Axstane Hundred

Axstane

Map showing the parishes of the hundred of Axstane
History
 • Origin Anglo-Saxon period
 • Created 10th century
 • Abolished 1894
 • Succeeded by Dartford Rural District
Status obsolete
Government Hundred
Subdivisions
 • Type Parishes (see text)
 • Units Parishes

Axstane was a hundred in the county of Kent, England.[1] The Hundred of Axstane lay south-east of Dartford and Wilmington Hundred. It is called Achestan in Domesday Book,[2] but by the reign of Edward I it was called Axstane.

Its name has been interpreted as referring to an oak bearing stony land, or alternatively a reference to the personal name Acca.[3]

In the time of Edward I, the King and the Archbishop of Canterbury were then its lords paramount. In the 20th year of the reign of Edward III (1347, just before the Black Death) this hundred answered for a total of 14.725 knights' fees.

Alternative spellings: Achestan (as above), Axston, Axstone, Axtane, Axton[4]

The hundred included the parishes of

The Hundred of Dartford and Wilmington did not exist at the time of the Norman Conquest, and the parishes of Dartford and Wilmington were accounted as part of Axstane in Domesday Book.[5]

The importance of the hundred courts declined from the 17th century, and most of their powers were extinguished with the establishment of county courts in 1867. In 1894 the Hundred was succeeded by Dartford Rural District, which was then created out of the same parishes, with the addition of Wilmington and Crayford.[6]

Dartford Poor Law Union

Dartford Poor Law Union was formed on 19 May 1836, covering roughly the same area as the Hundred of Axstane. Its operation was overseen by an elected Board of Guardians, 24 in number, representing the following 21 constituent parishes (figures in brackets indicate numbers of Guardians if more than one): Ash, Bexley (2), Crayford (2), Darenth, Dartford (2), Eynsford, Erith, Farningham, Fawkham, Hartley, Horton Kirby, Kingsdown, Longfield, Lullingstone, Ridley, Southfleet, Stone, Sutton-at-Hone, Swanscombe, East Wickham, Wilmington.

The area was 34,139 acres (138 km2). Population in 1851: 9,869; Houses: 1,852.[4]

The population by parish was as follows:[7]

Parish Area
(acres) 		Pop.
1851 		Pop.
1891 		Comments [8]
Ash 3074 702 619 Merged into Ash-cum-Ridley 1.4.1955 [9]
Darenth 2223 654 2801
Eynsford 3544 1323 1841
Farningham 2739 701 879
Fawkham 1198 249 232
Hartley 1211 227 272
Horton Kirby 2841 747 1551
Kingsdown 2813 423 412 Renamed West Kingsdown 1.8.1948
Longfield 605 162 498
Lullingstone 1557 51 64 Abolished 1.4.1955.[10]
Ridley 834 91 86 Abolished 1.4.1955[11]
Southfleet 2409 657 968
Stone 3009 829 3773
Sutton at Hone 3625 1290 3847 Swanley parish created 1.4.1955[12]
Swanscombe 2141 1763 6577
TOTAL 33823 9869 24420

The Hundred of Axstane belonged to the Lathe of Sutton at Hone.

Notes

  1. ↑ "Axstane Hundred". Retrieved 2012-09-19.
  2. ↑ The Domesday Book: Kent (Publisher: Phillimore & Co Ltd, 1 Nov 1983)The original text and translation
  3. ↑ Dartford Country - The Story Of The Hundred Of Axstane by Geoff Porteus, 1985,ISBN 9780860232032 (page 13)
  4. 1 2 Hundred of Axton in John Marius Wilson's Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales,1870-72
  5. ↑ See The History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent: Volume 1, author:Edward Hasted, publ. 1797
  6. ↑ Dartford RD Kent through time | Local history overview for the Local Government District, Visionofbritain.org.uk.
  7. ↑ Victoria County History of Kent Vol 3, p. 367, publ.1932, ed William Page, ISBN 9780712906081
  8. ↑ See Dartford Registration District
  9. ↑ Incorporated in the parish of Ash cum Ridley and, to a minor extent, West Kingsdown
  10. ↑ Became part of the parish of Eynsford
  11. ↑ Became part of the parish of Ash cum Ridley
  12. ↑ Out of the parish of Sutton at Hone and minor parts of other parishes

Coordinates: 51°23′N 0°16′E / 51.383°N 0.267°E / 51.383; 0.267

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