Asian Pacific American

Asian-Pacific American (APA) or Asian-Pacific Islander (API) is a term sometimes used in the United States to include both Asian Americans and Pacific Islands Americans.

Asian or Pacific Islander was an option to indicate race and ethnicity in the United States Censuses in the 1990 and 2000 Census as well as in several Census Bureau studies in between, including Current Population Surveys reports and updates between 1994 and 2002.[1] A 1997 Office of Management and Budget directive separated the "Asian or Pacific Islander" racial category into two categories: "Asian" and "Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander."[2]

The U.S. Department of Labor Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs defined Asian-Pacific Islander as "A person with origins in any of the original peoples of the Far East, Southeast Asia, South Asia, or the Pacific Islands. This area includes, for example, China, Japan, Korea, the Philippines and Samoa; and in South Asia, includes India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, and Bhutan."[3] A definition from Henry Ford Health System states that an Asian-Pacific American is "A U.S. citizen whose origins are from Japan, China, Taiwan, Korea, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, the Philippines, Samoa, Fiji, Guam, the U.S. Trust Territories of the Pacific or the Northern Marianas.[4]

The term is used in reference to Asian/Pacific American Heritage Week, the first ten days of May, established in 1978 by a joint resolution in United States Congress. The commemorative week was expanded to a month (Asian Pacific American Heritage Month) by Congress in 1992.[2]

The term is also used by several state boards and commissions, including in Washington,[5] Michigan,[6] Maryland,[7] and Connecticut.[8] The term is also used in the names of several non-profit groups, such as the A|P|A History Collective,[9] Center for Asian Pacific American Women,[10] Asian & Pacific Islander American Scholarship Fund,[11] and National Coalition for Asian Pacific American Community Development.[12] Asian Pacific Americans are listed as a group on the United States Army website.[13]

Historical Demographics

Asian and Pacific Islander % of Population by U.S. State (1860-2010)[14][15][16][17][a]
State/Territory1860187018801890190019101920193019401950196019701980199020002010
United States United States of America 0.1% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.5% 0.8% 1.5% 2.9% 3.7% 4.8%
Alabama Alabama 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.2% 0.5% 0.7% 1.1%
Alaska Alaska 7.1% 5.3% 3.8% 0.8% 0.8% 1.0% 0.8% 0.9% 2.0% 3.6% 4.5% 5.4%
Arizona Arizona 0.0% 0.2% 4.0% 1.3% 1.4% 0.8% 0.5% 0.6% 0.5% 0.4% 0.4% 0.5% 0.8% 1.5% 1.9% 2.8%
Arkansas Arkansas 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.3% 0.5% 0.9% 1.2%
California California 9.2% 8.8% 8.7% 6.1% 3.8% 3.4% 3.1% 3.0% 2.4% 1.7% 2.0% 2.8% 5.3% 9.6% 11.2% 13.0%
Colorado Colorado 0.0% 0.0% 0.3% 0.3% 0.1% 0.3% 0.3% 0.4% 0.3% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 1.0% 1.8% 2.3% 2.8%
Connecticut Connecticut 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.0% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% 0.6% 1.5% 2.4% 3.8%
Delaware Delaware 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.3% 0.7% 1.4% 2.1% 3.2%
Washington, D.C. District of Columbia 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.2% 0.1% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.4% 0.6% 0.7% 1.0% 1.8% 2.8% 3.5%
Florida Florida 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.2% 0.6% 1.2% 1.8% 2.4%
Georgia (U.S. state) Georgia 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.4% 1.2% 2.2% 3.2%
Hawaii Hawaii 80.9% 76.5% 78.4% 78.0% 73.3% 72.9% 65.3% 57.7% 60.5% 61.8% 51.0% 48.6%
Idaho Idaho 28.5% 10.4% 2.4% 2.3% 1.7% 0.7% 0.5% 0.4% 0.3% 0.4% 0.4% 0.5% 0.6% 0.9% 1.0% 1.2%
Illinois Illinois 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% 0.2% 0.4% 1.4% 2.5% 3.4% 4.6%
Indiana Indiana 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.4% 0.7% 1.0% 1.6%
Iowa Iowa 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.4% 0.9% 1.3% 1.7%
Kansas Kansas 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.2% 0.6% 1.3% 1.7% 2.4%
Kentucky Kentucky 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.3% 0.5% 0.7% 1.1%
Louisiana Louisiana 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.6% 1.0% 1.2% 1.5%
Maine Maine 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.3% 0.5% 0.7% 1.0%
Maryland Maryland 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.0% 0.1% 0.2% 0.5% 1.5% 2.9% 4.0% 5.5%
Massachusetts Massachusetts 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% 0.4% 0.9% 2.4% 3.8% 5.3%
Michigan Michigan 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% 0.6% 1.1% 1.8% 2.4%
Minnesota Minnesota 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% 0.7% 1.8% 2.9% 4.0%
Mississippi Mississippi 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.3% 0.5% 0.7% 0.9%
Missouri Missouri 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.2% 0.5% 0.8% 1.2% 1.6%
Montana Montana 9.5% 4.5% 1.8% 1.7% 0.6% 0.4% 0.3% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.3% 0.5% 0.6% 0.6%
Nebraska Nebraska 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% 0.4% 0.8% 1.3% 1.8%
Nevada Nevada 0.0% 7.3% 8.7% 6.0% 3.7% 2.3% 1.9% 1.3% 0.7% 0.5% 0.5% 0.7% 1.8% 3.2% 4.9% 7.2%
New Hampshire New Hampshire 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.2% 0.3% 0.8% 1.3% 2.2%
New Jersey New Jersey 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.3% 1.4% 3.5% 5.7% 8.3%
New Mexico New Mexico 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% 0.2% 0.5% 0.9% 1.2% 1.4%
New York (state) New York 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% 0.3% 0.7% 1.8% 3.9% 5.5% 7.3%
North Carolina North Carolina 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.4% 0.8% 1.4% 2.2%
North Dakota North Dakota 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.3% 0.5% 0.6% 1.0%
Ohio Ohio 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.2% 0.4% 0.8% 1.2% 1.7%
Oklahoma Oklahoma 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.6% 1.1% 1.5% 1.7%
Oregon Oregon 0.0% 3.7% 5.4% 3.0% 3.1% 1.6% 1.0% 0.9% 0.6% 0.4% 0.5% 0.7% 1.3% 2.4% 3.2% 3.7%
Pennsylvania Pennsylvania 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.2% 0.5% 1.2% 1.8% 2.7%
Rhode Island Rhode Island 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.4% 0.6% 1.8% 2.4% 2.9%
South Carolina South Carolina 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.4% 0.6% 0.9% 1.3%
South Dakota South Dakota 0.0% 0.0% 0.2% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.3% 0.4% 0.6% 0.9%
Tennessee Tennessee 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.3% 0.7% 1.0% 1.4%
Texas Texas 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% 0.8% 1.9% 2.8% 3.8%
Utah Utah 0.0% 0.5% 0.3% 0.4% 0.4% 0.7% 0.7% 0.8% 0.5% 0.7% 0.6% 0.6% 1.0% 1.9% 2.4% 2.0%
Vermont Vermont 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.3% 0.6% 0.9% 1.3%
Virginia Virginia 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.3% 1.2% 2.6% 3.8% 5.5%
Washington (state) Washington 0.0% 1.0% 4.2% 1.0% 1.8% 1.4% 1.5% 1.5% 1.1% 0.7% 1.0% 1.3% 2.5% 4.3% 5.9% 7.2%
West Virginia West Virginia 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.3% 0.4% 0.5% 0.7%
Wisconsin Wisconsin 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.2% 0.4% 1.1% 1.7% 2.3%
Wyoming Wyoming 1.6% 4.4% 0.7% 0.9% 1.3% 0.8% 0.5% 0.3% 0.2% 0.2% 0.3% 0.4% 0.6% 0.7% 0.8%
Puerto Rico Puerto Rico 0.2% 0.2%

a^ The data for 2000 is generated by adding the Asian and Pacific Islander populations from two different sources both by the U.S. Census Bureau.

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Annual Social and Economic (ASEC) Supplement to the Current Population Survey (CPS)," United States Census Bureau.
  2. 1 2 "Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month: May 2011," United States Census Bureau.
  3. ↑ "HR Self Service - Glossary of Terms." Princeton University.
  4. ↑ "Diversity Definitions." Henry Ford Health System.
  5. ↑ "Commission on Asian Pacific American Affairs," State of Washington.
  6. ↑ "Asian Pacific American Affairs Commission Archived June 27, 2011, at the Wayback Machine.," State of Michigan.
  7. ↑ "Governor's Commission on Asian Pacific American Affairs, State of Maryland.
  8. ↑ "Asian Pacific American Affairs Commission Archived July 7, 2011, at the Wayback Machine.," State of Connecticut.
  9. ↑ "Credits Archived July 19, 2011, at the Wayback Machine.," A|P|A History Collective.
  10. ↑ "Center for APA Women Archived September 4, 2011, at the Wayback Machine.."
  11. ↑ "Asian & Pacific Islander American Scholarship Fund."
  12. ↑ "National Coalition for Asian Pacific American Community Development Archived August 22, 2011, at the Wayback Machine..
  13. ↑ "Asian Pacific Americans in the U.S. Army." United States Army.
  14. ↑ "Historical Census Statistics on Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For The United States, Regions, Divisions, and States". Census.gov. Archived from the original on 2014-12-24. Retrieved 2013-01-10.
  15. ↑ http://www.census.gov/prod/2002pubs/c2kbr01-16.pdf
  16. ↑ http://www.census.gov/prod/2001pubs/c2kbr01-14.pdf
  17. ↑ http://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/briefs/c2010br-11.pdf
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