Avon (New Zealand electorate)

Avon is a former New Zealand parliamentary electorate. It was created for the 1861 general election and existed until 1996. It was represented by 13 Members of Parliament and was held by Independents, Liberal Party or Labour Party representatives.

Population centres

The electorate was in Christchurch, New Zealand, named after the Avon River. For the 1887 by-election, polling booths were in Riccarton and Papanui.^[1] For the 1887 general election, polling booths were in Papanui, Bright's Road, Spreydon and New Brighton.^[2] For the 1890 election, polling booths were in Papanui, Richmond, Belfast, Ohoka and Clarkville.^[3]

History

The electorate was created in 1861, and existed continuously until 1996, when with MMP it was absorbed into the new Christchurch East electorate.

Alfred Richard Creyke stood in the 1861 general election (held on 1 February) in the Avon electorate for Parliament, whilst William Thomson stood in the same electorate for the Canterbury Provincial Council. Thomson proposed Creyke and vice versa; both were elected unopposed.^[4] Creyke thus became the first representative.^[5] Creyke resigned from Parliament on 21 April 1862.^[6]

Creyke was succeeded by William Thomson, who was elected in the 11 June 1862 by-election and took his oath on 30 July 1862.^[7] He retired on 27 January 1866.^[8] Thomson was succeeded by Crosbie Ward, who won the 1866 election. Ward resigned in the following year.^[9]

William Reeves won the resulting 1867 by-election by-election. He resigned in the following year.^[10] William Rolleston represented the electorate from the resulting 1868 by-election to 1884.^[11] In the 1879 general election, he was returned unopposed.^[12] Rolleston did not stand in the Avon electorate in the 1884 election, but (successfully) contested Geraldine instead.^[11]

Rolleston was succeeded by Leonard Harper in the Avon electorate.^[13] Harper resigned on 3 May 1887,^[13][14] and the resulting by-election was contested by Edwin Blake and William Dunlop, who received 255 and 252 votes, respectively.^[1] The 1887 general election was contested by Edwin Blake and E. G. Wright.^[15] Blake won the election by a good margin.^[2] In the 1890 election, Edwin Blake and George Gatonby Stead received 774 and 587 votes, respectively.^[3] At the end of the parliamentary term in 1893, Blake retired from politics.

William Tanner won the 1893 election. In the previous Parliament, he had represented the Heathcote electorate.^[16] Tanner was initially an independent, but joined the Liberal Party for the 1905 election. In the 1908 election, he was beaten by George Warren Russell in the second ballot (the voting system in place from 1908 until 1913).^[17] In the 1911 election, four candidates contested the electorate, with Russell representing the liberal Ward Government, James McCombs standing as an Independent Liberal, J. O. Jamieson as an opposition candidate and W. R. Smith representing labour interests. Russell and McCombs polled 3,040 and 2,817 votes, respectively, and proceeded to the second ballot.^[18] Russell won the second ballot with 3,854 to 3,583 votes.^[19] Russell was defeated in the 1919 election by Labour's Dan Sullivan.^[20] Sullivan was successful at the next eight subsequent elections. In the 1943 election, he was opposed by James Neil Clarke of the National Party, who a few years later became Deputy-Mayor of Christchurch.^[21] Sullivan died in office on 8 April 1947.^[20]

Sullivan's death caused the 1947 by-election by-election, which was won by John Mathison of the Labour Party.^[22] He was a cabinet minister from 1957 to 1960 in the Second Labour Government and retired from Parliament in 1972.^[23]

Mathison was succeeded by Mary Batchelor, who represented the electorate for five parliamentary terms.^[24] Batchelor in turn was succeeded by Larry Sutherland, who won the 1987 election. He served the electorate until its abolition in 1996. He successfully contested the replacement electorate of Christchurch East in the 1996 election.^[25]

Members of Parliament

Key

  Independent     Liberal-Labour     Liberal     Labour  

Election results

1947 by-election

1943 election

There were three candidates in 1943, with the election won by Dan Sullivan over James Neil Clarke.^[27]

1935 election

1931 election

1928 election

1925 election

1922 election

1919 election

1914 election

1911 election

1908 election

1899 election

1896 election

1893 election

1890 election

Notes

References

• Mansfield, F. W. (1909). The General Election, 1908. National Library. Retrieved 23 April 2015. 
• Norton, Clifford (1988). New Zealand parliamentary election results, 1946–1987. Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington Department of Political Science. ISBN 0-475-11200-8. 
• Scholefield, Guy (1950) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1949 (3rd ed.). Wellington: Govt. Printer. 
• Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.