Audi 80

Audi 80 and Audi 90

Audi 80 models (B1, B2, B3, B4)
Overview
Manufacturer Audi
Also called Audi Fox
Audi 5+5
Audi 4000
Audi Cabriolet
Production 1966-1996
Assembly Ingolstadt, Germany
Emden, Germany
Wolfsburg, Germany
Tokyo, Japan (AMA)
Body and chassis
Class Compact executive car (D)
Layout Longitudinal front-engine design, front-wheel-drive or quattro permanent four-wheel-drive
Platform Volkswagen Group B platform
Related Volkswagen Passat
Chronology
Predecessor Audi F103
Successor Audi A4/Audi A5

The Audi 80 is a compact executive car produced by the German manufacturer Audi (initially known as Auto Union and Audi NSU Auto Union) from 1966 to 1996. It shared its platform with the Volkswagen Passat from 1973 to 1986 and was available as a sedan, and an Avant (Audi's name for a station wagon). The coupé and convertible models were not badged as members of the range but shared the same platform and many parts.

In North America and Australia, the 80 was sold as the Audi Fox for model years 1973–79, and as the Audi 4000 for model years 1980–87 in the USA. The Audi 90 was an upmarket version of the Audi 80. The original Audi Cabriolet was badged thus, without a number, but was closely related to the 80/90.

There were several different internal combustion engine types, of which the petrol engines included the fuel-injected "E" (Einspritzung), and carburetor "S", and the diesel engines included "D" (Diesel), "TD" (TurboDiesel), or "TDI" (Turbocharged Direct Injection).

Naming convention

Under Audi's platform numbering convention, the 80 is classified as a member of the B-series or B platform family of vehicles, with the four generations of 80 being numbered as B1, B2, B3 and B4; its replacement – the Audi A4 – continues this sequence with platform numbers B5 thru to B9. Originally this numbering convention ran concurrently with that of the Volkswagen Passat, the first two generations of which were essentially badge engineered clones of the Audi 80. This link was severed in 1988 when the Passat moved to a non-related, transverse-engined, VW-specific platform for its 80-unrelated B3 and B4 versions. It was again based on the Audi A4 (B5 or "8D" platform) for its B5 generation, and returned to transverse once again for its B6 and up generations.

F103 (1966–1972)

The Audi F103 series, based on the DKW F102 but with an all-new range of four-stroke engines developed in conjunction with Daimler-Benz, was sold between 1965 and 1972. It comprised several models named for their horsepower ratings. From 1966 to 1969 this series included an Audi 80, and there were also Audi 60, 72, 75, and Super 90 models available over the years.

B1 (1972–1978)

Audi 80 B1 (80/82)

Audi 80 (B1) 2-door sedan
Overview
Also called Audi Fox
Production 1972–1978
1,103,766 built[1]
Body and chassis
Body style 2/4-door sedan
5-door wagon
Layout Front-engine, front-wheel-drive
Platform Volkswagen Group B1 platform
Powertrain
Engine
  • 1.3 L I4
  • 1.5 L I4
  • 1.6 L I4
Transmission 4-speed manual
3-speed automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase 2,470 mm (97.2 in)
Length 4,175 mm (164.4 in)
Width 1,600 mm (63.0 in)
Height 1,362 mm (53.6 in)
Chronology
Predecessor Audi 72
Successor Audi 80 (B2)
Audi 80 (B1) facelift
Audi 80 (B1) estate (facelift)

This model debuted in Europe in 1972 as the Audi 80, and in 1973 in Australia and North America (Canada and the USA) as the Audi Fox, and was available as either a two-door or a four-door saloon (sedan). It effectively took the place of several models that Audi had discontinued (the F103 series, which included the first model designated as an "Audi 80"), and provided the company with a viable rival to the Opel Ascona and the Ford Taunus (Ford Cortina in the UK), as well as more upmarket offerings including the Alfa Romeo Alfetta and Triumph Dolomite.

The Audi 80 B1 was only the second modern-era Audi product to be developed entirely under Volkswagen ownership - Audi chief engineer Ludwig Kraus had famously been disparaging about the outgoing F103 series, referring to it as the "bastard", owing to its Auto Union/DKW bodyshell and Mercedes-Benz engine. The B1 was a clean break from the Auto Union era, being equipped with.a range of brand new 1.3- and 1.5-litre SOHC inline-four petrol engines - the first appearance of the now legendary EA827 series of engines, whose descendants are still used in VW Group vehicles to the present day. The internal combustion engines were available in various rated power outputs. For the 1.3-litre engines, (identification code: ZA) was rated at 55 PS (40 kW; 54 bhp), code: ZF was rated at 60 PS (44 kW; 59 bhp). The 1.5-litre (codes: ZB, ZC) at 75 PS (55 kW; 74 bhp) for the ZB and 85 PS (63 kW; 84 bhp) for the ZC.

On the home market, two- and four- door saloons were available in base trim (55 or 60 PS, called simply Audi 80 and 80 S, respectively), as L models (LS with 75 PS engine) or as a more luxurious GL (85 PS only). In September 1973, Audi added the sporty 80 GT (two-door only) featuring a carburettor 1.6-litre engine (code: XX) rated at 100 PS (74 kW; 99 bhp).

The Audi 80 had a MacPherson strut front suspension, and a C-section beam rear axle located by trailing arms and a Panhard rod, and using coil springs and telescopic dampers.[2]

Audi's design and development efforts paid off during the 1973 European Car of the Year competition where the 80 won ahead of the Renault 5 and the Alfa Romeo Alfetta.

1977 Audi Fox, facelift version (USA)

A facelift in autumn 1976 brought about a revised front end in the style of the newly introduced Audi 100 C2 with square instead of round headlights, 1.6- instead of 1.5-litre engines (still of 75/85 PS) and a new 80 GTE model with a fuel-injected version of the 1.6-litre (110 PS (81 kW; 108 bhp)) replacing the former 80 GT.

In certain markets a five-door "Avant" (Audi's name for an estate/wagon) variant was offered — effectively a rebadged Volkswagen Passat with Audi front panels. This version appeared in the United States, South Africa, and several other markets.[3]

The Fox originally had a 1.5 litre engine rated at 55 hp (41 kW; 56 PS), attached to a four-speed manual transmission. Subsequent versions came with 1.6-litre engines rated at 83 hp (62 kW; 84 PS).[4] By 1978, ever more stringent emissions rules meant that this had dropped to 78 hp (58 kW; 79 PS). Four-speed manuals or three-speed automatics were on offer, in all three bodystyles.[5] Aside from the required larger bumpers, early models looked very similar to their European counterparts, while facelift versions (model year 1977) received a large black grille with double, round headlights, without the wraparound turn signals used elsewhere. There was also a sporting GTi package on offer in later years.[5] The B1 platform was dropped from the European market in 1978, although it was sold into the 1979 model year in North America.

B2 (1978–1986)

Audi 80 B2 (81)

1983 Audi 80 1.8 GL (European version with single headlamps)
Overview
Also called Audi 4000 (North America)
Audi 5+5 (Australia) [6]
Production 1980–1986
1,680,146 built[7][n 1]
80: 1,405,506
90: 105,593
Coupé: 169,047
Designer Giorgetto Giugiaro
Body and chassis
Body style 2/4-door sedan
Layout Front-engine, front-wheel-drive or quattro permanent four-wheel-drive
Platform Volkswagen Group B2 platform
Related Audi Coupé (B2)
Audi Quattro
Volkswagen Fox
Powertrain
Engine
Transmission
Dimensions
Wheelbase 2,540 mm (100.0 in)
Length
  • 4,383 mm (172.6 in)[8]
  • 4,488 mm (176.7 in) (1980 Audi 4000)[9]
Width 1,682 mm (66.2 in)[8]
Height 1,365 mm (53.7 in)[8]
Chronology
Predecessor Audi 80 (B1)
Successor Audi 80 (B3)

Audi presented a redesigned 80 based on the B2 platform (Typ 81) in September 1978 and deliveries of the four-door sedan began a few weeks later in Europe. Deliveries of the fuel injected GLE and two door bodied cars began early in 1979.[10] The redesigned car was first seen in North America in 1979 (as a 1980 model). Audi continued to use the 80 nameplate in Europe, but badged their Typ 81 as the Audi 4000 in North America. The body of the B2 Audi 80 was designed by Giorgetto Giugiaro. No Avant variant was available, as the Volkswagen Passat filled that role, as the B2 was intended to move the 80 upmarket from the mid-sized family segment to a compact executive model pitched to rival the BMW 3-Series. The B2 also acted in a de facto sense, as a replacement for the ill-fated NSU Ro 80 which ceased production the year before, since Audi dropped the NSU brand completely following that car's demise. The corresponding B2 version of the Passat appeared two years later, and although the two cars shared the same platform and running gear as before, the Passat had a much stronger visual identity distinct from its Audi 80 sister in comparison with the B1.

The 80 first became available with four-wheel drive in 1983. The model was essentially an Ur-Quattro without the turbocharger and with saloon bodywork.[11] The four-wheel drive 80, however, weighed more than a front-wheel drive Audi 100 CD with the same 2144 cc 136 PS (100 kW) engine, and with its worse aerodynamics it was slower than the larger, better equipped, and lower-priced 100.[11] Top speeds are 187 and 199 km/h (116 and 124 mph) respectively, with similar fuel economy advantages for the larger 100.[12] The 80 quattro received twin headlamps, a front spoiler with integrated foglights, and a body-coloured rubber spoiler on the rear. There was also a "quattro" script on the bootlid and a twin exhaust. The luggage compartment was marginally smaller (mostly in height), which meant only a temporary spare tire could be fitted.[13] The 80 quattro was a bargain compared to the Ur-Quattro, but less so in comparison with the two-wheel drive 80 GTE or the 100 CD, although they did not offer the impressive road holding that the quattros do.[13]

1983 Audi 80 1.8 GL (United Kingdom)

In Europe, the 80 was the standard model, while after a 1984 facelift the Audi 90 was launched as a larger-engined version of the 80; with more options, and, aside from the 70 PS (51 kW; 69 bhp), four-cylinder 1.6-litre turbodiesel (TD) engine which was also available for the 80, two five-cylinder in-line petrol engines — a 2.0-litre with 115 PS (85 kW; 113 bhp) and a 2.2-litre with 136 PS (100 kW; 134 bhp) which was later modified into a 2.3-litre. The 2.2-litre was available with a catalytic converter and power ratings of 115 PS (85 kW; 113 bhp) for front-drive and 120 PS (88 kW; 118 bhp) for quattro models. European models had two headlamp casings, while North American models generally had quad headlamps.

In 1983, the 80 Sport was introduced in the UK, based on the GTE. It came with quattro-style Ronal alloys, rubber rear spoiler, deep chin spoiler, striped charcoal Recaro interior, and optional body graphics including full-length "Audi Sport" stripes. A special commemorative-edition version, the Audi 4000CS quattro, was made for the 1985, 1986, and 1987 model years.

Mid-1984, for the 1985 model year, Audi gave the B2 a subtle facelift with tail lights resembling the ones of the Typ 44 Audi 100, and different front and rear bumpers and headlights and an updated interior. In Europe, engines with catalytic converter emissions controls were made available for the first time. The 1.6- and 1.8-litre engines were replaced by newer iterations of the same, enabling the fitment of catalytic converters.

The B2 platform proved to be both quite versatile and quite profitable; many components were shared to or borrowed from the Audi Coupé, Audi Quattro and Audi Sport Quattro, which in the process helped to cement the company into the public eye after their quattro permanent four-wheel-drive system proved useful in various forms of racing.[14]

The saloons were offered until late 1986 in Europe and 1987 abroad, and the B2-based Audi Coupé lasted through to 1988 (as an early 1989 model) before being changed. The Coupé shared many components, and its basic body shape, with the original Audi Quattro.

4000 (1980–1987) & 4000 5+5

The North American Audi 4000 was first introduced for the 1980 model year, with a 1588 cc inline-four with 76 hp (57 kW).[15] This engine came in for some criticism, being somewhat buzzy and underpowered for a car in this price segment. Audi did not offer an automatic transmission, as the engine could not quite cope.[16] A five-speed transmission was also not available until the 1981 model year.[15] For 1981, the 4000 received a long-stroke 1.7-litre engine and a standard five-speed manual (with a three-speed automatic still available). The new engine was a fifty-state version with a three-way catalyst, and power dropped to 74 hp (55 kW). Nonetheless, more torque and the new gearbox translated into better performance and improved gas mileage.[17]

The Audi 4000 5+5 was launched on to the American market in the 1981 model year. The 5+5 was essentially an 80 B2 two-door saloon with the 100 hp (101 PS; 75 kW) 2144 cc five-cylinder engine from the 5000 and a five-speed transmission, the precursor to what would become the Audi 90. Fitted with various sporty parts such as an oil pressure gauge, sports interior, and alloy wheels, it was accompanied on the American market by the 4000S. This is a more pedestrian yet well-equipped four-door version with the same engine, originally only coupled to a three-speed automatic.[16]

After a facelift it was sold in North America in 4000S (1.8-litre) and 4000CS quattro (2.2-litre) derivatives,[18] with the CS quattro being very similar to the European Audi 90 quattro. The Audi 4000 quattro debuted in 1984 and was sold in four colors, Black, Alpine White, Tornado Red, and optional Zermatt Silver metallic. It came standard with a five-speed manual transmission, brown velour interior, and automatic windows up front and manuals in the rear. The early Audi 4000's were very similar to the Audi 80 with the addition of US mandated crash safety bumpers and quad sealed beam headlights. The mounting for the safety bumpers intruded into the luggage compartment floor, making for a very irregularly shaped and less useful space.[15]

The S had a 1.8-litre inline-four cylinder engine that output 76 kW (103 PS; 102 bhp) at 5500 rpm. The CS quattro had a CIS-E fuel-injected 2.2-litre inline-five cylinder petrol engine (identification code: JT). It displaced 2226 cc, was constructed from a grey cast iron cylinder block, with an aluminium alloy cylinder head, and used a timing belt-driven single overhead camshaft (SOHC). The rated horsepower was 86 kW (117 PS; 115 bhp) at 5500 rpm, and the torque is 171 N·m (126 lbf·ft) at 3000 rpm. The only transmission available on the 4000CS was a five-speed close-ratio manual.

Audi 5+5 (Australia)

The Audi 5+5 name was used in the Australian market for a unique four door Audi 80 fitted with a 2144 cc five cylinder engine and a five speed manual gearbox.[6] An automatic option was also offered.[6] The 5+5 was marketed in Australia from October 1981 through to 1983.[19]

1981 Audi 4000: US-spec 2-door version, shown by the headlamp configuration and large bumpers 
1984 Audi 90 facelift 
Audi 4000CS (North America) 
B2-based 1980–84 Audi Coupé GT 

B3 (1986–1991)

Audi 80 B3 (89)
Audi Coupé B3 (35i)
Overview
Also called Audi 90
Production 1986–1991
1,623,382 built[7][20][n 1]
80: 1,438,475
90: 184,907
Designer J. Mays (1983)[21][22]
Body and chassis
Body style 4-door sedan
2-door coupé (Audi Coupé)
Layout Front-engine, front-wheel-drive or quattro permanent four-wheel-drive
Platform Volkswagen Group B3 platform
Powertrain
Engine
Transmission 5-speed manual
3-speed automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase 2,540 mm (100.0 in)
Length 4,404 mm (173.4 in)
Width 1,695 mm (66.7 in)
Height 1,397 mm (55.0 in)
Chronology
Predecessor Audi 80 (B2)
Successor Audi 80 (B4)

In September 1986, Audi released a new Typ 89 Audi 80 for the 1987 model year on the European market and introduced it elsewhere within a year. It was based on a new platform which broke the relationship between the 80 and the Volkswagen Passat, the corresponding third generation of which used the transverse-engined Volkswagen B3 platform, whilst Audi stuck with the longitudinal front wheel drive layout for the B3-series 80. Although often called the typ 89 even among knowledgeable Audi enthusiasts, the official and correct nomenclature was its production code Typ 89 from 1987 to 1989, and Typ 8A from 1990 onwards (in line with a restructuring of many VW platform designations). It introduced a new aerodynamic look and a fully galvanised bodyshell. This was the first mid-sized car to feature a fully zinc-coated body, giving it longevity and durability against corrosion perforation. This protective shield proved to be so effective that Audi extended its corrosion perforation warranty from the originally offered ten years to twelve years (during early pre-production, the body was expected to be good for only eight years). Audi still uses zinc galvanisation for all current steel-bodied models.

Unlike its predecessor, the type 89 was marketed worldwide only as the Audi 80 or Audi 90. For the most part, Audi transferred existing powertrain concepts to the new model, although fuel injection was now available for some engines. A range of new petrol and diesel inline four-cylinder engines became available to European customers along with the procon-ten safety system which became standard fitment from 1991.

A notable safety feature of the Audi 80 was a seatbelt restraint system which protected all the occupants, while the steering wheel collapsed into the dashboard to prevent the driver colliding with it. This innovation was a precursor to the airbag, which became popular on mass produced cars during the 1990s after being patented by Mercedes-Benz in 1982.[23]

In 1987, the inline five-cylinder Audi 90 was reintroduced as an upmarket, more luxurious variant of the 80. The 90 differs visually by the full width tail-light panel; headlights which featured additional high-beam lights and a slightly different front grille. The most obvious visual difference between the 80 and 90 are the indicators, which are moved from beside the headlights to the bumpers next to the fog lights, which were standard fitment on the 90. From 1989 to 1991 the 90 also offered the first 20-valve engine from Audi since the turbocharged engine used in the Audi Sport Quattro. This engine produced 170 PS (130 kW; 170 bhp) and featured in the front wheel drive 20V, 20V Sport and four-wheel drive 20V quattro derivatives. The non-quattro 20V models were 120 kg lighter.[24]

The United Kingdom and Europe had similar versions: the Volkswagen Group wanted to ensure consistency across all markets, so the trim levels were similar. However, in North America, the range was more limited: a choice of 2.3 E and 2.3 quattro were available from 1988 to 1992.

Altogether, the Audi 80 came with the following engine range, although not all of these were available outside Germany:

Model Displacement Power at rpm Torque at rpm Fuel supply Catalytic
converter 		Notes
Petrol engines
Audi 801399 cc65 PS (48 kW; 64 hp) @ 5,200110 N·m (81 lb·ft) @ 3,000CarburettorNoGreece only
Audi 801595 cc70 PS (51 kW; 69 hp) @ 5,200123 N·m (91 lb·ft) @ 2,700CarburettorNoAustria only
Audi 801595 cc70 PS (51 kW; 69 hp) @ 5,200118 N·m (87 lb·ft) @ 2,700CarburettorYesAustria only
Audi 801595 cc75 PS (55 kW; 74 hp) @ 5,200125 N·m (92 lb·ft) @ 2,700CarburettorNo
Audi 80 1.6E1595 cc102 PS (75 kW; 101 hp) @ 6,300135 N·m (100 lb·ft) @ 3,500MPFINoPortugal and Greece
Audi 801781 cc75 PS (55 kW; 74 hp) @ 4,500140 N·m (100 lb·ft) @ 2,500CarburettorNo
Audi 801781 cc75 PS (55 kW; 74 hp) @ 4,500140 N·m (100 lb·ft) @ 2,500CarburettorYes
Audi 80 1.8S1781 cc88 PS (65 kW; 87 hp) @ 5,200142 N·m (105 lb·ft) @ 3,300CarburettorYes
Audi 80 1.8S1781 cc90 PS (66 kW; 89 hp) @ 5,200150 N·m (110 lb·ft) @ 3,300CarburettorNo
Audi 80 1.8S1781 cc90 PS (66 kW; 89 hp) @ 5,400140 N·m (100 lb·ft) @ 3,350SPFIYes
Audi 80 1.8S1781 cc90 PS (66 kW; 89 hp) @ 5,400145 N·m (107 lb·ft) @ 3,350SPFIYes
Audi 80 1.8S1781 cc90 PS (66 kW; 89 hp) @ 5,500142 N·m (105 lb·ft) @ 3,250SPFIYes
Audi 80 1.8E1781 cc112 PS (82 kW; 110 hp) @ 5,800160 N·m (120 lb·ft) @ 3,400MPFINo
Audi 80 1.9E1847 cc113 PS (83 kW; 111 hp) @ 5,600160 N·m (120 lb·ft) @ 3,400MPFIYes
Audi 80 2.0E1984 cc112 PS (82 kW; 110 hp) @ 5,300168 N·m (124 lb·ft) @ 3,250MPFIYes
Audi 80 2.0E1984 cc113 PS (83 kW; 111 hp) @ 5,300170 N·m (130 lb·ft) @ 3,250MPFIYes
Audi 80 16V1984 cc137 PS (101 kW; 135 hp) @ 5,800181 N·m (133 lb·ft) @ 4,500MPFIYes
Diesel engines
Audi 80 Diesel1588 cc50 PS (37 kW; 49 hp) @ 4,80097 N·m (72 lb·ft) @ 2,700–3,200DieselNoAustria only
Audi 80 Diesel1588 cc54 PS (40 kW; 53 hp) @ 4,800100 N·m (74 lb·ft) @ 2,700–3,200DieselNo
Audi 80 Diesel1896 cc68 PS (50 kW; 67 hp) @ 4,400127 N·m (94 lb·ft) @ 2,200–2,600DieselNo
Audi 80 Turbodiesel1588 cc80 PS (59 kW; 79 hp) @ 4,500152 N·m (112 lb·ft) @ 2,300–2,800TurbodieselNo
Audi 80 Turbodiesel1588 cc80 PS (59 kW; 79 hp) @ 4,500155 N·m (114 lb·ft) @ 2,300–2,800TurbodieselNo

The Audi 90 came with the following 5-cylinder engines:

Model Displacement Power at rpm Torque at rpm Catalytic
converter 		Engine Code
2.0E1994 cc115 PS (85 kW; 113 hp) @ 5400 rpm172 N·m (127 lb·ft) @ 4000 rpmYesPS
2.0E 20V1994 cc160 PS (118 kW; 158 hp)190 N·m (140 lb·ft)YesNM (for Italy and Portugal only)
2.2E2226 cc136 PS (100 kW; 134 hp) @ 5700 rpm186 N·m (137 lb·ft) @ 3500 rpmNoKV
2.3E2309 cc134 PS (99 kW; 132 hp) @ 5700 rpm190 N·m (140 lb·ft) @ 4500 rpmYesNG
2.3E 20V2309 cc170 PS (125 kW; 168 hp) @ 6000 rpm220 N·m (160 lb·ft) @ 4500 rpmYes7A

With the 1988 model year, a new two-door Coupé was introduced in Europe, known internally as the Typ 8B; basically a typ 89 saloon with a shortened wheelbase, modified rear suspension and a new front suspension system that previewed what was to come in the B4 Audi 80. It came with the 115 PS (85 kW; 113 bhp) 2.0E as well as the 10-valve and 20-valve 2.3E engines. It later served as a basis for the B4 Coupé and Cabriolet (Typ 8G). These models dropped the "80" appendage and were simply known as Audi Coupé and Audi Cabriolet. Because of the heavy re-engineering involved in the cabriolet version, this model was essentially carried on until the year 2000, long after the other B3 models had been replaced by B4 and even B5 vehicles.

In 1989, for the 1990 model year, North America received the Coupé quattro and 90 quattro models that all were powered by a detuned 164 hp (122 kW; 166 PS) of the 20v 2.3-litre 5-cylinder engine. These cars were considered to be in the "Grand Tourismo" (GT) style of a comfortable luxury car with sporting tendencies, as opposed to a dedicated lightweight sports car. Weighing between 3,042 lb (1,380 kg) (1990 sedan model) to 3,308 lb (1,500 kg) (1991 Coupé model), these cars were not lightweight, especially in consideration of the 164 hp powerplant (slightly de-tuned from the European version). These models can be recognised by their distinctive roadwheels (Coupé quattros had 15" 6-star "Speedline" wheels, sedan quattros had 14" BBS Mesh wheel or the 15" Speedlines). They differed from regular 80/90 models in several ways. Notable differences include their standard leather interiors with Zebrano wood trim, additional VDO gauges mounted in the bottom of the centre console, a carbon fibre centre drive shaft, and push-button locking rear differential. The Coupé quattro is visually similar to the European-only S2 model, but does not have the S2's turbocharged engine.

The final typ 89 80s and 90s were sold as 1992 models in North America; in Europe, all typ 89s were discontinued at the end of the 1991 model year to give way to the B4 series; a few Audi 90 Sport Quattro with the 2.3-litre 20v engine are, however, known to have come off the assembly lines as late as early 1992.

B4 (1991–1996)

Audi 80 B4 (8C)
Overview
Production 1991–1996
1,090,690 built[25][n 1]
4-door: 908,255
Avant: 182,435
Body and chassis
Body style 4-door sedan
5-door wagon
2-door coupé
2-door convertible
Layout Front-engine, front-wheel-drive or quattro permanent four-wheel-drive
Platform Volkswagen Group B4 platform
Related Audi RS2 Avant
Powertrain
Engine 2.0 L I4 (petrol)
2.3 L I5 (petrol)
2.6 L/2.8 L V6 (petrol)
1.9 L I4 (diesel)
Transmission 5-speed manual
4-speed automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase 102.8 in (2,611 mm) (sedan)
100.6 in (2,555 mm) (coupé)
102.2 in (2,596 mm) (quattro)
Length 180.3 in (4,580 mm) (sedan)
176.0 in (4,470 mm) (coupé)
Width 66.7 in (1,694 mm) (sedan)
67.6 in (1,717 mm) (coupé)
Height 54.3 in (1,379 mm) (sedan, 1992–94)
54.7 in (1,389 mm) (quattro)
55.0 in (1,397 mm) (saloon, 1995–96)
54.3 in (1,379 mm) (coupé)
Chronology
Predecessor Audi 80 (B3)
Successor Audi A4 (B5)
Sedan
Avant
Cabriolet

The Audi 80 (B3) obtained a major facelift in the autumn of 1991, although the UK launch was not until early 1992. It was from then on known internally as the B4 (or Typ 8C). Changes from the B3 included a longer wheelbase, a fully redesigned fuel tank and rear axle to enable the use of folding seats, 15" roadwheels with more prominent wheel arches, redesigned and painted rear and front bumpers, as well as higher-quality materials for the interior, and a larger boot. The front grille was merged with the bonnet and given a bolder look.

The B4 also marked the beginning of Audi's move into the German luxury mid-sized vehicle segment, which until then was clearly dominated by Mercedes-Benz and BMW. On the European market, and in Germany in particular, the B4 and its variants were highly successful and popular.

In Europe, the 90 designation for five-cylinder models was dropped for this generation, and all saloons were badged as 80, regardless of which engine they had. Audi of America went the opposite direction, and began selling the saloon as the 90. B4s for the American market typically offered more luxury and style even in the standard version, such as automatic transmission, cruise control, air conditioning and leather seats, all of which were usually optional at additional cost (or standard) on European models.

Because the United States does not recognise the international ECE Regulations on auto safety components and constructions, but rather maintains its own Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards, the front of the B4 had to be specially redesigned for vehicles sold in North America. The front and bumper had to be designed to accommodate impact energy absorbers not required outside North America. Instead of the dual-reflector headlamps, a single-reflector design was used inboard of an amber combination turn signal, parking, and side marker lamp and reflector wrapping around the corner, and fog lamps smaller than the rest-of-world items were placed the corners of the bumper air duct.

European market cars were now available with a selection of inline four-cylinder engines, as well as the familiar in-line five, and two different new V6 engines (2.6-litre and 2.8-litre); the later 2.8-litre V6 was the only engine available for vehicles sold in North America. As another first, Audi introduced a new high-torque, direct-injection, turbocharged diesel engine, the 66 kilowatts (90 PS; 89 bhp) 1.9-litre TDI (Turbocharged Direct Injection). The standard 1.8-litre petrol engine of the B3 was discontinued; a two-litre, 66 kW (90 PS; 89 bhp), 4-cylinder petrol engine, a variation of the previously known 85 kW (116 PS; 114 bhp) 2.0 E engine, was now available for the base model.

Altogether, although some layouts were not available everywhere outside Germany, Audi offered the following engine range for the 80/90 B4:

Petrol engines:

Diesel engines:

All petrol versions could be ordered with quattro permanent four-wheel-drive; at the time, however, it could only be combined with a five-speed manual transmission. Additionally, Audi built about 2,500 units of the Quattro Competition for the German and European market. It was a street homologation of the B4-based Super Tourenwagen Cup (STW) race car saloon with four-wheel drive and a modified 140 PS, 16-valve, two-litre petrol engine. The powertrain had its roots in the two-litre, four-cylinder inline engines that most European Audi 80s were equipped with at the time. On the outside, the Quattro Competition featured the same bumpers as the S2, V6 headlights, and a rear wing mounted on the bootlid. Together with the S2 and the RS2 Avant, the Quattro Competition has become an increasingly rare and highly sought-after collector's item.

Together with the saloon, Audi produced a B4-based estate, the Audi 80 Avant, and a convertible, the Audi Cabriolet, which was largely based on the B3 Coupé. This meant that Audi now had saloon, coupé, cabriolet, and estate variants of the 80 available to European customers. For the North American market, however, Audi only sold coupés during the 1990 and 1991 model years, and the station wagon was never officially available. The Cabriolet was the company's first soft-top since the Auto Union 1000 Sp of 1959. Initially available with the 2.8-litre V6, and then 2.6-litre V6 were offered later. Heavily engineered to retain the structural strength of the Coupé (with which it shared sports suspension), its screen was reinforced to preclude the need for a roll bar.

As of the 1994 model year, a limited edition model, known as Europa, was introduced on the European market. It could be ordered both as a saloon and an Avant. It was factory-equipped with power mirrors, alloy wheels, rear seat headrests, an airbag steering wheel, and offered a choice between power sunroof or air conditioning. It came in five different special colours. For "regular" 1994 B4 saloons and Avants, standard features as well as options available were stepped up too, including an airbag steering wheel and redesigned door liners (standard), and passenger airbags and a built-in engine immobiliser (optional).

The 80-series was effectively replaced by the new Audi A4 in 1996, a variant of the 1998 (B5) Volkswagen Passat. By that time it was feeling very dated in comparison with more modern rivals like the BMW E36. Production ceased at a time when prestige European manufacturers were making the transition of older executive saloons to newer models based on newer platforms in the compact executive car market.

The B4 saloon was discontinued at the end of the 1994. The Avant (only built for left-hand drive markets and never sold in the UK) was axed in 1995, and the Coupé (with no immediate replacement) followed suit in 1996. The Cabriolet, however, continued until the end of 2001. For 1998, it underwent a few minor yet visible touch-ups in its European version, such as gently redesigned bumpers and instrument clusters, projection lens headlights and more options available. In addition to this facelift, a special edition was introduced for the European market under the name Sunline. Among other specs, it was equipped with all leather interior, air conditioning, 16-inch alloy wheels, a power soft-top and a leather steering wheel.

Both the Coupé and the Cabriolet were effectively replaced by the first-generation Audi TT coupé and roadster, sold between 1998 and 2006. The B4 platform saloon was replaced by the Audi A4 for the 1995 model year (1996 in North America), followed by a new A4 Avant later in 1996 - sold in right-hand drive for the UK market for the first time. A mid-sized convertible was not available again until 2002, when the A4 Cabriolet was introduced. Since 2007, Audi has produced Audi A5 - which is similar in concept to the old A4-based Coupe.

Audi S2

Audi S2 Coupé
Audi S2 Coupe

Audi developed a sports version of the Coupé in 1990, called the Audi S2. This replaced the famous Audi Quattro (launched in 1980) and featured the well-proven 2.2-litre in-line five-cylinder 20-valve turbo petrol engine from the Audi 200 20V, which was derived from the engine used in the Audi Quattro. A similar version of the engine was used in the Audi 100 based S4 (the 'Ur-S4'). The S2 came as standard with quattro permanent four-wheel drive, and featured a heavy-duty 5-speed manual transmission, and was capable of 150mph.

The S2 was initially available with a 2.2-litre turbocharged engine which produced 220 PS (162 kW; 217 bhp) (Engine code: 3B), coupled to a 5-speed transmission. In 1992, the engine received minor upgrades, including distributor-less ignition, which increased power output to 230 PS (169 kW; 227 bhp) (Engine code: ABY) which was coupled to a new 6-speed gearbox. Although the power increase was minimal, the engine now produced 350Nm of torque (up from 309Nm) and featured an overboost function that allowed up to 380Nm in short bursts. The 3B-engined car will accelerate from 0-100 km/h (62.1 mph) in 5.7seconds, continuing to a top speed of 246 km/h (152.9 mph). The ABY-engined coupe will accelerate from 0-100 km/h (62.1 mph) in 5.9 seconds, continuing to a top speed of 246 km/h (152.9 mph).

In 1993, the S2 received some cosmetic updates, including new AVUS style alloy wheels, elipsoid beam (projector) headlamps and clear front indicator lenses. This coincided with the introduction of the five-door S2 Avant, along with a limited run of four-door S2 sedan models, of which 306 were produced. The S2 saloon and Avant are actually based on the next generation B4 platform, and feature a lot of similarities in the rear axle support system to the later B5 A4 quattro. The B4 platform S2 Avant was also used between 1993 and 1995 as the basis for Audi's RS2 Avant super-sports estate, which was modified for Audi with assistance from Porsche.

Audi RS2 Avant

RS2 Logo

The Audi RS2 Avant is fitted with a similar 2.2-litre turbocharged engine to the S2, but producing 232 kW (315 PS; 311 bhp). Reaching 100 kilometres per hour (62.1 mph) in just 4.8 seconds, it has a top speed of 262 km/h (162.8 mph).

The Audi RS2 was generally only available as an Avant, although four 4-door saloon models were officially produced by the factory, including one for the chief of the RS2 development programme. The RS2 was at least partially assembled at Porsche's Rossle-Bau plant in Zuffenhausen. Prior to manufacturing the RS2, the Porsche Zuffenhausen assembly line was busy producing the high-performance W124 bodystyle Mercedes-Benz 500E. The RS2/Porsche link is further exemplified by the RS2's dual circuit Porsche braking system (wearing Brembo calipers with a Porsche name), 7.0Jx17" alloy wheels which were identical in design to the Porsche 911 Turbo wheels of that era, and side view mirrors are also borrowed from the Porsche 911 Turbo. Additionally, the word "PORSCHE" is inscribed in the RS2 factory emblems affixed to the tailgate and front grille, and on the engine's inlet manifold. Porsche modified the Avant S2 body optics, added more power, better brakes, bigger anti-roll bars to front and rear, fine tuned the interior – and a super-sports estate was born. Porsche's involvement in the project was on the strict understanding that a coupé model would not be produced, as this was felt to be too close to Porsche's own products.

Typ codes

Audi assigned its individual models "Typ" codes, in addition to the primary Volkswagen Group B platform codes:

See also

Works cited

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 Figures given for calendar years, some overlap with predecessor/successor models; actual figures therefore slightly lower.

References

  1. ↑ Oswald (2001), p. 274
  2. ↑ Paul Fernley, "Car of the Year: 1972", Classic and Sports Car (September 2005) p. 135
  3. ↑ Wright, Cedric, ed. (September 1978). "Audi 80 GLS, by Volkswagen". CAR (South Africa). Vol. 22 no. 8. Ramsay, Son & Parker (Pty) ltd. p. 58.
  4. ↑ Imports: Audi", Collector Car and Truck Market Guide, (VMR International, July 2001) p. 76
  5. 1 2 Road & Track's Road Test Annual & Buyer's Guide 1979, Greenwich, CT: CBS Publications, January–February 1979, p. 81
  6. 1 2 3 Paul Harrington, 5+5 aussie audi, Motor Manual, December 1981, page 36
  7. 1 2 Oswald (2001), p. 263
  8. 1 2 3 Scarlett, Michael (16 September 1978). "Audi 80 description: Bigger and better". Autocar. 149 (4271): 37–40.
  9. ↑ Hogg, Tony (ed.). "Six Family Sedans". Road & Track's Road Test Annual & Buyer's Guide 1981 (January–February 1981): 22.
  10. ↑ Oswald (2001), p. 282
  11. 1 2 Renaux, Jean-Jacques (1983-06-02). "Essai Détaille: Audi 80 quattro". Le Moniteur de l'Automobile (in French). Brussels, Belgium: Editions Auto-Magazine. 33 (770): 38–39.
  12. ↑ Renaux, p. 41
  13. 1 2 Renaux, p. 47
  14. ↑ Audi of America Press Site 25 Years of Audi Quattro 22 February 2005
  15. 1 2 3 Six Family Sedans, p. 18
  16. 1 2 Hogg, Tony (ed.). "1981 Buyer's Guide". Road & Track's Road Test Annual & Buyer's Guide 1981 (January–February 1981): 82.
  17. ↑ 1981 Buyer's Guide, p. 81
  18. ↑ "Audi World 4000 spec sheet". Audiworld.com. Retrieved 2011-09-04.
  19. ↑ The Red Book, October 1989, Automated Data Services Pty. Limited, page 24
  20. ↑ Kittler, Eberhard (2001), Deutsche Autos seit 1990 [German cars since 1990] (in German), 5, Stuttgart: Motorbuch Verlag, pp. 24–26, ISBN 3-613-02128-5
  21. ↑ http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/j-mays-to-succeed-jack-telnack-as-head-of-fords-global-design-team-75379342.html
  22. ↑ http://archive.cardesignnews.com/news/whoswhere/971001ford-jmays.html
  23. ↑
  24. ↑ Volkswagen Audi Car September 1989 Page 37
  25. ↑ Kittler, p. 24
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Type 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s
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Supermini 50 (86) 50 (300) A1
Small family car A3 A3 A3
S3 S3 S3
Compact luxury car F103 series 80 (82) 80 / 90 (85) 80 / 90 (89) 90 (8C) 90 (8D) A4 A4 A4
S-80 S4 S4 S4 S4
Mid-size luxury car 100 (F104/43/44/4A) / 200 (44) A6 A6 A6 A6
SC S6 S6 S6 (4F) S6 (4G)
Full-size luxury car V8 A8 A8 A8
S-V8 S8 S8
Sports car TT TT TT
Coupé 100 Coupé (82) Coupé (89) A5 A5
S5 S5
Full-size luxury fastback A7
S7
Muscle Car RS3 RS3
RS-80 RS4 RS4 RS4 RS4
RS6 RS6 RS6
TT RS TT RS
Kharmann Uria (Uria) S5 Muscle S5 Muscle
RS7
RS-Q3
Supercar R8
Crossover utility vehicle A4 allroad
A6 allroad A6 allroad A6 allroad
SUV Q2
Q3 Q5
Q7 Q7
Homologation road / rally car Y4 Y4 Y4
Audi, a marque of the Volkswagen Group, car timeline, North American market, 1980–present
Type 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s
0123456789 0123456789 0123456789 01234567
Compact car A3 (8P) A3 / S3 (8V)
4000 (81) 80 / 90 (89) 90 (8C) A4 (8D/8E/8H/8K) A4 (8W)
4000 CS quattro S4 (8D/8E/8H/8K)
Mid-size car 5000 (43) 5000 (44) 100 / 200 (44) 100 (4A) A6 (4A) A6 (4B) A6 (4F) A6 (4G)
Ur-S4 Ur-S6 S6 (4B) S6 (4F) S6 (4G)
A7 (4G)
S7 (4G)
Full-size car V8 (4C) A8 / S8 (4D) A8 / S8 (4E) A8 / S8 (4H)
Coupé Coupé (81) Coupe Quattro (89) A5 / S5 (8T)
TT Coupé (8N) TT Coupé (8J) TT Coupé (8S)
Roadster TT Roadster (8N) TT Roadster (8J) TT Roadster (8S)
Convertible Cabriolet (8G) A4 Cabriolet / S4 Cabriolet (8H) A5 / S5 (8F)
Sports car Quattro (Ur-Quattro) RS6 (4B) RS4 (8E/8H)
R8 (42) R8
Crossover allroad quattro (4Z) allroad (8K) A4 allroad (8W)
Compact SUV Q3 (8U)
Mid-size SUV Q5 (8R)
Full-size SUV Q7 (4L) Q7 (4M)
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