Arabic (Unicode block)
| Arabic | |
|---|---|
| Range |
U+0600..U+06FF (256 code points) |
| Plane | BMP |
| Scripts |
Arabic (237 char.) Common (6 char.) Inherited (12 char.) |
| Major alphabets |
Arabic Pashto Persian Urdu |
| Assigned | 255 code points |
| Unused |
1 reserved code points 1 deprecated |
| Source standards | ISO 8859-6 |
| Unicode version history | |
| 1.0.0 | 169 (+169) |
| 1.1 | 194 (+25) |
| 3.0 | 206 (+12) |
| 3.2 | 208 (+2) |
| 4.0 | 227 (+19) |
| 4.1 | 235 (+8) |
| 5.1 | 250 (+15) |
| 6.0 | 252 (+2) |
| 6.1 | 253 (+1) |
| 6.3 | 254 (+1) |
| 7.0 | 255 (+1) |
Arabic is a Unicode block, containing the standard letters and the most common diacritics of the Arabic script, and the Arabic-Indic digits.[3]
Block
| Arabic[1][2][3] Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF) | ||||||||||||||||
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | |
| U+060x | | | | | | | ؆ | ؇ | ؈ | ؉ | ؊ | ؋ | ، | ؍ | ؎ | ؏ |
| U+061x | ؐ | ؑ | ؒ | ؓ | ؔ | ؕ | ؖ | ؗ | ؘ | ؙ | ؚ | ؛ | ALM | ؞ | ؟ | |
| U+062x | ؠ | ء | آ | أ | ؤ | إ | ئ | ا | ب | ة | ت | ث | ج | ح | خ | د |
| U+063x | ذ | ر | ز | س | ش | ص | ض | ط | ظ | ع | غ | ػ | ؼ | ؽ | ؾ | ؿ |
| U+064x | ـ | ف | ق | ك | ل | م | ن | ه | و | ى | ي | ً | ٌ | ٍ | َ | ُ |
| U+065x | ِ | ّ | ْ | ٓ | ٔ | ٕ | ٖ | ٗ | ٘ | ٙ | ٚ | ٛ | ٜ | ٝ | ٞ | ٟ |
| U+066x | ٠ | ١ | ٢ | ٣ | ٤ | ٥ | ٦ | ٧ | ٨ | ٩ | ٪ | ٫ | ٬ | ٭ | ٮ | ٯ |
| U+067x | ٰ | ٱ | ٲ | ٳ | ٴ | ٵ | ٶ | ٷ | ٸ | ٹ | ٺ | ٻ | ټ | ٽ | پ | ٿ |
| U+068x | ڀ | ځ | ڂ | ڃ | ڄ | څ | چ | ڇ | ڈ | ډ | ڊ | ڋ | ڌ | ڍ | ڎ | ڏ |
| U+069x | ڐ | ڑ | ڒ | ړ | ڔ | ڕ | ږ | ڗ | ژ | ڙ | ښ | ڛ | ڜ | ڝ | ڞ | ڟ |
| U+06Ax | ڠ | ڡ | ڢ | ڣ | ڤ | ڥ | ڦ | ڧ | ڨ | ک | ڪ | ګ | ڬ | ڭ | ڮ | گ |
| U+06Bx | ڰ | ڱ | ڲ | ڳ | ڴ | ڵ | ڶ | ڷ | ڸ | ڹ | ں | ڻ | ڼ | ڽ | ھ | ڿ |
| U+06Cx | ۀ | ہ | ۂ | ۃ | ۄ | ۅ | ۆ | ۇ | ۈ | ۉ | ۊ | ۋ | ی | ۍ | ێ | ۏ |
| U+06Dx | ې | ۑ | ے | ۓ | ۔ | ە | ۖ | ۗ | ۘ | ۙ | ۚ | ۛ | ۜ | | ۞ | ۟ |
| U+06Ex | ۠ | ۡ | ۢ | ۣ | ۤ | ۥ | ۦ | ۧ | ۨ | ۩ | ۪ | ۫ | ۬ | ۭ | ۮ | ۯ |
| U+06Fx | ۰ | ۱ | ۲ | ۳ | ۴ | ۵ | ۶ | ۷ | ۸ | ۹ | ۺ | ۻ | ۼ | ۽ | ۾ | ۿ |
| Notes | ||||||||||||||||
History
The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Arabic block:
| Version | Final code points[lower-alpha 1] | Count | L2 ID | WG2 ID | Document |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.0.0 | U+060C, 061B, 061F, 0621..063A, 0640..0652, 0660..066C, 0670..06B7, 06BA..06BE, 06C0..06CE, 06D0..06D5, 06F0..06F9 | 169 | (to be determined) | ||
| L2/01-270 | Hosken, Martin (2001-06-19), How U+06D5 works in Uighur, Some technical information collected | ||||
| L2/04-290 | Karlsson, Kent (2004-07-16), Updating the Arabic Shaping normative data | ||||
| L2/04-419 | Davis, Mark (2004-11-18), ArabicShaping suggestion e-mail | ||||
| L2/09-146 | Pournader, Roozbeh (2009-04-15), Moving dots and Arabic script shaping: Farsi Yeh's and Jawi Nya | ||||
| L2/10-045 | Allawi, Adil (2010-01-27), Proposal for changes to ArabicShaping.txt to allow machine generation of Arabic fonts and glyphs | ||||
| L2/10-168 | Mansour, Kamal (2010-05-04), Problems with the joining behavior of Arabic Letter Yeh Barree (U+06D2) | ||||
| L2/10-108 | Moore, Lisa (2010-05-19), "B.13.2", UTC #123 / L2 #220 Minutes | ||||
| L2/11-092 | Pournader, Roozbeh (2011-03-08), Changes to schematic names of Arabic letters | ||||
| L2/11-206 | N4066 | Proposing to Supplement with the Script and Character of Chaghatay Language, 2011-04-25 | |||
| N4067 | Proposal to Encode Special Scripts and Characters in UCS for Uighur language, 2011-05-15 | ||||
| L2/11-245 | N4113 | Aalto, Tero (2011-06-08), Ad hoc report on Uighur | |||
| L2/12-063 | N4218 | Proposal to add a Named UCS Sequence Identifier UYGHUR LETTERS, 2012-02-02 | |||
| L2/12-101 | N4231 | Pournader, Roozbeh; Anderson, Deborah (2012-02-09), Comments on N4218 Proposal to add a Named UCS Sequence Identifier UYGHUR LETTERS | |||
| L2/12-098 | N4254 | "RESOLUTION M59.05 (Named USIs for characters for Uyghur and Chaghatay)", WG2 Resolutions, 2012-02-17 | |||
| L2/12-381 | Pournader, Roozbeh (2012-11-03), Initial and medial forms of Arabic Letter Noon Ghunna | ||||
| L2/12-343R2 | Moore, Lisa (2012-12-04), "B.1.1.5", UTC #133 Minutes | ||||
| L2/13-119 | Pournader, Roozbeh (2013-05-08), Dot positioning of U+06A3 Arabic Letter Feh with Dot Below | ||||
| N4463 | Silamu, Wushour; Anderson, Deborah; Constable, Peter (2013-06-28), User Guidelines for Uyghur, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, and Chagatai | ||||
| L2/13-226 | Milo, Thomas (2013-11-26), Arabic Amphibious Characters | ||||
| L2/14-109 | Milo, Thomas (2014-05-01), Koranic and Classic orthography in Unicode and computer typography | ||||
| L2/14-136 | Pournader, Roozbeh (2014-05-08), The right hehs for Arabic script orthographies of Sorani Kurdish and Uighur | ||||
| 1.1 | U+066D, 06D6..06ED | 25 | (to be determined) | ||
| L2/01-428 | Kew, Jonathan (2001-11-01), Request for clarification regarding U+06DD ARABIC END OF AYAH and other Arabic enclosing marks | ||||
| L2/03-112 | Pournader, Roozbeh (2003-03-05), New Arabic controls and Arabic joining | ||||
| L2/05-150 | Freytag, Asmus (2005-05-05), Arabic errata | ||||
| L2/05-151 | Milo, Thomas (2005-05-12), Annotations to the printing of the 1924 Azhar Qur'an | ||||
| L2/05-203 | McGowan, Rick (2005-08-04), Public Review Issue #73: Representative Glyphs for Arabic Characters U+06DF, U+06E0, and U+06E1 | ||||
| L2/05-231 | Mansour, Kamal (2005-08-11), Regarding the proposed changes for the representative glyphs for 06DF, 06E0, and 06E1 | ||||
| L2/06-324R2 | Moore, Lisa (2006-11-29), "B.14.2", UTC #109 Minutes | ||||
| L2/09-358R | Pournader, Roozbeh (2009-10-28), Discussion document for polishing Koranic support in Unicode | ||||
| L2/10-209 | Pournader, Roozbeh (2010-06-07), Public Review Issue #171: Changing the properties of U+06DE from a combining mark to a spacing symbol | ||||
| 3.0 | U+0653..0655, 06B8..06B9, 06BF, 06CF, 06FA..06FE | 12 | (to be determined) | ||
| 3.2 | U+066E..066F | 2 | L2/00-354 | Davis, Mark; Mansour, Kamal (2000-10-12), Proposal For Addition To Arabic repertoire | |
| L2/01-150 | N2357 | Proposal to encode two Arabic characters to the UCS, 2001-04-04 | |||
| 4.0 | U+0600..0602, 060D..060E, 0610..0614, 0656..0658 | 13 | L2/00-135 | Nelson, Paul; Farhan, Ashhar; Hisam, Arif; Hisam, Kashif; Clews, John (2000-04-07), Proposal to Add Urdu Epethit and Abbreviation Diacritics to the Arabic Block | |
| L2/01-303 | Vikas, Om (2001-07-26), Letter from the Government from India on "Draft for Unicode Standard for Indian Scripts" | ||||
| L2/01-304 | Feedback on Unicode Standard 3.0, 2001-08-02 | ||||
| L2/01-305 | McGowan, Rick (2001-08-08), Draft UTC Response to L2/01-304, "Feedback on Unicode Standard 3.0" | ||||
| L2/01-425 | N2483 | Kew, Jonathan (2001-11-01), Proposal to add Arabic-script honorifics and other marks | |||
| L2/01-426 | Kew, Jonathan (2001-11-01), Proposal to add Arabic-script honorifics and other marks, Appendix: Examples of usage | ||||
| L2/01-428 | Kew, Jonathan (2001-11-01), Request for clarification regarding U+06DD ARABIC END OF AYAH and other Arabic enclosing marks | ||||
| L2/01-439 | Milo, Tom (2001-11-02), Arabic Year-sign examples | ||||
| L2/01-430R | McGowan, Rick (2001-11-20), UTC Response to L2/01-304, “Feedback on Unicode Standard 3.0” | ||||
| L2/02-061 | N2482 | Kew, Jonathan (2002-01-29), Bidi committee consensus on Arabic additions from L2/01-425 | |||
| L2/02-227 | N2487 | Proposal to add 16 Arabic characters, 2002-05-21 | |||
| L2/03-102 | Vikas, Om (2003-03-04), Unicode Standard for Indic Scripts | ||||
| L2/03-101.10 | Proposed Changes in Indic Scripts [Urdu, Sindhi, and Kashmiri document], 2003-03-04 | ||||
| L2/03-112 | Pournader, Roozbeh (2003-03-05), New Arabic controls and Arabic joining | ||||
| L2/04-196 | N2653 | Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2004-06-04), "a-3", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 44 | |||
| L2/06-332 | Esfahbod, Behdad; Pournader, Roozbeh (2006-10-15), Proposal to change the Bidi category of five Arabic characters from AL to AN | ||||
| L2/06-372 | Lata, Swaran (2006-11-04), Issues Pertinent to Kashmiri | ||||
| L2/06-324R2 | Moore, Lisa (2006-11-29), "B.14.2", UTC #109 Minutes | ||||
| L2/15-183R | Pournader, Roozbeh (2015-07-28), Candidate characters for Grapheme_Cluster_Break=Prepend | ||||
| U+0603, 060F, 0615 | 3 | N2413 | Proposal for Incorporation of Urdu in ISO/IEC 10646 and Unicode, 2002-01-23 | ||
| L2/02-005 | Hussain, Sarmad; Afzal, Muhammad (2001-12-18), Urdu Computing Standards (Charts and Exhibits) | ||||
| L2/02-006, L2/02-006 | N2413-1 | Zia, Khaver (2002-01-10), Towards Unicode Standard for Urdu | |||
| L2/02-003 | N2413-2 | Afzal, Muhammad; Hussain, Sarmad (2001-12-28), Urdu Computing Standards: Development of Urdu Zabta Takhti (UZT) 1.01 | |||
| L2/02-004 | N2413-3 | Hussain, Sarmad; Afzal, Muhammad (2001-12-28), Urdu Computing Standards: Urdu Zabta Takhti (UZT) 1.01 | |||
| L2/02-163 | N2413-4 | Proposal to add Marks and Digits in Arabic Code Block (for Urdu), 2002-04-30 | |||
| L2/02-011R | Kew, Jonathan (2002-01-12), Comments on L2/02-006: Towards Unicode Standard for Urdu | ||||
| L2/02-197 | Freytag, Asmus (2002-05-01), Urdu Feedback from Bidi Committee | ||||
| L2/02-166R2 | Moore, Lisa (2002-08-09), UTC #91 Minutes | ||||
| L2/02-372 | N2453 | Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2002-10-30), "7.9", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 42 | |||
| L2/03-034 | Nelson, Paul; Ross, Fiona; Holloway, Tim; Hudson, John (2003-02-10), Proposal to change character properties of ARABIC SIGN SAFHA (U+0603) | ||||
| L2/04-196 | N2653 | Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2004-06-04), "a-3", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 44 | |||
| U+06EE..06EF, 06FF | 3 | L2/01-427 | N2481 | Kew, Jonathan (2001-11-01), Proposal to add Parkari letters to Arabic block | |
| L2/02-227 | N2487 | Proposal to add 16 Arabic characters, 2002-05-21 | |||
| 4.1 | U+060B | 1 | N2523 | Everson, Michael (2002-11-20), Proposal to encode the AFGHANI SIGN in the UCS | |
| L2/03-330 | N2640 | Everson, Michael (2003-10-01), Revised proposal to encode the AFGHANI SIGN in the UCS | |||
| U+061E, 065A..065C | 4 | L2/98-274 | Davis, Mark; Mansour, Kamal (1998-07-28), Proposed Arabic Script Additions for Minority Languages | ||
| L2/98-409 | Davis, Mark; Mansour, Kamal (1998-12-01), Proposal to add 25 Arabic characters to the BMP | ||||
| L2/02-021 | Davis, Mark; Mansour, Kamal (2002-01-17), Proposal To Amend Arabic repertoire | ||||
| L2/03-154 | Kew, Jonathan; Mansour, Kamal; Davis, Mark (2003-05-16), Proposal to encode productive Arabic-script modifier marks | ||||
| L2/03-168 | Kew, Jonathan (2003-06-02), Proposal to encode Arabic-script letters for African languages | ||||
| L2/03-210 | Kew, Jonathan (2003-06-12), Draft chart showing UTC #95 additions to Arabic blocks | ||||
| L2/03-223 | N2598 | Kew, Jonathan (2003-07-10), Proposal to encode additional Arabic-script characters | |||
| U+0659 | 1 | L2/03-133R | N2581R2 | Everson, Michael; Pournader, Roozbeh (2003-05-29), Proposal to encode the ARABIC ZWARAKAY in the UCS | |
| U+065D..065E | 2 | L2/04-025R | N2723 | Kew, Jonathan (2004-03-15), Proposal to encode Additional Arabic script characters | |
| 5.1 | U+0606..060A | 5 | L2/05-318 | Lazrek, Azzeddine (2005-10-24), Proposals for Unicode Consortium [Arabic mathematical symbols] | |
| L2/05-320 | Lazrek, Azzeddine (2005-07-10), Arabic Mathematical Diverse Symbols, Additional characters proposed to Unicode | ||||
| L2/06-125 | N3086, N3086-1 | Lazrek, Azzeddine (2006-03-30), Diverse Arabic Mathematical Symbols | |||
| U+0616, 063B..063F | 6 | L2/06-345R | N3180R | Everson, Michael; Pournader, Roozbeh; Sarbar, Elnaz (2006-10-24), Proposal to encode eight Arabic characters for Persian and Azerbaijani in the UCS | |
| L2/07-221 | Hallissy, Bob (2007-07-19), Shaping behavior of Arabic characters based on Farsi Yeh [2007.07.19] | ||||
| L2/07-225 | Moore, Lisa (2007-08-21), "B.14.3.1", UTC #112 Minutes | ||||
| U+0617..061A | 4 | L2/06-358R | N3185R | Everson, Michael; Pournader, Roozbeh (2006-11-01), Proposal to encode four Qur'anic Arabic characters in the UCS | |
| 6.0 | U+0620, 065F | 2 | L2/98-274 | Davis, Mark; Mansour, Kamal (1998-07-28), Proposed Arabic Script Additions for Minority Languages | |
| L2/98-409 | Davis, Mark; Mansour, Kamal (1998-12-01), Proposal to add 25 Arabic characters to the BMP | ||||
| L2/02-021 | Davis, Mark; Mansour, Kamal (2002-01-17), Proposal To Amend Arabic repertoire | ||||
| L2/09-406 | N3686 | Proposal to add one character in the Arabic block for representation of Kashmiri and annotation of existing characters, 2008-10-24 | |||
| L2/09-176 | Aazim, Muzaffar; Mansour, Kamal; Pournader, Roozbeh (2009-04-30), Proposal to add two Kashmiri characters and one annotation to the Arabic block | ||||
| L2/09-215 | Pournader, Roozbeh; Anderson, Deborah (2009-05-14), Proposal to add two Kashmiri characters | ||||
| L2/10-169 | Lata, Swaran (2010-05-06), Comments on the Proposed Arabic Letter Kashmiri Yeh | ||||
| 6.1 | U+0604 | 1 | L2/09-144R3 | N3734 | Pandey, Anshuman (2009-11-20), Proposal to Encode the Samvat Date Sign for Arabic |
| 6.3 | U+061C | 1 | L2/03-159 | Kew, Jonathan (2003-05-28), Proposal to encode Arabic triple dot punctuation mark | |
| L2/11-005 | Allouche, Matitiahu; Mohie, Mohamed (2011-01-16), Proposal to encode an Arabic-Letter Mark (ALM) | ||||
| L2/11-016 | Moore, Lisa (2011-02-15), "Scripts and Symbols — Arabic letter mark", UTC #126 / L2 #223 Minutes | ||||
| L2/11-278 | Allouche, Matitiahu; Mohie, Mohamed (2011-07-17), Proposal to encode an Arabic-Letter Mark (ALM) | ||||
| L2/11-397 | Edberg, Peter (2011-10-25), Proposed addition of AL MARK and LEVEL DIRECTION MARK (PRI #205 background) | ||||
| L2/11-398 | Edberg, Peter (2011-10-25), Accumulated Feedback on PRI #205 (moderated) | ||||
| L2/11-330 | N4181 | Anderson, Deborah (2011-11-04), Proposed Additions to ISO/IEC 10646 | |||
| L2/11-353 | Moore, Lisa (2011-11-30), "B.11.18", UTC #129 / L2 #226 Minutes | ||||
| L2/11-432R | N4180 | Allouche, Matitiahu; Mohie, Mohamed (2012-02-15), Proposal to encode the Arabic Letter Mark (ALM) | |||
| L2/13-040 | Pournader, Roozbeh; Lanin, Aharon (2013-01-29), Fasttracking Arabic Letter Mark (ALM) | ||||
| L2/13-011 | Moore, Lisa (2013-02-04), UTC #134 Minutes | ||||
| L2/13-240 | Davis, Mark (2013-12-12), Reconciling Script and Script_Extensions | ||||
| 7.0 | U+0605 | 1 | L2/09-163R | Pandey, Anshuman (2009-09-15), Proposal to Encode Coptic Numerals in ISO/IEC 10646 | |
| L2/10-114 | N3786 | Pandey, Anshuman (2010-04-10), Towards an Encoding for Coptic Numbers in the UCS | |||
| L2/10-206R | N3843R | Pandey, Anshuman (2010-06-21), Final Proposal to Encode Coptic Numbers | |||
| L2/10-421R | N3958R | Pandey, Anshuman (2010-11-01), Request to Rename ‘Coptic Numbers’ to ‘Coptic Epact Numerals’ | |||
| L2/11-062R | N3990 | Pandey, Anshuman (2011-02-14), Final Proposal to Encode Coptic Epact Numbers | |||
| |||||
See also
References
- ↑ "Unicode character database". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2016-07-09.
- ↑ "Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2016-07-09.
- ↑ The Unicode Consortium. The Unicode Standard, Version 6.0.0, (Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium, 2011. ISBN 978-1-936213-01-6), Chapter 8
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