinghamshire County Council operates a selective secondary education system, rather than a comprehensive system. Pupils can take the 11+ test at the beginning of year 6, when they are age 10 or 11. Approximately 30% attain a score that makes them eligible to go to grammar schools, as well as to the county's upper schools.

Demography

 2011 Published Statistics: Population, home ownership and extracts from Physical Environment, surveyed in 2005[1]
Output areaHomes owned outrightOwned with a loanSocially rentedPrivately rentedOtherkm² roadskm² waterkm² domestic gardenskm² domestic buildingskm² non-domestic buildingsUsual residents km²
Civil parish 1,842 1,419 655 70076 0.9140.075 2.9350.4660.13112,081 19.66

Notable residents


See also

Notes and references

References
  1. 1 2 Key Statistics: Dwellings; Quick Statistics: Population Density; Physical Environment: Land Use Survey 2005
  2. 1 2 Beaconsfield, A History of the County of Buckingham, William Page, 1925, British History Online
  3. ↑ www.beaconsfield-urc.org History Pages
  4. ↑ Beaconsfield, GENUKI Archived 23 August 2007 at the Wayback Machine.
  5. ↑ "1997: Labour landslide ends Tory rule". BBC News. 15 April 2005. Retrieved 28 March 2010.
  6. ↑ "Filming locations for Brief Encounter (1945)". IMDB.com. Retrieved 3 June 2012.
  7. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KlaUJaugr_k
  8. ↑ "Britain's richest towns: 10 - 1". The Daily Telegraph. London. 19 April 2008.
  9. ↑ "Million Pound Hotspots: Towns and Areas Revealed".
  10. ↑ "House prices top £1m in over 200 streets in England".
  11. ↑ "British towns twinned with French towns". Archant Community Media Ltd. Archived from the original on 5 July 2013. Retrieved 2013-07-11.
  12. ↑ Beaconsfield High School website
  13. ↑ The Beaconsfield School website
  14. ↑ Butlers Court School Website
  15. ↑ Davenies School website
  16. ↑ 2004 Report of Davenies School by the Independent Schools Inspectorate Archived 12 March 2005 at the Wayback Machine.
  17. ↑ High March School website
  18. ↑ 2003 Report of High March School by the Independent Schools Inspectorate Archived 12 September 2005 at the Wayback Machine.
  19. ↑ Bensoussane, Anita. "A Biography of Enid Blyton—The Story of Her Life". The Enid Blyton Society. Archived from the original on 22 November 2010. Retrieved 2010-12-27.
  20. ↑ Enid Blyton plaque unveiled in Beaconsfield "BBC-online" published 8 May 2014, Accessed 8 May 2014
  21. ↑ Lambert, Elizabeth R. (2003). Edmund Burke of Beaconsfield. Cranbury, New Jersey: Associated University Presses. ISBN 0-87413-800-0.
  22. ↑ Chesterton, G. K. (2008). Orthodoxy. Fairfield, Iowa: 1st World Library. p. 187. ISBN 1-4218-9380-0.
  23. ↑ Burns, Greg (23 January 2009). "Beaconsfield bakery missed James Corden's business". Buckinghamshire Advertiser. Retrieved 2010-12-14.
  24. ↑ Vilku, Jassmine (15 October 2009). "Comeback for singer Beverley Craven". Bucks Free Press. Archived from the original on 4 February 2012. Retrieved 2010-12-27.
  25. ↑ Blake, Robert (1966). Disraeli. New York: St. Martin's Press. p. 566. ISBN 0-19-832903-2. OCLC 8047.
  26. ↑ Parini, Jay (2000). Robert Frost: A Life. New York, New York: Henry Holt. ISBN 0-8050-6341-2.
  27. ↑ "Barry Gibb's House". Virtual Globetrotting. Retrieved 2010-12-27.
  28. ↑ "Dame Wendy Hiller dies at 90". London: The Daily Mail. Retrieved 2010-12-27.
  29. ↑ Abell, Jack (6 January 2009). "New Years Honours for south Bucks residents". Buckinghamshire Advertiser. Retrieved 2010-12-28.
  30. ↑ Institution of Mining and Metallurgy (Great Britain) (1937). Transactions of the Institution of Mining and Metallurgy, Volume 47. Los Angeles, California: E. & F.N. Spon, Ltd. p. 543.
  31. ↑ Lyon, John (4 February 2010). "St Albans MP Anne Main's full interview with John Lyon". St Albans Review. Retrieved 2010-12-28.
  32. ↑ Routledge, Paul (2002). Public servant, secret agent: the elusive life and violent death of Airey Neave. Ann Arbor, Michigan: Fourth Estate. p. 23. ISBN 1-84115-244-7.
  33. ↑ "OUSELEY, Gore". Encyclopædia Iranica. 2004. Retrieved 2010-12-28.
  34. ↑ Jones, Barbara (7 March 2010). "How Sarah Brown charmed the 'Labour Ashcroft'". London: The Daily Mail. Retrieved 2010-12-28.
  35. ↑ Smith, Kevin P. (20 September 2002). "Terry Pratchett". The Literary Encyclopedia. Archived from the original on 28 December 2010. Retrieved 2010-12-28.
  36. ↑ Wakeman, John (1980). World authors, 1970-1975. Ann Arbor, Michigan: Wilson. p. 673. ISBN 978-0-8242-0641-3.
  37. ↑ Sellers, Robert (16 April 2009). "Peter Rogers: Film producer who co-created the 'Carry On' comedies". London: The Independent. Retrieved 2010-12-28.
  38. ↑ Judd, Denis (1986). Alison Uttley: the life of a country child (1884-1976) : the authorised biography. Joseph. ISBN 0-7181-2449-9.
  39. ↑ Waller, Edmund (1854). Poetical works of Edmund Waller. J. W. Parker. p. 9.
Notes
  1. ↑ Charing Cross in Central London.
Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Beaconsfield (England).
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Beaconsfield.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.