Atarot Airport

Jerusalem International Airport
נמל התעופה ירושלים
مطار القدس الدولي

Atarot Airport, 1969
Summary
Airport type Military (and formerly: joint Public)
Operator Israel Defense Forces
Location Jerusalem
Opened 1920 (1920)
Closed October 2000 (2000-10) (closed to civilian traffic)[1]
Elevation AMSL 2,485 ft / 757 m
Coordinates 31°51′53″N 35°13′09″E / 31.86472°N 35.21917°E / 31.86472; 35.21917Coordinates: 31°51′53″N 35°13′09″E / 31.86472°N 35.21917°E / 31.86472; 35.21917
Map
LLJR

Location of Atarot Airport

Runways
Direction Length Surface
ft m
12/30 6,447 1,965 Asphalt
Atarot Airport chart

Atarot Airport (Hebrew: נמל התעופה ירושלים‎‎, Arabic: مطار القدس الدولي‎‎) (IATA: JRS, ICAO: LLJR, OJJR), (also Kalandia Airport, Qalandia Airport, and Jerusalem Airport) is a small airport, currently not in use, located between Jerusalem and Ramallah. When it was opened in 1920 it was the first airport in the British Mandate for Palestine.

Royal Jordanian and Middle East Airlines were known to operate daily commercial flights to and from Atarot airport before 1967 under the Jordanian occupation.[2][3] After Israel occupied the West Bank after the Six-Day War in 1967, the airport fell under Israeli control. Arkia and Aeroflot operated daily commercial flights to and from the airport between 1967 and 2001,[4][5] when the airport was closed to the civilian traffic after the breakout of the Second Intifada in 2001.[6]

History

From 1920 until 1930, the airfield in Kalandia was the only airport in the British Mandate for Palestine. It was used by the British military authorities and prominent guests bound for Jerusalem.[7] In 1931, the Mandatory government expropriated land from the Jewish village of Atarot to expand the airfield, in the process demolishing homes and uprooting fruit orchards.[8] In 1936, the airport was opened for regular flights.[9] The village of Atarot was captured and destroyed by the Jordanian Arab Legion during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War.

From 1948 to the Six Day War in June 1967, the airport was under Jordanian control, designated OJJR. Following the Six Day War, the Jerusalem airport was incorporated into the Jerusalem city municipal area and was designated LLJR.

In the 1970s and early 1980s, Israel invested considerable resources in upgrading the airport and creating the infrastructure for a full-fledged international airport but the international aviation authorities bowed to Arab political pressure and would not allow international flights to land there. Thus the airport was only used for domestic flights and charter flights.

During the Second Intifada in 2000, the airport became a target for stone-throwing and the runways were littered by thousands of stones. In October 2000, the airport was closed to civilian air traffic and by July 2001 it was formally handed over to the Israel Defense Forces.[1]

In maps presented by Israel at the 2000 Camp David Summit, Atarot was included in the Israeli built-up area of Jerusalem.[9] This was rejected by the Palestinian delegation, which envisioned it as a national airport for the Palestinians. Yossi Beilin proposed that the airport be used jointly as part of an overall sharing of Jerusalem between Israel and Palestinian Authority, citing the successful model of Geneva International Airport, which is used by both Switzerland and France.

ICAO codes

The airport is sometimes shown with two different ICAO codes. The LL designator is used by ICAO for airports in Israel and OJ is the code for Jordan.

The airport appeared in the film World War Z as the main Israeli airport defended from a zombie epidemic.

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Atarot airport.

References

  1. 1 2 Blumenkrantz, Zohar (27 July 2001). "Jerusalem's Atarot Airport handed over to the IDF". Independent Media Review and Analysis Newsletter. Kokhaviv Publications. Archived from the original on 2001-12-22. Retrieved 2014-09-13. The Airports Authority and the Defense Ministry recently signed an agreement on the army's use of the Atarot airport in Jerusalem. The Israel Defense Forces effectively took over the airport for its own use after it was shut down for civilian air traffic shortly after the start of the Intifada last October [2000]...
  2. ↑
  3. ↑
  4. ↑
  5. ↑
  6. ↑ Derfner, Larry (2001-01-23). "An Intifada Casualty Named Atarot". The Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles. Retrieved 2007-11-07.
  7. ↑ An Empire in the Holy Land: Historical Geography of the British Administration of Palestine, 1917–1929 Gideon Biger, St. Martin's Press and Magnes Press, New York & Jerusalem, 1994, p. 152
  8. ↑ Oren-Nordheim, Michael; Kark, Ruth (2001). Jerusalem and Its Environs: Quarters, Neighborhoods, Villages, 1800–1948. Wayne State University Press. ISBN 0814329098.
  9. 1 2 Houk, Marian (Autumn 2008). "Atarot and the Fate of the Jerusalem Airport". The Applied Research Institute-Jerusalem. Institute of Jerusalem Studies. Retrieved 2014-09-13.
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