Artemare

Artemare
Commune

Artemare
Location within Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region Artemare
Coordinates: 45°52′31″N 5°41′37″E / 45.8753°N 5.6936°E / 45.8753; 5.6936Coordinates: 45°52′31″N 5°41′37″E / 45.8753°N 5.6936°E / 45.8753; 5.6936
Country	France
Region	Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
Department	Ain
Arrondissement	Belley
Canton	Hauteville-Lompnes
Intercommunality	Bugey Sud
Government
• Mayor (2001–2020)	Mireille Charmont-Munet
Area¹	3.75 km² (1.45 sq mi)
Population (2010)²	1,126
• Density	300/km² (780/sq mi)
Time zone	CET (UTC+1)
• Summer (DST)	CEST (UTC+2)
INSEE/Postal code	01022 /01510
Elevation	242–360 m (794–1,181 ft) (avg. 258 m or 846 ft)
¹ French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. ² Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once.

Artemare is a commune in the Ain department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of eastern France.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Artemariens or Artemariennes^[1]

Geography

A train passing through Artemare to Lyon

Artemare is a commune in Valromey 16 km north of Belley and 8 km north-west of Culoz and the Rhône. Artemare is exposed to the south between two chains of the Jura Mountains: the Planachat in the west and the Colombier culminating in Grand-Colombier (1538 m) to the east.

This village is between Lower-Bugey and Upper-Bugey not far from Savoie and Isère.

The commune can be accessed from several roads: the D69D from Champdossin-Massignieu in the west, the D31L from Pont in the north, and the D904 from Ameyzieu in the east which continues south from the village to Virieu-le-Grand. The main railway line from Modane to Lyon passes through the south of the commune from west to east. Apart from the village, which has quite a large urban area, and the hamlet of Cerveyrieu, the rest of the commune is mixed farmland and forest.^[2]

Artemare is watered by a network of four rivers:

the River Yon, enclosed in a canal through the village and used to work sawmills and to feed trout ponds. It flows into the Séran which is a tributary of the Rhone which it joins near Culoz
the Séran traverses the hamlet of Cerveyrieu which gives its name to a beautiful waterfall about fifty metres high
the Arvière (locally called the Groin) forms a confluence with the Seran.
the Ruisseau de l'Eau Morte (Dead Water)

The Groin and the Séran cut deeply into the limestone terrain. The Groin rises in the commune of Vieu from a spectacular intermittent source before forming a deep canyon visible from Devil's Bridge in Vieu. The Séran rises upstream of the Cerveyrieu waterfall from beautiful Giant's kettles where water swirls around - but only when the Seran is not dry.

Neighbouring communes and villages

Belmont-Luthezieu

Chongnes

Chavornay

Champdossin-Massignieu

Ameyzieu

Artemare

Virieu-le-Grand

Saint-Martin-de-Bavel

Marlieu

History

According to Louis Berthelon,^[3] Artemare was first "a small group of dwellings located above a hill called Molard" and it was this "wonderful location overlooking the vast marshes extending from Bourget to Cerveyrieu earning it its name of Altemare meaning "Upper Sea" ", later becoming Artemare. Local tradition has it that Saint Martin evangelized the region which had until then indulged in pagan cults. The church of Artemare is dedicated to him and he also gave his name to a neighbouring village - Saint-Martin-de-Bavel.

The Gallic and Roman periods were the origin of many current placenames, especially those ending in -ieu which comes from the suffix -acum of Gallic origin. For example, Talissieu comes from the anthroponym Talussus and the word for son Donnus gives Don etc. Invading armies, particularly by the saracens, who occupied the plateau of Fierloz are not only the origin of the name of the locality "under the Carraz" but, according to Louis Berthelon, became part of the population. Struck by the plagues of the Middle Ages and after having been a direct domain of the Counts and Dukes of Savoy, Valromey was occupied from 1536 to 1559 by François I then Henry II and, from 1595 to 1601, by Henry IV. It became permanently French by the Treaty of Lyon on 17 January 1601 along with Bresse, Bugey and the Gex country well before neighbouring Savoy which was linked to France by Napoleon III in 1860.

In 1612 the writer Honoré d'Urfé inherited from his mother (who was born Renée de Savoie) the first title of Marquis of Valromey (Verromey in local dialect). This name appears in the text under the names:

Verrumensi (1110)
Veromensi (1142)
Verrometum (1169)

The name probably derives from Venetonimagus or the older Vernemetonimagos meaning "Market of the Grand Shrine"(?). The etymology of Vallis Romana meaning "Roman valley" was the invention of Latin scholars.

Cerveyrieu, Yon, Artemare, and Ameyzieu parish included Artemare until the French Revolution. They were still small villages until the dissolution of the commune of Ameyzieu in 1862 (now the commune of Talissieu) and the formation of the Yon-Artemare. From 1 January 1886 the commune took the name of Artemare only.

The commune or, more precisely at the time, the parishes of Yon and Cerveyrieu was known for its manufacture of flat-bottomed boats which could reach the port of Culoz on the Rhône via the Séran particularly for the timber trade. A "Tramway of Bugey" (steam train) operated between Virieu-le-Grand and Ruffieu via the "Incline of Artemare" from 1898 to 1933. On 29 December 1923 there was an accident at La Faverge (Champagne-en-Valromey) causing the death of a mechanic and driver.

As recalled by the war memorials of the town, many residents of Artemare died during the two world wars. During the Second World War a Kommandantur was resident at the Hotel Berrard (now Michallet). The maquis of Upper Valromey was close and during the German occupation they attacked a Chantier de Jeunesse camp to procure equipment. A monument on the side of the road through the Lèbe mountain pass near Bioléaz with twenty headstones or plaques on places where Resistance fighters had been detained or killed testifies to the commitment of the people of Artemare and its surrounding area to the Resistance. After the Liberation, a German POW camp was installed above the village (currently a plastics factory).

Administration

List of Mayors of Artemare^[4]

From	To	Name	Party	Position
1995	2001	André Gonguet
2001	2020	Mireille Charmont-Munet

(Not all data is known)

Demography

In 2010 the commune had 1,126 inhabitants. The evolution of the number of inhabitants is known through the population censuses conducted in the town since 1793. From the 21st century, a census of municipalities with fewer than 10,000 inhabitants is held every five years, unlike larger towns that have a sample survey every year.^{[Note 1]}

Population change (See database)

1793	1800	1806	1821	1831	1836	1841	1846	1851
239	267	286	319	319	493	421	429	437

1856	1861	1866	1872	1876	1881	1886	1891	1896
423	445	780	822	806	873	845	963	1,085

1901	1906	1911	1921	1926	1931	1936	1946	1954
960	934	1,013	981	906	956	909	738	787

1962	1968	1975	1982	1990	1999	2006	2007	2008
743	838	810	914	961	970	1,074	1,081	1,097

2009	2010	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
1,112	1,126	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

Sources : Ldh/EHESS/Cassini until 1962, INSEE database from 1968 (population without double counting and municipal population from 2006)

Economy

The town has many shops and stores.

Sites and monuments

The Waterfall in Autumn

Cerveyrieu Waterfall

Cerveyrieu Waterfall in 1929

The Clos Lambert (Lambert Enclosure), once a stronghold of the Knights of Seyssel, replaced by a renaissance house in the second half of the 16th century. Today it is an ESAT (Establishment and Aid services through Work). The roof, basement, a small house of the 16th century, and a beautiful mullioned window escaped the vicissitudes of history
The Cascade of Cerveyrieu is very spectacular during floods on the Seran river
The Cuve à Balthazar (Pit at Balthazar), a beautiful abyss at Groin between Don and Artemare. The micro-power plant built just below the pit decreases the flow for part of the year because of the water intake upstream
The Castle of Mâchuraz in the commune of Vieu (16th century, restored in the 19th century), its round tower dominates the entrance to the village of Artemare when arriving from the west. The vineyard developed by the Abbey of Saint-Sulpice provided renowned wines of Bugey
At Cerveyrieu is a 16th-century house under renovation for several years in the internal courtyard and the hexagonal tower, the rest being in poor condition and abandoned. The polygonal tower still bears the date 1572;
A restored Oven and Lavoir (Public laundry).
The Vierge of Fierloz (pronounced "Fiarle") is a beautiful karst formation on which there are traces of saracen camps.^[5]

Notable people linked to the commune

Adolphe Appian (1818-1898), a painter of the Lyon School who spent many summers at Artemare and painted many sites of Valromey. Some of his paintings are exhibited in the museum of the Monastery of Brou.

Events

On 10 September 2009 President Nicolas Sarkozy visited the commune when he formalized the establishment from 1 January 2010 of the carbon tax advocated by the report of Michel Rocard.

Notes and references

Notes

↑ At the beginning of the 21st century, the methods of identification have been modified by law No. 2002-276 of 27 February 2002 Archived 2016-03-06 at the Wayback Machine., the so-called "law of local democracy" and in particular Title V "census operations" which allow, after a transitional period running from 2004 to 2008, the annual publication of the legal population of the different French administrative districts. For municipalities with a population greater than 10,000 inhabitants, a sample survey is conducted annually, the entire territory of these municipalities is taken into account at the end of the period of five years. The first "legal population" after 1999 under this new law came into force on 1 January 2009 and was based on the census of 2006.

References

↑ Inhabitants of Ain (in French)
↑ Google Maps
↑ Monograph on the History of Artemare, by Louis Berthelon. Louis Berthelon was a pharmacist by profession but also a historian deeply committed to the village. He recounted in his 1948 book Artemare in ancient times, the religious, political and administrative history of the locality since prehistoric times.
↑ List of Mayors of France (in French)
↑ Monograph on the History of Artemare, by Louis Berthelon. (in French)

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Communes of the Ain department

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