Balaban and Katz

Balaban and Katz Theater Corporation
Former subsidiary
Industry Movie theaters
Founders A. J. Balaban
Sam Katz
Headquarters Chicago
Parent
Website balabanandkatz.com (defunct)
The Chicago Theatre, a city landmark

Balaban and Katz Theater Corporation, or B&K was a theatre corporation which owned a chain of motion picture theaters and founded by A. J. Balaban and Sam Katz.

History

Balaban and Katz Theatre corporation started in 1916 in Chicago by A. J. Balaban and Sam Katz.[1] It held its first meeting as a Delaware corporation on January 21, 1925. Famous Players-Lasky Corporation, forerunner of Paramount Pictures, bought a controlling interest in Balaban and Katz Corporation in 1926. It became a part of United Paramount Theatres in 1948 after Paramount was forced to sell off its theaters.

The company also held at the Paramount Pictures-Theaters split in 1949: WBKB (TV), WIBK (FM), 25% of WSMB New Orleans, 50% of a company applying an Atlanta AM license, 10% of another licensee apply for a license in Hot Springs, and television applications for Detroit, Boston, Tampa, and Des Moines. Balaban & Katz became a subsidiary of United Paramount Theatres, Inc. (UPT).[2]

UPT merged with American Broadcasting Company in 1953. The company was officially dissolved as an Illinois corporation on July 31, 1970.

Theaters

Balaban and Katz chose to build their theaters—many designed by famous architects Rapp and Rapp—in rapidly growing outlying districts, convenient for the middle class population which provided the bulk of their patrons, as well as downtown Chicago. The company is notable for being the first to offer air conditioning in its theaters and for including lavish stage shows. Balaban and Katz operated over a hundred theaters in the midwestern United States. There were more than 50 Chicago-area theaters operated by the Balaban and Katz company including:

North: Belmont,[3] Century/Diversey Theatre, Cine, Covent, Granada, Howard, Lakeside, Northshore, Nortown, Pantheon, Riviera,[4] and Uptown.[5][6][7]

Northwest: Admiral, Alba, Belpark, Biltmore, Congress, Crystal, Drake, Gateway Theatre, Harding, Luna, Portage, Terminal, and Will Rogers.

South, Maryland, Regal,[8] Southtown,[9] Tivoli,[10][11][12] and Tower.

West: Central Park, Iris, Manor, Marbro,[13] Paradise, Senate, and State.

Loop: Apollo, Chicago,[14][15] Garrick, Oriental,[16] Roosevelt,[17] and United Artists.[18]

Suburban Chicago: Berwyn, Coronet, La Grange, Park, Valencia, and Varsity.

Waukegan: Academy

Sam Katz, a vice president at Balaban and Katz, became president of The Publix theaters group, a division of Famous Players Lasky. Its secretary, Barney Balaban, eventually became president of Paramount Pictures. Beginning in 1939, Balaban and Katz, along with parent company Paramount, was involved in the development of television broadcasting. The company owned several experimental television licenses, and in 1943 began broadcasting over WBKB (now WBBM-TV), the first commercial television station in Chicago.[19]

Whenever Balaban and Katz decided that murals would become part of the interior design scheme, they would commission painter and muralist Louis Grell of Chicago to execute them. Louis Grell painted murals inside the Chicago Theater, Gateway Theater, Uptown Theater and many Paramount Theaters across the midwest and America for Balaban and Katz.

Today, the trademark for the company is owned by a historical foundation called the Balaban and Katz Historical Foundation. The foundation was founded by descendants of the original Balaban brothers. Its collection of B and K corporate documents is located in New Jersey. Theatre Historical Society, in Elmhurst, Illinois, maintains an extensive collection of architectural blueprints and large-format pictures of many Balaban and Katz theaters. In 2006, a documentary, Uptown: Portrait of a Palace, featured one of Balaban and Katz's most famous theaters, the Uptown. 2006 also saw the publication of a book on many of the B&K theatres, titled The Chicago Movie Palaces of Balaban and Katz, written by David Balaban with a foreword by theater historian Joseph DuciBella and published by Arcadia Publishing.

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Klingsporn, Geoffrey (2005). "Balaban & Katz". The Electronic Encyclopedia of Chicago. Chicago Historical Society. Retrieved October 31, 2012.
  2. ↑ "Paramount; radio, video interests definitely split" (PDF). Broadcasting - Telecasting. March 7, 1949. p. 66. Retrieved April 7, 2015. WBKB (TV) Chicago, licensed to the Paramount subsidiary Balaban & Katz, will go to a firm to be known as New Theatre Co.". New Theatre Co. would later be formally named as United Paramount Theatres
  3. ↑ "Belmont Theater". JazzAge Chicago. Retrieved 6 July 2010.
  4. ↑ "Rivera Theater". JazzAge Chicago. Retrieved 6 July 2010.
  5. ↑ "Uptown Theater". JazzAge Chicago. Retrieved 6 July 2010.
  6. ↑ Reel, Rob (18 August 1925). "Uptown, World's Largest And Finest, Opens". Chicago Evening American. Retrieved 6 July 2010.
  7. ↑ Campbell-Duncan. H. (18 August 1925). "5,000 Guests See Splendors of New Theater-Balaban & Katz Inaugurate Huge House with Private View.". Chicago Evening Post. Retrieved 6 July 2010.
  8. ↑ "Regal Theater". JazzAgeChicago. Archived from the original on 26 May 2010. Retrieved 6 July 2010.
  9. ↑ "Southtown Theater". JazzAgeChicago. Retrieved 6 July 2010.
  10. ↑ Hecht, Ben (17 February 1921). "Crowds Storm Opening of New Tivoli Theater". Chicago Daily-News. Retrieved 6 July 2010.
  11. ↑ "New Tivoli Called "Finest Theatre"-Balaban and Katz's $2,000,000 Masterpiece Opens". Variety. 25 February 1921. Retrieved 6 July 2010.
  12. ↑ "Tivoli Theater". JazzAgeChicago. Retrieved 6 July 2010.
  13. ↑ "Marbro Theater". JazzAgeChicago. Retrieved 6 July 2010.
  14. ↑ "Chicago Theater". JazzAgeChicago. Archived from the original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 6 July 2010.
  15. ↑ "New Chicago Film Palace Opening Draws Great Throngs". Billboard. 5 November 1921. Retrieved 6 July 2010.
  16. ↑ "Oriental Theater". JazzAgeChicago. Retrieved 6 July 2010.
  17. ↑ "Roosevelt Theater". JazzAgeChicago. Retrieved 6 July 2010.
  18. ↑ "United Artists Theater". JazzAgeChicago. Retrieved 6 July 2010.
  19. ↑ http://www.chicagotelevision.com/WBKB.htm

References

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