German Reform Party

The German Reform Party (German: Deutsche Reformpartei or DRP) was a right-wing political party active in the German Empire. It had antisemitism as it ideological basis.

The initial German Reform Party was established in 1880 by Alexander Pinkert, a Saxony-based antisemite, as a strongly antisemitic and palingenetic party, advocating the elimination of the Jews and the rebirth of Germany. However this initiative only lasted until 1891.[1]

The later version of the DRP was established in either 1889 or 1890 by Otto Böckel and Oswald Zimmermann, who had been involved in the original party, under the name Antisemitic People's Party.[2] It was based in Erfurt in Saxony.[3] The Deutscher Antisemitenbund, an initiative of Wilhelm Pickenbach, was also included as part of the newly formed party.[4] The new party's main aim was the repeal of Jewish emancipation.[5]

The party contested the German federal election, 1890, winning four seats in the Reichstag.[6] It increased its total to eleven in 1893.[6] The party officially adopted its DRP to fight the latter election.[7]

In 1894 the DRP merged with the similarly antisemitic German Social Party to form the German Social Reform Party.[2][8] The drive for the merger of the two parties had been led by Zimmermann and was unsuccessfully opposed by Böckel.[7] Having lost his seat in 1903, Böckel faded from politics after the merger.[9]

Following the dissolution of the merged party in 1900 Zimmermann returned to using the DRP moniker and continued to sit in the Reichstag until 1910.[10] It continued to be represented in the Reichstag until the end of the empire.

References

  1. ↑ Matthew Lange, Antisemitic Elements in the Critique of Capitalism in German Culture, 1850-1933, Peter Lang, 2007, pp. 126-127
  2. 1 2 Richard S. Levy, Antisemitism: A Historical Encyclopedia of Prejudice and Persecution, ABC-CLIO, 2005, p. 22
  3. ↑ Christian Davis, Colonialism, Antisemitism, and Germans of Jewish Descent in Imperial Germany, University of Michigan Press, 2012, p. 26
  4. ↑ Lange, Antisemitic Elements in the Critique of Capitalism in German Culture, p. 151
  5. ↑ Michael C. Thomsett, The German Opposition to Hitler: The Resistance, the Underground, and Assassination Plots, 1938-1945, McFarland, 1997, p. 9
  6. 1 2 Davis, Colonialism, Antisemitism, and Germans of Jewish Descent in Imperial Germany, p. 33
  7. 1 2 Robert Melson, Revolution and Genocide: On the Origins of the Armenian Genocide and the Holocaust, University of Chicago Press, 1996, p. 118
  8. ↑ Lange, Antisemitic Elements in the Critique of Capitalism in German Culture, p. 183
  9. ↑ Dan S. White, The Splintered Party: National Liberalism in Hessen and the Reich, 1867-1918, 1976, p. 146
  10. ↑ Walther Killy (ed.), Dictionary of German Biography: Thibaut - Zycha, Volume 10, Walter de Gruyter, 2006, p. 705
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