Battle of the Vozha River

Date	11 August 1378
Location	Vozha River (Ryazan Oblast)
Result	Russian victory^[1]

Belligerents

Grand Duchy of Moscow

Golden Horde

Commanders and leaders

Dmitri Ivanovich of Moscow

Murza Begich †

Strength

unknown

50,000 (5 tumens)

Casualties and losses

unknown

Almost entire army killed

Tartar-Mongol yoke over Rus'

Nevruy's campaign (1252)
Kuremsa's campaign (1252-55)
Tugova Hill (1257)
Burundai's campaign (1258-1260)
Dyuden's campaign (1293)
Bortenevo (1317)
Tver (1327)
Blue Waters (1363)
Shishevskogo forest (1365)
Pyana River (1367)
Sary-Aka (1374-75)
Muscovite–Volga Bulgars war (1376)
Pyana River (1377)
Vozha River (1378)
Kulikovo (1380)
Moscow (1382)
Vorskla River (1399)
Edigu's campaign (1408)
Kiev (1416)
Suzdal (1445)
Moscow (1451)
Ugra (1480)

Battle of the Vozha River (Russian Битва на реке Воже) was a battle fought between the Grand Duchy of Moscow and the Golden Horde on 11 August 1378. Mamai sought to punish the Russians for disobedience.

The Russians were led by Prince Dmitri Ivanovich of Moscow, who had not yet received his nickname Donskoi. The Tatars were commanded by murza Begich. The two armies met near the river Vozha, a tributary of the Oka. After successful reconnaissance Dmitri managed to block the ford which the Tatars intended to use for the crossing of the river. He occupied a good position for his troops on a hill. The Russians' formation had a shape of a bow with Donskoy leading the center the flanks under the command of Timofey Velyaminov and Andrei of Polotsk.

After waiting a long time, Begich decided to cross the river and to encircle the Russians from both sides. However, the attack of the Tatar cavalry was repelled and the Russian went over to a counter-attack. The Tatars left their tracks and began retreating in disorder, many of them drowned in the river. Begich himself was killed.

The Vozha battle was the first serious victory of the Russians over a big army of the Golden Horde. It had a big psychological effect before the famous Battle of Kulikovo because it demonstrated the vulnerability of the Tatar cavalry which was unable to overcome tough resistance or withstand determined counter-attacks. For Mamai, the defeat of Vozha meant a direct challenge by Dmitry which caused him to start a new unsuccessful campaign two years later.

References

↑ Janet Martin, Medieval Russia, 980-1584, (Cambridge University Press, 1993), 213.

Armed conflicts involving Russia (incl. Imperial and Soviet times)
Internal	Razin's Rebellion Bulavin Rebellion Pugachev's Rebellion Decembrist revolt Russian Civil War August Uprising Coup d'état attempt (1991) 1993 Russian constitutional crisis First Chechen War War of Dagestan Second Chechen War Insurgency in the North Caucasus
Pre-17th century	Muscovite–Volga Bulgars war (1376) Battle on Pyana River (1377) Battle of the Vozha River (1378) First Muscovite–Lithuanian War (1492–94) Russo-Swedish War (1495–97) Second Muscovite–Lithuanian War (1500–03) Battle of the Siritsa River (1501) Third Muscovite–Lithuanian War (1507–08) Fourth Muscovite–Lithuanian War (1512–22) Fifth Muscovite–Lithuanian War (1534–37) Russo-Crimean Wars Russo-Kazan Wars Russo-Swedish War (1554–57) Livonian War Russian Conquest of Siberia (1580-1747) Russo-Swedish War (1590–95) Polish–Muscovite War (1605–18) and the Time of Troubles Ingrian War Smolensk War Russo-Persian War (1651–53) Sino-Russian border conflicts (1652–89) Russo-Polish War (1654–67) Second Northern War Russo-Turkish War (1676–81) Russo-Turkish War (1686–1700)
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Battle of the Vozha River

References

See also