Ardennes Cross

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The Ardennes Cross is a wooden processional cross from the Carolingian period, said to originate in a monastery in the Luxembourg Ardennes. Since 1894 it has been in the Germanisches Nationalmuseum in Nuremberg (inventory number 763 kg).

Probably made between 825 and 850 in northern France by an unknown craftsman, it is 73 cm high, studded with gold and set with gems and coloured glass. It is one of the few surviving examples of a crux gemmata from the Carolingian period. These crosses were used in Christian liturgy between the 5th and 12th centuries, placed on the altar but without a figure of Christ. Their symbolic meaning and the impression given from a distance was more important than the cross' value and so (as here) coloured glass was also used alongside gemstones.

Bibliography

Ernst Günther Grimme: Goldschmiedekunst im Mittelalter. Form und Bedeutung des Reliquiars von 800 bis 1500. M. DuMont Schauberg, Köln 1972, ISBN 978-3-7701-0669-1, S. 21.
Rainer Kahsnitz: Die Kunst der mittelalterlichen Kirchenschätze und das bürgerliche Kunsthandwerk des späten Mittelalters. In: Bernward Deneke und Rainer Kahsnitz (ed.): Das Germanische Nationalmuseum. Nürnberg 1852–1977. Beiträge zu seiner Geschichte. München & Berlin 1978, S. 690–760
Rainer Kahsnitz: Das Ardennenkreuz. Eine crux gemmata aus karolingischer Zeit. In: Rudolf Pörtner (ed.): Das Schatzhaus der deutschen Geschichte. Das Germanische Nationalmuseum Nürnberg. München 1982, S. 151–175.

External links

Catalogue entry

Crux gemmata
Form of cross typical of Early Christian and Early Medieval art, where the cross, or at least its front side, is principally decorated with jewels.
6th-9th century	Cross of Justin II Cross of the Angels Cross of Agilulf Cross of Gisulf Cross of Desiderius Treasure of Guarrazar Ardennes Cross
10th century	Victory Cross Cross of Otto and Mathilde Cross of Lothair Cross of Peñalba
11th century	Cross of Mathilde Essen cross with large enamels Imperial Cross Cross of Theophanu Cross of San Salvador de Fuentes Cross of Stift Enger
12th century	Cross of Cong Cross of Adelheid Cross of Chersonesus

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