BMW 3 Series (E90)

BMW 3 Series
(E90/E91/E92/E93)
Overview
Manufacturer BMW
Production December 2004 – June 2013
Assembly Germany: Leipzig
Germany: Munich
Germany: Regensburg
China: Shenyang (BBA)
Egypt: 6th of October City (BAG)[1]
India: Chennai[2]
Indonesia: Jakarta
Malaysia: Kulim (Inokom)[3]
Malaysia: Shah Alam
(AMIM)[3][4]
Mexico: Toluca
Russia: Kaliningrad (Avtotor)[5]
South Africa: Rosslyn
Body and chassis
Class Entry-level luxury car
Body style 4-door sedan (E90)
5-door wagon (E91)
2-door coupé (E92)
2-door cabriolet (E93)
Layout FR layout
F4 layout (Xi and Xd models)
Powertrain
Engine Petrol
1.6 L N43/N45 I4
2.0 L N43/N45/N46 I4
2.5 L N52 I6
3.0 L N52/N53 I6
3.0 L N54/N55 turbo I6
4.0 L S65 V8
Diesel
2.0 L M47/N47 turbo I4
3.0 L M57/N57 turbo I6
Dimensions
Wheelbase 2,760 mm (109 in)
Length E90/E91: 4,520 mm (178 in)
E92/E93: 4,610 mm (181 in)
Width E90/E91: 1,820 mm (71.7 in)
E92/E93: 1,782 mm (70.2 in)
Height E90/E91: 1,420 mm (55.9 in)
E92: 1,395 mm (54.9 in)
E93: 1,384 mm (54.5 in)
Chronology
Predecessor BMW 3 Series (E46)
Successor F30/F31 3 Series,
F32/F33 4 Series

The BMW E90/E91/E92/E93 series is the fifth generation of the BMW 3 Series range of entry-level luxury cars, and was produced from 2004 to 2013. The body styles of the range are:

Due to the separate model codes for each body style, the term "E9X" is sometimes used to describe this generation of the 3 Series.

The range was introduced in 2004 with the sedan and estate body styles. The coupe was introduced in 2006 and the cabriolet was introduced in 2007. In 2012, the E90/E91 sedans and wagons were replaced by the F30/F31 models. However, the E92/E93 coupes and cabriolets remained in production until 2013,[6] when they were replaced by the F32/F33 models.

In 2007, the 335i became the first 3 Series model to be sold with a turbocharged petrol engine. The E9X family also saw the introduction of run-flat tyres to the 3 Series range. Consequently, cars with run-flats are not equipped with a spare tyre.

The E90/E92/E93 M3 is the only M3 to be propelled by a V8 engine. Released in 2007 it used BMW's S65B40 engine and was produced in sedan, coupe and cabriolet body styles.

Development process

The design for the fifth generation 3 Series was frozen in mid-2002, approximately 30 months before the start of production.[7]

The sedan and Touring were designed by Joji Nagashima,[8][9] and the coupe and cabriolet were designed by Marc Michael Markefka.[10]

Body styles

Sedan (E90)

Pre-facelift BMW 325i sedan (Australia)

The sedan model was the first model sold of the 5th generation BMW 3 series. It was released in 2005[11][12] (as a 2006 model year) with the 318i, 320i, 320si, 323i, 325i, 330i, and 330xi models. In later years, the following sedan models were added: 316i, 320d, 325d, 328i, 330d, 335i, 335d and M3.[13]

Optional features (some of which are standard on higher models) include Xenon headlamps, fog lamps, automatic climate control, power-adjustable seats, satellite navigation, premium audio, Dakota leather upholstery, glass sunroof, heated front seats, Bluetooth and USB audio input.[14][15][16] In 2011, the BMW 323i Luxury Edition was released, which included an automatic transmission, 17-inch alloy wheels, electric front seats, Bluetooth and USB compatibility, and an electric glass sunroof.[17][18]

This would be the last 3-Series to offer a naturally aspirated engine with the N52B30 (used in the 328i) and the S65B40 (used in the M3).

Wagon (E91)

Pre-facelift BMW 328i wagon (US)

The E91 wagon body style is known as the 3 Series Touring or Sports Wagon. Optional equipment included a panoramic sunroof, which extends to the rear passenger area.

Trim levels typically were similar to the E90 sedan, however there was no M3 variant of the E91. As per the E90, powertrains used a range of petrol and diesel I-6 and I-4 engines, paired with RWD and/or xDrive AWD.[19] Markets such as the United States and Canada, however, offered but a small subset of their already limited E90 trims. In these two markets, only the 325xi with AWD was available prior to 2007,[20] and only the 328i in RWD and xDrive AWD forms was offered from 2007 onwards.[21]

Coupé (E92)

Pre-facelift BMW 335i, Australia

The coupe body style of the fifth generation 3 Series became available in August 2006 (as a 2007 model year), one year after the saloon. The E92 is available in the 316i, 318i, 320i, 323i, 325i, 325xi, 328i, 328xi, 330i, 330xi, 335i, 335is, 335xi, 320d, 320xd, 325d, 330d, 330xd, 335d, M3, and M3 GTS. This would be the last model to include the coupe and convertible as a part of the 3 Series; for the sixth generation (F32/F33/F36) onwards, these body styles changed to being marketed as the 4 Series.

The coupe has significant differences to the sedan, compared with previous generations. Differences include the tail-light design (L-shaped on the coupe), more steeply angled headlights and smaller side windows. The coupe door panels are also longer, it seats two passengers in the rear instead of the three-person bench, and also includes a rear centre console tray.

The coupé also features frameless doors like its E46 predecessor. There are also retractable arms that extend from the B-pillar to hand the seat belt to the driver and/or passenger when the key fob is in the ignition and the door is closed.

Cabriolet (E93)

The 3 Series cabriolet is the first model in BMW's lineup with a 3-piece folding aluminium hard-top roof, instead of the cloth roof used by previous models. The E93 was one of first retractable hardtops in its price range.[22] Other manufacturers have since produced similar retractable hardtop convertibles, such as the Lexus IS C and Infiniti G37 convertible.[23] The "Comfort Access" option allows the roof to be raised and lowered using the key fob.

Overall visibility is up 38 percent, thanks to the side windows which are 30 percent larger, compared to the E46 3 Series Cabriolet.[24]

The BMW 3 Series convertible was often priced higher than direct rivals, however reviewers have praised its passenger/boot space (even with the roof down), driving dynamics, weight and chassis rigidity.[25][26][27][28]

Pre-facelift E93 325i with roof retracted 
Pre-facelift E93 325i with roof unretracted 

M3 version

The M3 version was powered by the BMW S65 V8 engine and produced in sedan, coupe and cabriolet body styles.

Special Editions

Andy Priaulx's BMW 320si WTCC.

320si (2005–2006)

To satisfy homologation requirements for the FIA World Touring Car Championship (WTCC), BMW built 2600 units of the 320si.[29]

BMW WTCC works driver Andy Priaulx won two of his three consecutive World Championships in the 320si E90 as well as four other drivers achieving over 35 wins in the championship since the cars release. The BMW 320si is used by a few teams in the British Touring Car Championship (BTCC). Colin Turkington won the 2009 BTCC Drivers championship using the BMW 320si.

335is (2011–2013)

BMW 335is (E93) with roof retracted

The 335is was produced in coupé and convertible models for the North American market. It sat between the regular 335i and the M3 in the model line-up, and approximately 6,300 units were produced. The 335is uses a higher performance version (N54T) of the N54 engine from the 2006-2013 335i, which increases boost from 8.7 to 11.6 PSI.[30] This results in 320 horsepower and 332 lb-ft of torque, plus an overboost function raises torque to 370 lb-ft for up to 7 seconds.

The 335is has stiffer engine mounts and an upgraded cooling system, with a heavy-duty radiator fan and two heat exchangers, one an engine oil cooler, the other a secondary coolant radiator. To accommodate these heat exchangers, which are located ahead of each front wheel, the 335is has larger air openings, similar to the M3. Fog lights were removed from the coupé version to allow for the openings, although they remain on the convertible version. In addition, the 335is is equipped with a revised, high-flow exhaust system, with the twin exhaust pipes finished in matte black, and a rear bumper that incorporates a diffuser-style piece.

Transmission options were a 7-speed double clutch transmission (DCT) with launch control (Same DCT transmission as the M3 but with different software programming) or a 6-speed manual transmission controlled by a short-throw "M" stick. The manual transmission has a heavy-duty clutch with more holding power than the regular 335i.

Interior upgrades include a thicker, "M" steering wheel, "M" steel pedals, standard sport seats, "M" door sills, and textured aluminium trim with "335is" badging on dash and in instrument cluster.[31][32] Exterior differences are black kidney grills, and "Style 313" split-five spoke "M" wheels in 18-inch or 19-inch size.

Model year changes

2008 Facelift (LCI)

In September 2008, the facelift (LCI) versions of the Saloon and Estate were released for the 2009 model year. Compared to typically subtle BMW LCI changes, these changes were relatively extensive.

Mechanical changes included an increase in rear track of 24 mm (0.94 in) for some models, a power increase for the 320d from 177 to 184 PS (135 kW; 181 bhp) and the N57 engine replacing the M57 for the 330d model.[33]

Styling changes included front and rear bumpers, wing mirrors, headlights, taillights, boot lid, wider kidney grilles and revised crease lines for the bonnet.[34][35]

For the interior, crash-activated head restraints were added to the front seats, the optional "Professional" navigation system was updated, iDrive was updated and the resolution of the display was increased.[36]

2010

For the 2010 model year,[37] the Sport, Lifestyle and Exclusive Edition were introduced for Saloon and Estate models. The 316d estate model was added, as was the 320d EfficientDynamics Edition saloon.

Mechanical changes included compliance with the EU5 emission standard, EU6 emission compliance (optional) for the 320d and 330d models, power increases for the 318d, 320d, 325d and 330d models, the N54 engine in the 335i being replaced by N55 engine, and additional features for BMW ConnectedDrive.

Engines

Petrol

Model Years Engine Power Torque0–100 km/h
316i 2007-2013 N45B16 85 kW (114 hp) 150 N·m (111 lb·ft) 11.0
316i 2007-2013 N43B16 90 kW (121 hp) 160 N·m (118 lb·ft) 10.8
318i 2005–2007 N46B20U1 95 kW (127 hp) 180 N·m (133 lb·ft) 10.0
318i 2007-2013 N46B20U2 100 kW (134 hp) 180 N·m (133 lb·ft) 9.8
318i 2007-2013 N43B20 105 kW (141 hp) 190 N·m (140 lb·ft) 9.1
320i 2005–2007 N46B20O1 110 kW (148 hp) 200 N·m (148 lb·ft) 9.0 s
320i 2007–2011 N46B20BD 115 kW (154 hp) 200 N·m (148 lb·ft) 9.0 s
320i 2011-2013 N43B20O0 125 kW (168 hp) 210 N·m (155 lb·ft) 8.2 s
320si 2005-2007 N45B20S 127 kW (170 hp) 210 N·m (155 lb·ft) 8.1 s
323i 2005–2007 N52B25 130 kW (174 hp) 230 N·m (170 lb·ft) 7.9 s
323i 2007-2013 N52B25 149 kW (200 hp) 244 N·m (180 lb·ft) 7.4 s
325i 2005–2007 N52B25O1 160 kW (215 hp) 250 N·m (184 lb·ft) 7.0 s
325i 2007-2013 N53B30U0 160 kW (215 hp) 270 N·m (199 lb·ft) 6.7
328i 2007-2013 N52B30 172 kW (231 hp) 271 N·m (200 lb·ft) 6.5
330i 2005-2007 N52B30O0 190 kW (255 hp) 300 N·m (221 lb·ft) 6.2
330i 2007-2013 N53B30O0 200 kW (268 hp) 320 N·m (236 lb·ft) 6.1
335i 2006–2009 N54B30O0 225 kW (302 hp) 400 N·m (295 lb·ft) 5.5
335i 2009-2013 N55B30 225 kW (302 hp) 400 N·m (295 lb·ft) 5.5
335is 2011-2013 N54B30T0 240 kW (322 hp) 500 N·m (369 lb·ft) 4.6 (DCT)
M3 2006-2013 S65B40 309 kW (414 hp) 400 N·m (295 lb·ft) 4.4 (DCT)
M3 GTS 2010-2011 S65B44 331 kW (444 hp) 440 N·m (325 lb·ft) 4.3 (DCT)

Diesel

Model Years Engine Power Torque0–100 km/h
316d 2009–2011 N47D20 85 kW (114 hp) 260 N·m (192 lb·ft) 10.9
318d 2005–2007 M47TU2D20 90 kW (121 hp) 280 N·m (207 lb·ft) 10.6
318d 2007–2011 N47D20 105 kW (141 hp) 320 N·m (236 lb·ft) 9.1
320d 2005–2009 M47TU2D20 120 kW (161 hp) 340 N·m (251 lb·ft) 8.3
320d 2009–2013 N47D20 130 kW (174 hp) 350 N·m (258 lb·ft) 7.9
320d 2010–2012 N47D20 135 kW (181 hp) 380 N·m (280 lb·ft) 7.6
320d ED 2010–2013 N47D20 120 kW (161 hp) 380 N·m (280 lb·ft) 8.0
325d 2006–2009 M57TU2D30 145 kW (194 hp) 400 N·m (295 lb·ft) 7.4
325d 2010–2012 N57D30U0 150 kW (201 hp) 430 N·m (317 lb·ft) 7.0
330d 2005–2008 M57TU2D30 170 kW (228 hp) 500 N·m (369 lb·ft) 6.7
330d 2008–2012 N57D30O0 180 kW (241 hp) 520 N·m (384 lb·ft) 6.1
335d 2006–2013 M57TU2D30 210 kW (282 hp) 580 N·m (428 lb·ft) 6.0

N54 fuel pump failures

Some E90/E91/E92/E93 models using the N54 engine experienced high pressure fuel pump (HPFP) problems.

Suspension

At the front, aluminium MacPherson struts are used. The rear suspension is a steel 5-link Multi-link suspension.[38]

Options

Interior

Options could be ordered individually (such as Xenon headlights and audio upgrades) or combined into packages. Optional interior colours, known as BMW Individual, were also available at extra cost.

The contents of the Premium Package varies according to model year and market.[39] It included items such as leather seats[40] with power adjustments, memory seat function, lumbar support, auto-dimming mirrors, a digital compass, auto-folding exterior mirrors, bluetooth and universal garage opener.[41]

The Cold Weather package includes headlight washers, heated front seats and split/folding rear seats.[42][43]

The Sports package includes a leather 3-prong sports steering wheel, sports front seats, 18-inch wheels, sports suspension and an increase in the speed limiter to 148 mph (238 km/h).[43]

The Technology package includes iDrive, navigation, keyless entry ("Comfort Access"), selectable driving modes ("M Drive"), HD radio and Electronic Damping Control.[44][45]

Safety

Euro NCAP scores[46]
Adult Occupant:
Child Occupant:
Pedestrian:

The Euro NCAP noted the poor pedestrian protection awarding 4 points out of 36, reporting the 3-series was "very disappointing" in this measure.

IIHS

The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) gives the 3-series a "Good" overall rating in both the frontal and side impact crash tests. The 3-series received "Good" marks in all six of the frontal crash test categories,[47] and "Good" marks in six of the nine categories in the side impact test.[48] The IIHS also gave the 3-series the Top Safety Pick award. The convertible is rated "Marginal" in side impacts,[49] making the 3-series convertible the lowest rated vehicle currently sold in its class in IIHS tests.[50]

2008 sedan NHTSA scores[51]
Frontal Driver:
Frontal Passenger:
Side Rear Driver:
Side Rear Passenger:
Rollover:

Production

BMW plant in Leipzig, Germany: Spot welding of BMW 3 series car bodies with KUKA industrial robots.

In 2002, Norbert Reithofer and Development Chief Burkhard Goeschel started an initiative to halve the time it took to reach full production of the next generation 3-series from six months to three.[52]

First marketed in March 2005, the car quickly became BMW Group's best-selling car worldwide, and by the end of the year 229.900 vehicles had been delivered.[53]

The BMW E90 series was the best-selling luxury car in Canada and the United States. The 2006 E90 marked the 15th consecutive year that the 3-series was named Car and Driver's 10Best.[54][55]


Production period

The production dates for each model are as follows:

Units sold

Units sold according to BMW's annual reports:[56]

Year Total Sedan Touring Coupé Cabriolet Note
2005 256,981 229,932 27,049 - - Saloon launched in March, Touring introduced in September.
2006 463,820 336,232 105,483 22,105 - Coupé introduced in September.
2007 555,135 310,194 102,399 89,572 52,970 Convertible launched in March.
2008 474,208 246,231 93,191 79,248 55,538
2009 397,103 219,850 84,601 54,852 37,800
2010 399,009 242,831 74,008 46,358 35,812
2011 384,464 240,279 72,054 39,332 32,799
2012 112,707 - 59,144 29,525 24,038 F30 Sedan launched.
2013 32,658 - - 15,240 17,418 F30 Touring launched in autumn 2012.
Total 3,076,085 1,825,549 617,929 376,232 256,375

Motorsports

The E92 Art Car entered the 2010 24 Hours of Le Mans race, with Andy Priaulx (GB), Dirk Müller (DE) and Dirk Werner (DE) driving the number 78 car[57][58] which failed to complete the race.[59]

Awards

References

  1. ↑ "Bavarian Auto Group". www.bag-eg.com. 9 April 2010. Archived from the original on 22 July 2010. Retrieved 13 June 2010.
  2. ↑ David Gow (29 March 2007). "BMW unveils assembly plant in India". www.theguardian.com. Archived from the original on 5 January 2017. Retrieved 5 January 2017.
  3. 1 2 Kon Wai Luen (9 March 2012). "Last roll out of E90 BMW 3 Series from Kulim". www.autoworld.com.my. Archived from the original on 5 January 2017. Retrieved 5 January 2017.
  4. ↑ "Facilities | Ford Motor Company Newsroom". www.media.ford.com. Archived from the original on 2 September 2010. Retrieved 13 September 2010.
  5. ↑ "Группа компаний Автотор :: Автомобили BMW". www.avtotor.ru. Archived from the original on 8 June 2003. Retrieved 13 June 2010.
  6. ↑ "3'E92 LCI 318i model selection". www.realoem.com. Retrieved 1 April 2017.
  7. ↑ "BMW's new purchasing/processing/production approach for the E90". www.e90post.com. Retrieved 9 January 2017.
  8. ↑ "From the drawing board to the road" (PDF). BMW Group. Retrieved 2012-10-08.
  9. ↑ "BMW Car Designers". www.bmwism.com. Retrieved 9 January 2017.
  10. ↑ "The new BMW 3 Series Coupé: design sketch (06/2006)". Retrieved 11 March 2013.
  11. ↑ "2005 BMW 325xi E90 specifications, information". www.carfolio.com.
  12. ↑ "Specifications for BMW 318i E90 Sedan (2005-2008)". www.bmwheaven.com.
  13. ↑ "RealOEM.com - Select Your BMW Model". www.realoem.com. Retrieved 14 January 2017.
  14. ↑ "BMW » Test Drive: 2006 BMW 323i". CanadianDriver. 2005-12-21. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
  15. ↑ Good, The (2010-03-19). "BMW 128i vs BMW 323i – THE GOOD CAR GUY EXAMINES THE WHYS AND WHY NOTS". Good Car Bad Car. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
  16. ↑ "2006 BMW 323i". Wheels.ca. Archived from the original on 26 August 2010. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
  17. ↑ Canada. "Deals of the Week: BMW 3-Series, Mustang, Hyundai Veracruz". The Globe and Mail. Archived from the original on 13 September 2010. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
  18. ↑ "BMW Luxury Edition". Bmwluxuryedition.ca. Archived from the original on 7 September 2010. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
  19. ↑ "The BMW 3 Series Touring" (PDF). BMW AG. Retrieved 9 September 2012.
  20. ↑ "3 Series model selection". www.bmwusa.com. Archived from the original on 2013-08-01.
  21. ↑ "The 2007 BMW 3 Series Sports Wagon" (PDF). BMW of North America, LLC. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 10, 2006. Retrieved 9 September 2012.
  22. ↑ "2007 335i". www.cars.com.
  23. ↑ "Review: 2011 BMW 328i Convertible". www.leftlanenews.com.
  24. ↑ "2008 BMW 335i Convertible - First Drive Review". www.caranddriver.com.
  25. ↑ "2009 BMW 328i Convertible – Test drive and new car review – 2009 BMW 328i Convertible". Cars.about.com. 2010-09-21. Archived from the original on 26 September 2010. Retrieved 2010-10-03.
  26. ↑ "Luxury Convertible Comparison: 2010 Audi A5 vs 2010 BMW 335i vs 2009 Infiniti G37 vs 2010 Lexus IS 350". Motor Trend. Retrieved 2011-06-22.
  27. ↑ "2010 Audi A5 2.0T Quattro vs. 2010 BMW 328i, 2009 Infiniti G37, 2010 Lexus IS350C – Comparison Tests". Caranddriver.com. Retrieved 2011-06-22.
  28. ↑ "2009 BMW 328i, 2009 Volvo C70 – Automatic Transmission – Luxury Hardtop Convertibles – Automobile Magazine". Automobilemag.com. Archived from the original on 2009-07-27. Retrieved 2011-11-24.
  29. ↑ "BMW 320si". www.evo.co.uk. Archived from the original on 2008-04-16.
  30. ↑ "First test: 2011 335is". www.motortrend.com.
  31. ↑ "2011 BMW 335is Coupe". Car and Driver. January 2010. Retrieved 2015-08-06.
  32. ↑ "2011 BMW 335is". Road and Track. Jan 12, 2011. Retrieved 2015-08-06.
  33. ↑ Tan, Paul. "Face lifted 2009 BMW 3-Series full details and photos". Paultan.org. Retrieved 2010-10-03.
  34. ↑ "Photo Comparison: E92 Coupe facelift vs. pre-facelift". www.bmwblog.com. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
  35. ↑ "LCI changes". www.e90post.com. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
  36. ↑ "2009 BMW 335i and 330d LCI Review". www.paultan.org. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
  37. ↑ "The BMW 3 Series in the 2010 Model Year". Press.bmwgroup.com. Retrieved 2017-01-07.
  38. ↑ "E90 Suspension & Chassis Components". www.e90post.com.
  39. ↑ "Can someone tell me about e90 option packages?". www.bimmerforums.com. Retrieved 20 January 2017.
  40. ↑ "335i leather seats or leatherette?". www.bimmerfest.com. Retrieved 20 January 2017.
  41. ↑ "Premium Package worth it?". www.e90post.com. Retrieved 20 January 2017.
  42. ↑ "Cold Weather Package vs. "just" Heated Seats?". www.bimmerfest.com. Retrieved 20 January 2017.
  43. 1 2 "2006 BMW 330i - Long-Term Road Test". www.caranddriver.com. Retrieved 20 January 2017.
  44. ↑ "E92 M3 tech package recommended?". www.m3post.com. Retrieved 20 January 2017.
  45. ↑ "E90/E92 BMW M3 Buyers Guide | Secret Entourage". Secret Entourage. 1 October 2014. Retrieved 20 January 2017.
  46. ↑ "For safer cars | BMW 3 Series". Euro NCAP. Archived from the original on 26 February 2009. Retrieved 2009-04-12.
  47. ↑ "IIHS-HLDI: BMW 3 series". Iihs.org. 2008-11-25. Archived from the original on 20 April 2009. Retrieved 2009-04-12.
  48. ↑ "IIHS-HLDI: BMW 3 series". Iihs.org. 2008-11-25. Archived from the original on 23 March 2009. Retrieved 2009-04-12.
  49. ↑ "IIHS-HLDI: BMW 3 series convertible". Iihs.org. 2009-11-18. Archived from the original on 10 April 2010. Retrieved 2010-03-16.
  50. ↑ "IIHS-HLDI: Midsize convertibles – Current Models". Iihs.org. Archived from the original on 7 April 2010. Retrieved 2010-03-16.
  51. ↑ "Safercar.gov". Safercar.gov. Retrieved 2011-04-18.
  52. ↑ A Role Model For The Team Player BusinessWeek – October 16, 2006
  53. ↑ eMarketing@bmwgroup.com. "BMW Group, annual report 2005 (accessed 11 Oct 06)". Bmwgroup.com. Archived from the original on 24 September 2010. Retrieved 2010-10-03.
  54. ↑ Csere, Csaba. "2006 10Best Cars: Best Luxury Sports Sedan" (January 2006). Hearst Communications, Inc. Hearst Communications, Inc. Retrieved 23 September 2014.
  55. ↑ Good, The (2010-01-25). "2009'S YEAR END COMPARISON OF ENTRY-LUXURY CAR SALES IN CANADA". Good Car Bad Car. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
  56. ↑ eMarketing@bmwgroup.com. "BMW Group". BMW Group. Archived from the original on 9 June 2010. Retrieved 2010-06-13.
  57. ↑ Login. "BMW Art Car to compete in 24 Hours of LeMans". Autoblog.com. Retrieved 2017-01-07.
  58. ↑ "BMW Art Car to compete in 24 Hours of LeMans". Bmwblog.com. Retrieved 2017-01-07.
  59. ↑ Login (2010-06-12). "BMW Art Car and all-female Ford GT out of Le Mans". Autoblog.com. Retrieved 2017-01-07.
  60. ↑ "BMW 3-Series declared World Car of the Year". World Car of the Year Awards. 2006-04-13. Archived from the original on 2006-11-13. Retrieved 2006-10-11.
  61. ↑ Chas Hallett (2012-09-19). "BMW 320d ED wins Green Car of the Year". What Car?. Archived from the original on 2012-09-23. Retrieved 2012-09-27.


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