Balearic Islands (Congress of Deputies constituency)

Balearic Islands
Congress of Deputies
Electoral Constituency

Location of Balearic Islands within Spain
Province Balearic Islands
Autonomous community Balearic Islands
Population 1,104,479 (2016)
Electorate 772,939 (2016)
Major settlements Palma, Calvià, Ibiza
Current constituency
Created 1977
Seats 6 (1977–1993)
7 (1993–2004)
8 (2004–)
Member(s)

The Balearic Islands (Catalan: Illes Balears, Spanish: Islas Baleares)—Balearics until 2000 (Spanish: Baleares, Catalan: Balears)—are one of the 52 constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Congress of Deputies—the lower chamber of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales—. The constituency currently elects eight deputies. Its boundaries correspond with those of the Balearic Islands. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of 3 percent.

Electoral system

The constituency was created as per the Political Reform Act 1977 and was first contested in the 1977 general election. The Act provided for the provinces of Spain to be established as multi-member districts in the Congress of Deputies,[1] with this regulation being maintained under Article 68.2 of the Spanish Constitution of 1978. Additionally, Article 141.1 of the Constitution requires for any modification of the provincial limits to be approved under an organic law, needing an absolute majority in the Cortes Generales.[2]

Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage, with all nationals over eighteen and in full enjoyment of all political rights entitled to vote. The only exception was in 1977, when this was limited to nationals over twenty-one and in full enjoyment of all political and civil rights. Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for Spaniards abroad to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Spanish: Voto rogado).[3] 348 seats are elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with a threshold of 3 per 100 of valid votes—which includes blank ballots—being applied in each constituency. Parties not reaching the threshold are not taken into consideration for seat distribution. Additionally, the use of the D'Hondt method may result in an effective threshold over three percent, dependant on the district magnitude.[4] Each provincial constituency is entitled to an initial minimum of two seats, with the remaining 248 allocated among the constituencies in proportion to their populations. Ceuta and Melilla are allocated the two remaining seats, which are elected using plurality voting.[2][5][6][7]

The electoral law provides that parties, federations, coalitions and groupings of electors are allowed to present lists of candidates. However, groupings of electors are required to secure at least the signature of 1 per 100 of the electors entered in electoral register of the constituency for which they are seeking election—0.1 per 100 and, at least, the signature of 500 electors, until 1985—. Also since 2011, parties, federations or coalitions who have not obtained a mandate in either House of Parliament at the preceding election are required to secure at least the signature of 0.1 per 100 of the electors entered in electoral register of the constituency for which they are seeking election. Electors are barred from signing for more than one list of candidates. Concurrently, parties and federations intending to enter in coalition to take part jointly at an election are required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days from the election call.[5][7]

Deputies

Deputies for Balearic Islands 1977–
Legislature Election Distribution
Constituent 1977
2 4
1st 1979
2 4
2nd 1982
3 3
3rd 1986
3 3
4th 1989
3 3
5th 1993
3 4
6th 1996
3 4
7th 2000
2 5
8th 2004
4 4
9th 2008
4 4
10th 2011
3 5
11th 2015
2 2 1 3
12th 2016
2 2 1 3

Elections

2016 general election

Summary of the 26 June 2016 Congress of Deputies election results in the Balearic Islands
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Won +/−
People's Party (PP) 163,045 35.08 +6.02 3 ±0
United We Can–More (Podemos–EUIB–Més)1 118,082 25.41 –7.03 2 ±0
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 93,363 20.09 +1.78 2 ±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 67,700 14.57 –0.21 1 ±0
Sovereignty for the Isles (SI) 7,418 1.60 New 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 7,266 1.56 +0.50 0 ±0
Blank ballots 4,226 0.91 +0.08
Total 464,787 100.00 8 ±0
Valid votes 464,787 99.01 –0.03
Invalid votes 4,650 0.99 +0.03
Votes cast / turnout 469,437 60.73 –2.62
Abstentions 303,502 39.27 +2.62
Registered voters 772,939
Source: Ministry of the Interior

2015 general election

Summary of the 20 December 2015 Congress of Deputies election results in the Balearic Islands
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Won +/−
People's Party (PP) 140,640 29.06 –20.53 3 –2
We Can (Podemos) 111,628 23.07 New 2 +2
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 88,635 18.31 –10.56 2 –1
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 71,551 14.78 New 1 +1
More (Més)1 33,877 7.00 –0.17 0 ±0
Proposal for the Isles (El PI) 12,910 2.67 New 0 ±0
United Left–Balearic Popular Unity (IU–UPB) 11,451 2.37 –2.57 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 5,114 1.06 +0.23 0 ±0
Blank ballots 3,997 0.83 –0.98
Total 483,970 100.00 8 ±0
Valid votes 483,970 99.04 +0.66
Invalid votes 4,696 0.96 –0.66
Votes cast / turnout 488,666 63.35 +2.39
Abstentions 282,715 36.65 –2.39
Registered voters 771,381
Source: Ministry of the Interior

2011 general election

Summary of the 20 November 2011 Congress of Deputies election results in the Balearic Islands
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Won +/−
People's Party (PP) 217,327 49.59 +5.62 5 +1
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 126,512 28.87 –15.36 3 –1
PSM–Initiative Greens–Agreement–Equo (PSM–IV–ExM–eQuo) 31,417 7.17 +1.80 0 ±0
United Left of the Balearic Islands: Plural Left (EUIB) 21,668 4.94 +2.10 0 ±0
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 18,525 4.23 +3.57 0 ±0
Republican Left (esquerra) 4,681 1.07 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 7,941 1.81 +0.54
Total 438,272 100.00 8 ±0
Valid votes 438,272 98.38 –0.77
Invalid votes 7,216 1.62 +0.77
Votes cast / turnout 445,488 60.96 –6.61
Abstentions 285,252 39.04 +6.61
Registered voters 730,740
Source: Ministry of the Interior

2008 general election

Summary of the 9 March 2008 Congress of Deputies election results in the Balearic Islands
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Won +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 209,451 44.23 +4.75 4 ±0
People's Party (PP) 208,246 43.97 –1.92 4 ±0
Unity for the Isles (UIB)1 25,454 5.37 –5.45 0 ±0
United Left–The Greens (EU–EV) 13,447 2.84 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 6,026 1.27 –0.66
Total 473,583 100.00 8 ±0
Valid votes 473,583 99.15 –0.14
Invalid votes 4,079 0.85 +0.14
Votes cast / turnout 477,662 67.57 –1.27
Abstentions 229,276 32.43 +1.27
Registered voters 706,938
Source: Ministry of the Interior

2004 general election

Summary of the 14 March 2004 Congress of Deputies election results in the Balearic Islands
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Won +/−
People's Party (PP) 215,737 45.89 –7.98 4 –1
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 185,623 39.48 +10.20 4 +2
Progressives for the Balearic Islands (PSM–EN, EU, EV, ER)1 40,289 8.57 –4.07 0 ±0
Majorcan Union (UM) 10,558 2.25 +0.15 0 ±0
Blank ballots 9,073 1.93 +0.44
Total 470,119 100.00 8 +1
Valid votes 470,119 99.29 –0.05
Invalid votes 3,362 0.71 +0.05
Votes cast / turnout 473,481 68.84 +7.41
Abstentions 214,353 31.16 –7.41
Registered voters 652,009
Source: Ministry of the Interior

2000 general election

Summary of the 12 March 2000 Congress of Deputies election results in the Balearic Islands
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Won +/−
People's Party (PP) 214,348 53.87 +7.46 5 +1
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party–Progressives (PSOE–p) 116,515 29.28 –6.67 2 –1
PSM–Nationalist Agreement (PSM–EN) 23,482 5.90 +0.19 0 ±0
United Left of the Balearic Islands (EU) 15,928 4.00 –3.69 0 ±0
The Greens of the Balearic Islands (EVIB) 9,556 2.40 +0.18 0 ±0
Majorcan Union–Independents of Menorca (UM–INME) 8,372 2.10 +0.49 0 ±0
Blank ballots 5,943 1.49 +0.49
Total 397,898 100.00 7 ±0
Valid votes 397,898 99.34 –0.08
Invalid votes 2,661 0.66 +0.08
Votes cast / turnout 400,559 61.43 –10.20
Abstentions 251,450 38.57 +10.20
Registered voters 652,009
Source: Ministry of the Interior

1996 general election

Summary of the 3 March 1996 Congress of Deputies election results in the Balearics
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Won +/−
People's Party (PP) 194,859 45.13 –1.28 4 ±0
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 155,244 35.95 +1.98 3 ±0
United Left of the Balearic Islands (IU) 33,224 7.69 +1.73 0 ±0
Nationalists of the Balearic Islands (PSM–ENE) 24,644 5.71 +0.83 0 ±0
The Greens of the Balearic Islands (EVIB) 9,539 2.21 +0.04 0 ±0
Majorcan Union (UM) 6,943 1.61 –0.83 0 ±0
Blank ballots 4,318 1.00 +0.16
Total 431,785 100.00 7 ±0
Valid votes 431,785 99.42 –0.02
Invalid votes 2,503 0.58 +0.02
Votes cast / turnout 434,288 71.63 –0.93
Abstentions 172,041 28.31 +0.93
Registered voters 606,329
Source: Ministry of the Interior

1993 general election

Summary of the 6 June 1993 Congress of Deputies election results in the Balearics
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Won +/−
People's Party (PP) 191,461 46.41 +5.75 4 +1
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 140,145 33.97 –0.51 3 ±0
United Left of the Islands (IU) 24,574 5.96 +0.87 0 ±0
Nationalists of the Balearic Islands (PSM–ENE) 20,118 4.88 +2.56 0 ±0
Majorcan, Minorcan and Pityusic Union (UMMP) 10,053 2.44 New 0 ±0
The Greens of the Balearic Islands (EVIB) 8,971 2.17 –0.37 0 ±0
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 7,648 1.85 –7.34 0 ±0
Blank ballots 3,485 0.84 –0.02
Total 412,545 100.00 7 +1
Valid votes 412,545 99.44 +0.61
Invalid votes 2,316 0.56 –0.61
Votes cast / turnout 414,861 72.56 +9.02
Abstentions 156,851 27.44 –9.02
Registered voters 571,712
Source: Ministry of the Interior

1989 general election

Summary of the 29 October 1989 Congress of Deputies election results in the Balearics
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Won +/−
People's Party (PP)1 140,163 40.66 +6.35 3 ±0
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 118,833 34.48 –5.80 3 ±0
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 31,671 9.19 –2.10 0 ±0
United Left (IU) 17,555 5.09 +2.76 0 ±0
The Greens–Green List (EV–LV) 8,762 2.54 New 0 ±0
Ruiz-Mateos Group (Ruiz-Mateos) 8,709 2.53 New 0 ±0
Nationalist Left (PSM–ENE) 7,989 2.32 +0.11 0 ±0
Blank ballots 2,976 0.86 +0.14
Total 344,681 100.00 6 ±0
Valid votes 344,681 98.83 +1.01
Invalid votes 4,098 1.17 –1.01
Votes cast / turnout 348,779 63.54 –2.48
Abstentions 200,160 36.46 +2.48
Registered voters 548,939
Source: Ministry of the Interior

1986 general election

Summary of the 22 June 1986 Congress of Deputies election results in the Balearics
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Won +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 137,363 40.28 –0.17 3 ±0
People's Coalition (AP–PDP–PL)1 117,007 34.31 –3.40 3 ±0
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 38,510 11.29 +6.04 0 ±0
Democratic Reformist Party (PRD) 24,379 7.15 New 0 ±0
United Left (IU)2 7,942 2.33 +0.66 0 ±0
Socialist Party of Majorca–Nationalist Left (PSM–EN) 7,539 2.21 –0.21 0 ±0
Blank ballots 2,452 0.72 +0.12
Total 341,056 100.00 6 ±0
Valid votes 341,056 97.82 +2.06
Invalid votes 7,592 2.18 –2.06
Votes cast / turnout 348,648 66.02 –13.72
Abstentions 179,474 33.98 +13.72
Registered voters 528,122
Source: Ministry of the Interior

1982 general election

Summary of the 28 October 1982 Congress of Deputies election results in the Balearics
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Won +/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 144,232 40.45 +11.07 3 +1
People's Alliance–People's Democratic Party (AP–PDP)1 134,444 37.71 +28.54 3 +3
Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) 37,148 10.42 –38.50 0 –4
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 18,722 5.25 New 0 ±0
Socialist Party of Majorca–Nationalists of the Islands (PSM) 8,633 2.42 –0.92 0 ±0
Communist Party of Spain (PCE) 5,962 1.67 –3.24 0 ±0
Blank ballots 2,148 0.60 +0.22
Total 356,539 100.00 6 ±0
Valid votes 356,539 95.76 +0.37
Invalid votes 15,791 4.24 –0.37
Votes cast / turnout 372,330 79.74 +10.09
Abstentions 94,579 20.26 –10.09
Registered voters 466,909
Source: Ministry of the Interior

1979 general election

Summary of the 1 March 1979 Congress of Deputies election results in the Balearics
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Won +/−
Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) 146,927 48.92 –2.97 4 ±0
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)1 88,232 29.38 +0.89 2 ±0
Democratic Coalition (CD)2 27,554 9.17 +0.14 0 ±0
Communist Party of Spain (PCE) 14,757 4.91 +0.45 0 ±0
Socialists of Majorca and Minorca (SMiM) 10,022 3.34 New 0 ±0
National Union (UN)3 3,165 1.05 +0.86 0 ±0
Blank ballots 1,134 0.38 –0.04
Total 300,331 100.00 6 ±0
Valid votes 300,331 95.39 –2.62
Invalid votes 14,519 4.61 +2.62
Votes cast / turnout 314,850 69.65 –9.18
Abstentions 137,211 30.35 +9.18
Registered voters 452,061
Source: Ministry of the Interior

1977 general election

Summary of the 15 June 1977 Congress of Deputies election results in the Balearics
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Won +/−
Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) 163,536 51.89 — 4 —
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 73,554 23.34 — 2 —
People's Alliance (AP) 28,472 9.03 — 0 —
People's Socialist Party–Socialist Unity (PSP–US) 16,244 5.15 — 0 —
Communist Party of Spain (PCE) 14,046 4.46 — 0 —
Balearic Autonomist Union (UAB) 11,914 3.78 — 0 —
Blank ballots 1,311 0.42 —
Total 315,147 100.00 6 —
Valid votes 315,147 98.01 —
Invalid votes 6,405 1.99 —
Votes cast / turnout 321,552 78.83 —
Abstentions 86,374 21.17 —
Registered voters 407,899
Source: Ministry of the Interior

References

  1. ↑ Political Reform Act of 1977, Law No. 1 of January 4, 1977 Official State Gazette (in Spanish). Retrieved on 27 December 2016.
  2. 1 2 Spanish Constitution of 1978, December 29, 1978 Official State Gazette (in Spanish). Retrieved on 27 December 2016.
  3. ↑ Reig Pellicer, Naiara (16 December 2015). "Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote". cafebabel.co.uk. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  4. ↑ "Effective threshold in electoral systems". Trinity College, Dublin. 30 July 2012. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  5. 1 2 General Electoral System Organic Law of 1985, Organic Law No. 5 of June 19, 1985 Official State Gazette (in Spanish). Retrieved on 28 December 2016.
  6. ↑ "Constitution" (PDF). congreso.es. Congress of Deputies. Retrieved 19 June 2017.
  7. 1 2 "Representation of the people Institutional Act". juntaelectoralcentral.es. Central Electoral Commission. Retrieved 16 June 2017.

Coordinates: 39°30′N 3°00′W / 39.500°N 3.000°W / 39.500; -3.000

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