Aydınids

Principality of Aydin
Aydınoğulları
1308–1426
Flag
Beylik of Aydın's Map during its peak(1315-1375) highlighting:   Borders under Gazi Mehmed Bey   Borders after conquests under Umur Bey the Lion   Byzantine Empire territories   Other Western Anatolian Beyliks Black "X" showing Umur Bey's aids Red "X" showing Umur Bey's raids
Capital		Birgi, Selçuk
Languages		Turkish
Religion		Islam
Government		Emirate
History
•	Collapse of the Sultanate of Rum	1308
•	Annexation by the Ottoman Empire	1426
Preceded by Succeeded by Sultanate of Rum Ottoman Empire
Today part of		Turkey

Part of a series on the
History of Turkey
Prehistory Prehistory of Anatolia Palaeolithic Anatolia c. 500,000–  10,000 BC Mesolithic Anatolia c. 11,000–  9,000 BC Neolithic Anatolia c. 8,000–  5,500 BC
Bronze Age Troy 3000–700 BC Hattians 2500–2000 BC Akkadian Empire 2400–2150 BC Luwians 2300–1400 BC Assyria 1950–1750 BC Achaeans (Homer) 1700–1300 BC Kizzuwatna 1650–1450 BC Hittites 1680–1220 BC Arzawa 1500–1320 BC Mitanni 1500–1300 BC Hayasa-Azzi 1500–1290 BC Lycia 1450–350 BC Assuwa 1300–1250 BC Diauehi 1200–800 BC Neo-Hittites 1200–800 BC Phrygia 1200–700 BC Caria 1150–547 BC Tuwanuwa 1000–700 BC Ionia 1000–545 BC Urartu 859–595/585 BC
Iron Age Diauehi 1200–800 BC Neo-Hittites 1200–800 BC Phrygia 1200–700 BC Caria 1150–547 BC Doris 1100–560 BC Aeolis 1000–560 BC Tuwanuwa 1000–700 BC Ionia 1000–545 BC Urartu 859–595/585 BC Median Empire 678-549 BC Lydia 685–547 BC
Classical Age Classical Anatolia Classical Thrace Achaemenid Empire 559–331 BC Kingdom of Alexander the Great 334–301 BC Kingdom of Cappadocia 322-130 BC Antigonids 306–168 BC Seleucid Empire 305–64 BC Ptolemaic Kingdom 305–30 BC Kingdom of Pontus 302–64 BC Bithynia 297–74 BC Kingdom of Pergamon 282–129 BC Galatia 281–64 BC Parthian Empire 247 BC–224 AD Armenian Empire 190 BC–428 AD Roman Republic 133–27 BC Kingdom of Commagene 163 BC–72 AD Roman Empire 27 BC–330 AD Sassanian Empire 224–651 AD
Medieval Age Medieval Anatolia Byzantine Empire (330–1453) Rashidun Caliphate (637–656) Great Seljuk State (1037–1194) Danishmends (1071–1178) Anatolian beyliks (1081-1423) Sultanate of Rum (1077–1307) Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia (1078–1375) County of Edessa (1098–1150) Artuqids (1101–1409) Empire of Trebizond (1204–1461) Empire of Nicaea (1204–1261) Latin Empire (1204–1261) Ilkhanate (1256–1335) Kara Koyunlu (1375–1468) Ak Koyunlu (1378–1501)
Ottoman Era Periods of Ottoman Empire Rise (1299–1453) Classical Age (1453–1566) Transformation (1566–1703) Old Regime (1703–1789) Decline and modernization (1789–1908) Defeat and dissolution (1908–1922)
Republic of Turkey Periods of Turkey War of Independence (1919–1922) Provisional government (1920–1923) One-party period (1923–1930) (1930–1945) Multi-party period (1945–present)
By topic Ancient Anatolians Migration of Turks into Anatolia Constitutional history Economic history Military history Cultural history Timeline
Turkey portal

İsa Bey Mosque in Selçuk, built by the Aydinids in 1375

The Aydinids or Aydinid dynasty (Modern Turkish: Aydınoğulları, Aydınoğulları Beyliği), also known as the Principality of Aydin and Beylik of Aydin (Aydın Beyliği ), was one of the Anatolian beyliks and famous for its seaborne raiding.

Name

It is named after its founder Aydınoğlu Mehmed Bey.

Capital

Its capital was at first in Birgi, and later in Ayasoluk (present day Selçuk), was one of the frontier principalities established in the 14th century by Oghuz Turks after the decline of Sultanate of Rûm.

History

The Aydinids also held parts of the port of Smyrna (modern İzmir) all through their rule and all of the port city with intervals. Especially during the reign of Umur Bey, the sons of Aydın were a significant naval power of the time.^[1] The naval power of Aydin played a crucial role in the Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347, where Umur allied with John VI Kantakouzenos, but also provoked a Latin response in the form of the Smyrniote crusades, that captured Smyrna from the emirate.

The Beylik was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire for the first time in 1390, and after the passage of Tamerlane in Anatolia in 1402 and the ensuing period of troubles that lasted until 1425, its territories became again part of the Ottoman realm, this time definitively.

Architecture

The Beys of Aydin left important architectural works, principally in Birgi and Ayasoluk (Selçuk), their capital cities.

Legacy

The city of Aydın was named after the dynasty.

List of Rulers

1. Muharizalsîn Gazi Mehmed Bey (1308-1334)
2. Umur Bey (1334-1348)
3. Mehmedoğlu Hızır Bey (1348-1360)
4. Hızıroğlu İsa Bey (1360-1390)

• Ottoman rule (1390-1402)

1. İsaoğlu Musa Bey (1402-1403)
2. Musaoğlu II. Umur Bey (1403-1405)
3. İzmiroğlu Cüneyd Bey (1405-1426)

See also

• İsa Bey Mosque
• Anatolian beyliks
• Ottoman Empire
• List of Sunni Muslim dynasties
• Umur the Lion
• Cüneyt Bey of Aydın

References

Bibliography

• İnalcık, Halil (1993). "The Rise of the Turcoman Maritime Principalities in Anatolia, Byzantium, and the Crusades". The Middle East & the Balkans Under the Ottoman Empire: Essays on Economy & Society (PDF). Indiana University Turkish Studies Department. pp. 309–341. ISBN 1878318047. 
• Lemerle, Paul (1957). L'émirat d'Aydin, Byzance et l'Occident: Recherches sur la "Geste d'Umur Pacha". Bibliothèque byzantine: Etudes No. 2 (in French). Paris: Presses Universitaires de France. 
• Mélikoff, Irene (1986). "Aydi̊̊n-Og̲h̲lu". The Encyclopedia of Islam, New Edition, Volume I: A–B. Leiden and New York: BRILL. ISBN 90-04-08114-3. 
• Uzunçarşılı, İsmail Hakkı (1984). Anadolu Beylikleri ve Akkoyunlu, Karakoyunlu Devletleri (in Turkish). Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi. pp. 104–120. OCLC 563553149. 
• Zachariadou, Elisabeth A. (1983). Trade and crusade: Venetian Crete and the emirates of Menteshe and Aydin (1300-1415). Venice: Istituto Ellenico di Studi Bizantini e Post-bizantini di Venezia. OCLC 144691037. 

Coordinates: 38°05′21″N 27°44′16″E / 38.08917°N 27.73778°E / 38.08917; 27.73778