BMC ADO16

BMC ADO16
Morris 1100 Mark II
Overview
Manufacturer	British Motor Corporation (1963-1968) British Leyland (1968-1974)
Production	Austin: 1963–1974 MG: 1962-1973 Morris: 1962–71 Riley: 1962-1969 Vanden Plas: 1964-1974 Wolseley: 1965-1973
Assembly	Longbridge, Birmingham, United Kingdom Cowley, Oxford, United Kingdom
Designer	Sir Alec Issigonis
Body and chassis
Class	Compact car / Small family car (C)
Body style	4-door saloon 2-door saloon 2-door estate
Layout	Front engine, front-wheel drive
Powertrain
Engine	1.1 L A-Series I4 (1100) 1.3 L A-Series I4 (1300)
Dimensions
Wheelbase	93.5 in (2,375 mm)
Length	146.65 in (3,725 mm) (saloon & estate)
Width	60.38 in (1,534 mm)
Height	53 in (1,346 mm)
Kerb weight	1,834 lb (832 kg) approx
Chronology
Predecessor	Austin A40 Farina Riley One-Point-Five Wolseley 1500
Successor	Austin Allegro (Austin) MG Maestro (MG) Morris Marina (Morris) Vanden Plas 1500 (Vanden Plas)

The BMC ADO16 (Amalgamated Drawing Office project number 16)^[1] is a family of small family cars built by the British Motor Corporation (BMC) and, later, British Leyland. It was launched in 1962 and for most of the next decade the ADO16 was the UK's best-selling car.

The ADO16 was marketed under various make and model names, however the Austin 1100 and Morris 1100 (or simply just the 1100) were the most prolific of all the ADO16 variants. The various nameplates that the model series were marketed under are listed below:

• Austin 1100 and 1300
• Austin 11/55,^[2] America, Apache, de Luxe, Glider and Victoria
• Innocenti Austin I4 and I4S ^[3]
• Innocenti Morris IM3 and IM3S ^[3]
• Innocenti I5
• MG 1100, 1275 and 1300
• MG Princess,^[4] Sports Sedan,^[2] MG 1100S and MG-S 1300
• Morris 1100 and 1300
• Morris 11/55,^[5] 1100S, Marina ^[2] and Marina GT
• Riley Kestrel and 1300 ^[6]
• Vanden Plas Princess 1100, Princess 1275 and Princess 1300
• Wolseley 1100, 1275 and 1300
• Wolsley 11/55 ^[2] & Wesp ^[2]

In line with BMC's policy at the time, Austin badged versions of the ADO16 were built at Longbridge, whilst Morris and MG versions were assembled at Cowley. However, some were also built in Spain by Authi, in Italy by Innocenti and at the company's own plant in Belgium. It was the basis for locally adapted similar cars manufactured in Australia and South Africa. Various versions including Austin, Morris, MG, Wolseley and Riley were assembled in New Zealand and Malta from CKD kits from 1963 until the final Austin/Morris versions were discontinued in 1974, a year after the launch of its replacement, the Austin Allegro.

The vehicle was launched as the Morris 1100 on 15 August 1962. The range was expanded to include several rebadged versions, including the twin-carburettor MG 1100 (introduced at the end of September 1962^[7]), the Austin 1100 (August 1963),^[8] the Vanden Plas Princess 1100 (October 1963)^[9] and finally the Wolseley 1100 (1965) and Riley Kestrel (1965). The Morris badged 1100/1300 models were discontinued on the launch of the Morris Marina in 1971, but Austin and Vanden Plas versions remained in production in the UK until June 1974.

The three-door estate version followed in 1966, called Countryman in the Austin version and Traveller in the Morris one, continuing the established naming scheme. The Austin 1100 Countryman appeared in the Fawlty Towers episode "Gourmet Night", in which the short-tempered owner of Fawlty Towers Basil Fawlty (John Cleese) gave it a "damn good thrashing". This episode was first shown in October 1975.

In 1964 the 1100 was Wheels magazine's Car of the Year.

For most of its production life, the AD016 was Britain's best selling car.

Design and development

The ADO16 (Amalgamated Drawing Office project number 16) was designed by Alec Issigonis. Following his success with the Mini, Issigonis set out to design a larger and more sophisticated car which incorporated more advanced features and innovations. In common with the Mini, the ADO16 was designed around the BMC A-Series engine, mounted transversely and driving the front wheels. As well as single piston swinging caliper disc brakes at the front, which were not common on mass-produced cars in the early 1960s, the ADO16 featured a Hydrolastic interconnected fluid suspension system designed by Alex Moulton. The mechanically interconnected Citroen 2CV suspension was assessed in the mid-1950s by Alec Issigonis and Alex Moulton (according to an interview by Moulton with CAR magazine in the late 1990s), and was an inspiration in the design of the Hydrolastic suspension system for the Mini and Austin 1100, to try to keep the benefits of the 2CV system (ride comfort, body levelling, keeping the roadwheel under good control and the tyre in contact with the road), but with added roll stiffness that the 2CV lacked. Pininfarina, the Italian styling studio which had worked with BMC before on the Austin A40 Farina, was commissioned to style the car. ADO16 had comparable interior space to the larger Ford Cortina.

BMC engineer Charles Griffin took over development work from Issigonis at the end of the 1950s while Issigonis completed work on the Mini. Griffin ensured the 1100 had high levels of refinement, comfort and presentation. Griffin would later have overall responsibility for the Princess, Metro, Maestro and Montego ranges.^[10]

The ADO16 range sold 2.1 million units between 1962 and 1974, more than half of those being sold on the UK home market.^[10]

Autocar reports in October 1973, while the car is still in production that approximately 2,365,420 ADO16's had been produced.^[11]

Mark I (1962–67)

Morris 1300 MKII

Austin 1300 Mark III

1969 MG 1300 Mk. II two-door saloon

Morris 1300 Mark II 2 door Saloon

Riley Kestrel

Vanden Plas Princess 1100

Wolseley 1300

The original Mark I models were distinctive for their use of a Hydrolastic suspension. Marketing material highlighted the spacious cabin when compared to competitor models which in the UK by 1964 included the more conservatively configured Ford Anglia, Vauxhall Viva HA and BMC's own still popular Morris Minor. Unlike almost all of its competitors, the AD016 featured front-wheel drive instead of the rear-wheel drive.

The Mark I Austin / Morris 1100 was available, initially, only as a four-door saloon. In March 1966 a three-door station wagon became available, badged as the Morris 1100 Traveller or the Austin 1100 Countryman.^[12] Domestic market customers looking for a two-door saloon would have to await the arrival in 1967 of the Mark II version, although the two-door 1100 saloon had by now been introduced to certain oversea markets, including the United States where a 2-door MG 1100 was offered.

An Automotive Products (AP) four-speed automatic transmission was added as an option in November 1965.^[13] In order to avoid the serious levels of power loss then typical in small-engined cars with automatic transmission the manufacturers incorporated a new carburettor and a higher compression ratio in the new 1965 automatic transmission cars: indeed a press report of the time found very little power loss in the automatic 1100, though the same report expressed the suspicion that this might in part reflect the unusually high level of power loss resulting from the way in which the installation of the transversely mounted "normal" manual gear box had been engineered.^[14]

Engine

• 1962–1974: 1098 cc A-Series I4

Mark II (1967–71)

At the end of May 1967, BMC announced the fitting of a larger 1275 cc engine to the MG, Riley Kestrel, Vanden Plas and Wolseley variants.^[15] The new car combined the 1275 cc engine block already familiar to drivers of newer Mini Cooper S and Austin-Healey Sprite models with the 1100 transmission, its gear ratios remaining unchanged for the larger engine, but the final-drive being significantly more highly geared.^[15]

The Mark II versions of the Austin and Morris models were announced, with the larger engine making it into these two makes' UK market ranges in October 1967 (as the Austin 1300 and Morris 1300). An 1100 version of the Mark II continued alongside the larger-engined models.

Unusually for cars at this end of the market, domestic market waiting lists of several months accumulated for the 1300-engined cars during the closing months of 1967 and well into 1968.^[16] The manufacturers explained that following the devaluation of the British Pound in the Fall / Autumn of 1967 they were working flat out to satisfy export market demand, but impatient British would-be customers could be reassured that export sales of the 1300s were "going very well".^[16] MG, Wolseley, Riley and Vanden Plas variants with the 1300 engines were already available on the home market in very limited quantities, and Austin and Morris versions would begin to be "available here in small quantities in March 1968".^[16]

The addition of a larger engined model to the AD016 range came at a time when most cars of this size were now available with larger engines than the 1100cc unit which until then had been the only engine available in the whole range. Its key rivals in the 1960s were the Vauxhall Viva (in HA form from 1963 and HB form from 1966) and the Ford Anglia (and from the end of 1967, the Anglia's successor, the Escort). From 1970, it had gained another fresh rival in the form of the HC Viva, and also from a new Rootes Group model, the Hillman Avenger.

On the outside, a slightly wider front grille, extending a little beneath the headlights, and with a fussier detailing, differentiated Austin / Morris Mark IIs from their Mark I predecessors, along with a slightly smoother tail light fitting which also found its way onto the FX4 London taxi of the time. Austin and Morris grilles were again differentiated, the Austin having wavy bars and the Morris straight ones. The 1100 had been introduced with synchromesh on the top three ratios: all synchromesh manual gearboxes were introduced with the 1275 cc models at the end of 1967 and found their way into 1098 cc cars a few months later.^[17]

Mark II versions of the MG, Riley, Vanden Plas and Wolseley were introduced in October 1968, at which time Riley abandoned the Kestrel name. The Riley 1300 Mark II was cancelled in July 1969,^[18] and signalled the demise of the Riley marque, proving to be a shade of things to come as the 1970s would see British Leyland discontinue the Wolseley marque and sell most of its model ranges under a solitary brand.

At the London Motor Show in October 1969 the manufacturers introduced the Austin / Morris 1300 GT, featuring the same 1275 cc twin carburetter engine as that installed in the MG 1300, but with a black full width grill, a black vinyl roof and a thick black metal strip along the side.^[19] This was BMC's answer to the Ford Escort GT and its Vauxhall counterpart.^[19] Ride height on the Austin / Morris 1300 GT was fractionally lowered through the reduction of the Hydrolastic fluid pressure from 225 to 205 psi.^[19]

Engine

• 1967–71: 1098 cc A-Series I4
• 1967–71: 1275 cc A-Series I4

During 1970, despite being fundamentally little changed since the introduction of the Morris 1100 in 1962, the Austin/Morris 1100/1300 retained its position as Britain's top-selling car, with 132,965 vehicles registered as against 123,025 for the Ford Cortina, in that year entering its third incarnation.^[20] By the time the two millionth ADO16 was produced, at the end of June 1971,^[13] the Morris-badged version of the car had been withdrawn in order to create space in the range and in the showrooms for the Morris Marina.^[13] 1970 turned out to be the 1100/1300's last year at the top of the UK charts.

Mark III (1971–74)

The Mark III models were introduced in September 1971. At the launch of the Morris 1100 in 1962 the manufacturer stated that they intended for the ADO16 models to remain in production for at least ten years,^[21] which despite BMC's vicissitudes through the 1960s turned out to be reasonably prescient. The range was gradually reduced, with the MG 1300 dropped in 1971 and the Wolseley 1300 in 1973. The final British ADO16, a Vanden Plas Princess 1300, left the factory on 19 June 1974. The ADO16 was replaced by the Austin Allegro, which had been launched in April 1973, and the luxury Vanden Plas 1500 version of the Allegro debuted in 1975.

By this time, its original rival, the Ford Cortina, had long since grown larger, putting ADO16 into the small, rather than medium-sized class, which British Leyland was now competing in with the Austin Maxi, Morris Marina and Triumph Dolomite, as well as the long-running 1800 saloons. The AD016's final key rivals were the Ford Escort, Vauxhall Viva and Hillman Avenger. Foreign cars were also becoming increasingly popular on the UK market during the early 1970s, with perhaps the biggest imported rival to the ADO16 being the Datsun Sunny from Japan.

Engine

• 1971–74: 1098 cc A-Series I4
• 1971–74: 1275 cc A-Series I4

ADO16 timeline

• March 1962: The first Morris 1100 and MG 1100 cars were produced at Cowley.
• 15 August 1962: Launch of the Morris 1100 four-door saloon in Britain. Two-door saloon for export only. Available in two levels of trim: Standard and De Luxe.
• August 1962 - Denmark: The Morris 1100 was exported to Denmark where it went on sale as the Morris Marina. It was initially a slow seller due to a new tax regime that had been introduced in Denmark.
• 2 October 1962: Launch of the MG 1100 four-door saloon in Britain. Like the Morris 1100, the two-door saloon was reserved for export only. The MG 1100 had a more powerful 55 bhp (41 kW) twin carburettor version of the A Series engine and a more luxurious interior.
• November 1962: Both models now have rear mud flaps.
• November 1962 - USA: MG 1100 launched and marketed as the MG Sports Sedan, 1100cc 55bhp engine available in 2 or 4 door versions.
• January 1963 - Denmark: Sales for the Morris Marina begin to improve.
• February 1963 - New Zealand: CKD Morris 1100 De Luxe assembly starts at Dominion Motors, Newmarket, Auckland.
• April 1963 - Italy: Introduction of the Innocenti Morris IM3. This was an ADO16 assembled on the northern side of Milan, with different front end styling, petrol flap, different bumpers and higher quality interior trim, 1100cc with twin S.U. HS2 carburettors. "IM" was short for "Innocenti-Morris", though the alternative initials "JM" were often used, reflecting those writing styles in which a long 'i' and 'j' can become indistinguishable. The '3' resulted from this being the third BMC model adapted and assembled in Italy by Innocenti.
• May 1963 - South Africa: Morris 1100 introduced in Standard and De luxe trim, Identical to GB. Built at Blackheath, Cape Town.^[22]
• August 1963 - South Africa: MG 1100 introduced. Identical to GB.^[23]
• September 1963: Introduction of the Austin 1100, similar to the Morris 1100 but with the traditional 8 wavy bar grille with Austin coat of arms on the bonnet and different interior trim and dashboard.^[8]
• October 1963: Vanden Plas Princess 1100 is launched at the London Motor Show to gauge public reaction.^[9]
• October 1963: All models had the windscreen washer bottle relocated to prevent it from freezing up.
• November 1963: Carpets were replaced by rubber mats.
• 17 February 1964 - Australia: Launch of the Morris 1100 De Luxe. It had a total of thirty-seven different modifications to make it suitable for Australian terrain, including a modified interior for greater comfort. A bench front seat was fitted, with the handbrake moved to a position between the driver's side of the seat and the door. A long, bent gear lever was used to clear the middle of the seat.^[24] Externally, over-riders were fitted to both the front and rear bumper bars and, as an optional extra, a solid or metal mesh sun visor could be fitted to the top windscreen arch to help "protect the front seat occupants from eye strain caused by direct sun rays." Another optional extra was a metal horizontally slatted "Venetian Shade" which could be fitted internally to the back window. This was intended to prevent the interior becoming too hot.^[25]
• May 1964 - South Africa: Austin 1100 introduced in Standard and De luxe trim. Identical to GB.
• Spring 1964: Vanden Plas Princess 1100 enters production^[9] It was the top of the range model with walnut-veneer dashboard, door cappings, picnic tables in the back of the front seats, Connolly Leather hide upholstery, Wilton carpets and West of England cloth headlining.
• September 1964: Revisions: all models have diaphragm spring clutch, improved heater, crush-style sun visors and plastic-framed rear-view mirror.
• November 1964 - Italy: Introduction of the Innocenti Austin J4 at the Torino (Turin) Motor Show. The front end styling was very similar to the Morris 1100 sold in the UK. It was fitted with the straight eight bar grille, and similar side lamps, but with clear lenses.
• Late 1964/early 1965 - USA: Launch of the MG Princess. 154 cars were sold.
• January 1965: Introduction of the Crayford estate conversions of the ADO16.
• June 1965 - Spain: British Motor Corporation/Nueva Montaña Quijano (NMQ) form 50% partnership in Authi (Automoviles de Turismo Hispano Ingleses).
• August 1965 - USA: MG Sports Sedan 2 and 4 door versions updated with faux wood Austin style fascia.
• September 1965: Introduction of the Wolseley 1100 and Riley Kestrel, both of which were mechanically similar to the MG 1100. The Wolseley had a strip speedometer, while the Riley Kestrel had round dials and a rev counter.
• October 1965: Optional four-speed automatic transmission available on the Austin and Morris versions.
• Late 1965: Introduction of the Mystique conversion by Creech Motors in Somerset.
• 1965 - Italy: Twin Dell’Orto FZD carburettors introduced on Innocenti Morris IM3, twin S.U. HS2 carburettors are still available, but rare.
• January 1966 - South Africa: Morris 1100 De Luxe receives Austin fascia. Morris 1100 Standard retains original fascia.^[26]
• March 1966: Morris 1100 Traveller and Austin 1100 Countryman launched at the Geneva Motor Show.
• May 1966: Reclining front seats become available on all 1100s. When specified on the Traveller and Countryman the interior could be converted into a double bed as pictured.
• May 1966 - Italy: The Innocenti Austin J4S launched. Innocenti Austin J4 with twin carburettors and more trim.
• August 1966 - Italy: The Innocenti IM3S launched. The model lost over-riders, and was fitted with a different grille.
• Mid-1966: Longbridge had developed a hatchback version of the Australian Morris 1500 known as the Nomad. This model would be launched in Australia in June 1969, but would be never sold in the UK.
• September 1966 - Spain: Authi Morris 1100 production begins using Austin rather than Morris fascia, available in showrooms from January 1967.
• December 1966 - British Motor Holdings Limited (BMH) was formed following the British Motor Corporation takeover of both Jaguar Cars and the Pressed Steel Company.
• Early 1967 - Ireland: 264 MG 1100 two-door saloons sent in CKD form.
• March 1967 - 1 Millionth ADO16 produced.
• May 1967 - South Africa: Wolseley 1100 introduced with 50 b.h.p, single SU HS2, 1098cc engine. Austin 1100 Countryman and Morris 1100 Traveller introduced, Identical to GB.
• June 1967: The 1275 cc engine became an optional extra on the MG, Riley, Vanden Plas and Wolseley versions, in single carburettor 58 bhp (43 kW) form. These models were specifically badged up using the 1275 cc badging.
• June 1967 - USA: MG Sports Sedan 2 and 4 door versions fitted with 1275cc 58bhp engine as standard.^[27] Austin 1100 launched. The Austin 1100 featured a single large speedometer fitted in the centre of dashboard, similar to that fitted in De Luxe versions of the Morris / Austin 1100 Mark II. Both cars would be replaced by the Austin America in 1968.
• July 1967 - Spain: Authi MG 1100 launched. Twin carburettor 55 b.h.p engine and 4 door Mark I body with strip speedometer and Innocenti designed interior introduced.
• August 1967- Australia: Launch of the Morris 1100 S, with the 1275 cc engine.
• Autumn 1967: The Vanden Plas Princess 1275 is replaced after only a few months by the Vanden Plas Princess 1300.^[28]
• October 1967: Launch of the 1100 Mark II models, with cropped rear fins (saloon models only), ventilated wheels, indicator side repeater lamps fitted to the front wings. A revised interior was also fitted. Austin and Morris versions had revised styling at the front end being fitted with a wider grille. Austin and Morris badges were relocated from the bonnet to the grille. Morris model now fitted with black crackle dashboard similar to the Austin. Rocker switches fitted instead of toggle switches on both models. Estate versions gain a simulated wood effect side trim. Still have Mark I styling at the rear. Introduction of the 1300 models, similar to the 1100 Mark II but with 1275 cc, 58 bhp (43 kW) engine and different front grilles. Morris, Austin and MG 1300 available in two- and four-door, while the Riley, Vanden Plas and Wolseley continued in four-door. MG, Riley, Vanden Plas, Wolseley models were available with automatic transmission. Jensen convertible shown at the London Motor show. It was based around an Austin 1100 Countryman.
• October 1967 - USA: MG Sports sedan & Austin 1100 discontinued.
• November 1967: A batch of fifty 1100 vans had been produced. Model never made it into production.
• January 1968 - British Leyland (BL) takes over British Motor Holdings Limited.
• January 1968 - South Africa: Austin 11/55, Morris 11/55 and Wolseley 11/55 introduced with 54 b.h.p, single SU HS2, 1098cc engine, replacing Austin and Morris 1100 De Luxe and Wolseley 1100. Austin 1100 Countryman, Morris 1100 Traveller, Austin and Morris 1100 Standard, retain 50 b.h.p 1098cc engine.^[5][29]
• March 1968 - Spain: Authi Morris 1100 Traveller launched.
• May 1968 - USA: Austin America launched, available in 2 doors only, with 1275cc 58bhp Automatic. Manual available only on request.^[30]
• June 1968: without any formal announcement, a more powerful twin carburettor version of BMC's 1,275 cc engine is fitted to manual gearbox versions of the MG, Riley, Wolseley and Vanden Plas models: automatic transmission versions retained the single carburettor engine.^[31]
• July 1968 - South Africa: MG 1100S with 58 b.h.p, twin SU HS2, 1098cc engine replaces MG 1100. Rev counter and oil cooler fitted as standard.^[29][32]
• September 1968 - Spain: Authi Morris 1300 with 4 door Mark II body introduced, replacing Authi Morris 1100.
• September 1968 - South Africa: MkII body introduced to Austin 11/55 and Wolseley 11/55. Austin 1100 Countryman, Morris 1100 Traveller, Morris 11/55, Austin and Morris 1100 Standard discontinued.
• September 1968 - USA: Austin America (1969 model) updated, minor cosmetic changes.
• October 1968 - Spain: Authi MG 1300 introduced with twin carburettor 65 b.h.p engine and 4 door Mark II body, replacing Authi MG 1100.
• January 1969 - South Africa: MkII body introduced to MG1100S.
• February 1969 - Spain: Authi Morris 1300 Traveller introduced, replacing Authi Morris 1100 Traveller.
• April 1969 - Spain: 4 gear synchromesh gearbox introduced to Authi range.
• June 1969 - Australia: Morris 1100 production ended, being replaced by the Morris 1300, Morris 1500 and Morris Nomad.^[33] Nearly 90,000 had been built, all at the BMC Zetland, New South Wales factory.^[34] 1300 & 1500 Sedans were coded YDO15 and the Nomad models were designated YDO9.^[35]
• July 1969 - Spain: BL buys 51% stake in NMQ - 76% share in Authi.
• September 1969 - South Africa: Automatic Austin 11/55 & Wolseley 11/55 introduced.^[36]
• September 1969 - USA: Austin America (1970 model) updated with rubber faced over-riders, alternator and other improvements.
• December 1969 - South Africa: MG 1100S discontinued.
• October 1970 - USA: Austin America (1971 model) updated with new GT style grille and other improvements.
• November 1970 - Italy: The Innocenti J5 launched, 1100cc with twin S.U. HS2 Carburettors, replacing Innocenti Morris IM3S, Innocenti Austin J4 & J4S.
• January 1971 - Spain: Austin 1300 MkII introduced, replacing Authi Morris 1300. Austin 1300 Countryman introduced, replacing Authi Morris 1300 Traveller. Authi and Morris names now dropped.
• July 1971: 2 Millionth ADO16 produced.^[37]
• September 1971: Mark III models are introduced.^[38]
• September 1971 - Spain: MG-S 1300 introduced. Updated with the 3 dial fascia as per GB MG 1300 MkII, but with a 4 door body, Innocenti designed interior and 65 b.h.p engine, replacing Authi MG 1300.
• September 1971 - USA: Austin America discontinued, replaced by Austin badged Morris Marina.
• November 1971 - South Africa: Austin Apache introduced with 62 b.h.p, single SU HS4, 1275cc engine, replacing Austin 11/55 and Wolseley 11/55.
• April 1972 - Spain: Austin 1100 with MkIII body launched.
• May 1972 - Italy: British Leyland takes over Innocenti and axes the Innocenti J5 soon after.
• September 1972 - New Zealand: MkIII Austin & Morris models introduced. Available 1100, 1300 and 1300 Automatic. Assembled at NZMC, Newmarket, Auckland.^[37]
• October 1972 - Spain: Austin Victoria introduced with two levels of trim, Standard or De Luxe, replacing Austin 1300. Austin 1300 Countryman & MG-S 1300 discontinued.
• January 1973: Introduction of the rod change gearbox and pot joint inner CV joints.
• April 1973: Launch of the Austin Allegro, replacement for the ADO16 models, in the United Kingdom. However, the ADO16 models remain in production alongside the Allegro for the time being.^[39]
• May 1973 - Spain: BL buys 98% share in Authi.
• July 1973 - South Africa: Austin Apache TC introduced with 70 b.h.p, twin SU HS2, 1275cc engine. Austin Apache updated with new fascia from MkIII. Rod gearbox.
• February 1974 - Spain: Austin De Luxe introduced with 54 b.h.p 998cc engine, replacing Austin 1100.
• June 1974: Production of the remaining ADO16 models in the United Kingdom is discontinued.^[39]
• October 1974 - Spain: A Fire at the factory results in BL deciding to close factory. Negotiations with GM to buy factory had fallen through earlier in the year.
• May 1975 - Spain: Production ends for Austin Victoria and Austin De Luxe.
• November 1975 - New Zealand: MkIII Austin & Morris models discontinued, replaced by Austin Allegro.^[40] 42,357 CKD kits were assembled in New Zealand at Newmarket, Auckland (Dominion Motors, NZMC) and Petone, Wellington (Austin Distributors' Federation).^[41]
• May 1976 - South Africa: Austin Apache 35 Automatic limited edition model introduced. Limited to 300.^[42]
• April 1977 - South Africa: Austin Apache Automatic discontinued.
• 1977 - South Africa: Austin Apache and Austin Apache TC discontinued. Available until 1978.

Gallery

• 
  Austin 1100 MkI Countryman (estate version) 1967. A red 1100 Countryman was immortalised in the Fawlty Towers episode "Gourmet Night"
• 
  1970 Austin 1300 Countryman
• 
  Rear view of a Maltese assembled Austin 1100 MkIII
• 
  Morris 1300 MkII Traveller (estate version) 1969

Legacy

As of February 2016 it was reported that 640 examples were still on UK roads.^[43]

During the Worboys Committee in the 1960s when the British road signage system was being redesigned, the silhouette of the ADO16 (since it was the UK's best selling car of the time) was used in many of the new road sign designs which are all still in use.

ADO16 overseas

The Austin Victoria was a Pamplona assembled ADO16, introduced in 1972 with a restyled front end and a lengthened rear luggage compartment.

The car was sold with various names in different markets.

In Spain it was sold as Morris, Austin and MG, starting production in the Pamplona Authi (Automóviles de Turismo Hispano Ingleses) factory in 1966,^{[44][45][46][47]} and evolving by 1972 into the Austin Victoria.

In Denmark the ADO16 bore the Morris Marina name. The MG models were sold as the MG Sports Sedan there, as it was in North America from 1962, and was available with a two-door bodyshell that was unavailable in the UK until 1968. The Vanden Plas Princess was briefly the MG Princess 1100 in North America, while that market also saw an unusual two-door Austin 1100 (with a hybrid of Mark I and Mark II components). In the Netherlands the Austin version was sold as the Austin Glider.

The Austin America was sold in the US, Canada and Switzerland between 1968 and 1972. This two-door version of the car featured a 60 bhp (45 kW) 1275 cc engine. Various modifications were made to suit the US market including an "anti-pollution air injection system", a split circuit braking system, rocker switches in place of some of the dashboard mounted knobs, a "hazard warning system" and flush door locks.^[48]

The ADO16 also formed the basis of the Australian Morris 1500 sedan (coded YDO15 ^[35]), Morris 1300 sedan (YDO15 ^[35]) and Morris Nomad five-door (YDO9 ^[35]), the Italian Innocenti Morris IM3 and Austin I4 and I5, the more powerful South African ^[49] Austin, Morris and Wolseley 11/55 ^[5] and Austin Apache and the Spanish Austin Victoria and the Austin de Luxe of 1974 to 1977, which had a 998 cc engine.

The Austin Apache was produced until 1977, the last of the ADO16 line.

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to BMC ADO16.

• http://www.ado16.info An international community for all BMC 1100/1300 marques
• BMC 1100/1300 development history
• http://www.the1100club.com/ Website of The 1100 Club, UK ADO16 club
• http://www.authi.net Website of Authi enthusiasts (in Spanish)