Bathari language

Bathari
Batahari
Pronunciation [batˤħari][1]
Native to Oman
Region Dhofar Province
Native speakers
 Under 100 (2013)[2]
Language codes
ISO 639-3 bhm
Glottolog bath1244[3]

Modern South Arabian Languages

Bathari is an Afro-Asiatic language of Oman, located on the southeast coast facing the Khuriya Muriya Islands (17°40′46″N 55°22′19″E). The language is very similar to Mehri and some members of the Bathari tribe speak Mehri instead of Bathari.[4]

The first westerner to discover the existence of Bathari was Bertram Thomas in 1929.[5]

Name

The name Bathari has been variously rendered: Batahari, Bautahari, Botahari, Bathara.  [6]

The stress always falls on the last long syllable in Bathari, unless the stress unit is only composed of short syllables. In this case, the first syllable is stressed. As with other Modern South Arabian languages, Bathari nouns have two genders (masculine and feminine) and three numbers (singular, dual and plural), but the dual is reportedly obsolete. The ending -(v)t marks feminine nouns, apart from loanwords from Arabic that end in -h'.' [6] Also, it is not Shahri but Bathari which retains (or perhaps has retaken, from Arabic) the Arabic-like 'ain. [7]

Some Bathari words were mentioned in Johnstone's Mehri Lexicon and Jibbali Lexicon (1981).  Stroomer affirms that it is a dialect of Mehri (p. xii), whereas Simeone-Senelle considers it a separate language. She does admit, however, that Bathari, along with Harsfsi, is closely related to Mehri. [8]

Speakers

 In terms of speaker numbers they range from 12 to 20 for Bathari to over 180,000 for Mehri.

Threat of Extinction

In addition to the threat of Arabic, Mehri also threatens to replace the language due to its less prestigious position. [5] The tribe seems to be dying out with the language also under threat from modem education solely in Arabic. The Bathari language is nearly extinct. Estimates are that the number of remaining speakers are under 100.[2]

References

  1. ↑ Simeone-Senelle, Marie-Claude. "MEHRI AND HOBYOT SPOKEN IN OMAN AND YEMEN".
  2. 1 2 "MSAL Project Information" (PDF). University of Salford. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
  3. ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, eds. (2016). "Bathari". Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  4. ↑ Steska, Mike. "DICE Questionnaire - BHM" (PDF). University of Missouri. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
  5. 1 2 Stroomer, Harry; Johnstone, Thomas M. (2004). Harsusi Texts from Oman: Based on the Field Materials of T.M. Johnstone. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 1. ISBN 9783447050975.
  6. 1 2 [www.verbix.com "Where on earth do they speak Bathari?"] Check |url= value (help).
  7. ↑ Matthews, Charles D. (1969-01-01). "Modern South Arabian Determination-A Clue Thereto from Shaḥri". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 89 (1): 22–27. doi:10.2307/598276.
  8. ↑ Kaye, Alan S. (2001-01-01). "Review of Mehri Texts from Oman (Based on Field Materials of T. M. Johnstone)". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 121 (3): 506–507. doi:10.2307/606691.
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