Bannock people

Bannock

Bannock people in Idaho
Total population
(89 alone and in combination[1])
Regions with significant populations
 United States ( Idaho)
Languages
Northern Paiute language,[2] English
Religion
Native American Church, Sun Dance, traditional tribal religion,[3] Christianity, Ghost Dance
Related ethnic groups
Northern Paiute, Northern Shoshone[4]

The Bannock tribe were originally Northern Paiute but are more culturally affiliated with the Northern Shoshone. They are in the Great Basin classification of Indigenous People. Their traditional lands include northern Nevada, southeastern Oregon, southern Idaho, and western Wyoming. Today they are enrolled in the federally recognized Shoshone-Bannock Tribes of the Fort Hall Reservation of Idaho, located on the Fort Hall Indian Reservation.

History

Illustration by Frederic Remington of a Bannock hunting party fording the Snake River during the Bannock War of 1895

Traditionally, the Northern Paiute traded with surrounding tribes. The bands in eastern Oregon traded with the tribes to the north,[5] who by 1730 had acquired the horse.[6] In the mid-18th century, some bands developed a horse culture and split off to become the Bannock tribe.[7] The horse gave the tribe a greater range, from Oregon to northern Nevada,[2] southern Idaho, [8] and western Wyoming.[7] They forayed from there on the Bannock Trail to Montana and Canada to hunt buffalo.[9]

The Bannock made pottery, utensils from mountain sheep horns, and carrying bags from salmon skin. Their petroglyphs date back before European contact, and, after the introduction of glass beads, they transferred their geometric design to beadwork. For water transport, they made tule reed rafts.[10] Prior to the late 19th century, Bannock people fished for salmon on the Snake River in Idaho and in the fall, they hunted buffalo herds. Buffalo hides provided material for tipis.[11]

The Bannock are prominent in American history due to the Bannock War of 1878. After the war, the Bannock moved onto the Fort Hall Indian Reservation with the Northern Shoshone and gradually their tribes merged. Today they are called the Shoshone-Bannock. The Bannock live on the Fort Hall Indian Reservation, 544,000 acres (2,201 km²) in Southeastern Idaho.[8] Lemhi and Northern Shoshone live with the Bannock Indians.

In the 2010 Census, 89 people identified as Bannock ancestry, 38 full-blooded. However, 5,315 are enrolled in the Shoshone-Bannock Tribes of the Fort Hall Reservation, not stating specifically their tribe.[1]

Notable Bannock people

Notes

  1. 1 2 "2010 Census CPH-T-6. American Indian and Alaska Native Tribes in the United States and Puerto Rico: 2010" (PDF). www.census.gov. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-12-09. Retrieved 2015. Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
  2. 1 2 Kuiper, Kathleen, ed. (2011). American Indians of California, the Great Basin, and the Southwest. Britannica Educational Publications. p. 46.
  3. ↑ " Northern Paiute - Religion and Expressive Culture ". Countries and Their Cultures. (retrieved 14 Aug 2011)
  4. ↑ Pritzker 2000, p. 236
  5. ↑ Pritzker 2000, p. 226.
  6. ↑ Haines
  7. 1 2 Pritzker 2000, p. 224.
  8. 1 2 Chisholm 1911, Banate.
  9. ↑ "History of the Shoshone-Bannock Tribes". www.shoshonebannocktribes.com. Archived from the original on 2015-05-11. Retrieved 2015-07-08.
  10. ↑ Pritzker 2000, p. 238.
  11. ↑ Pritzker 2000, p. 225.

References

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