Andrade

Castle of Andrade, Galicia

Andrade is a surname of Galician origin, which emerged in the 12th century as the family name of the knights and lords[1][2] of the small fiefdom of San Martiño de Andrade (St. Martin of Andrade) in northern Galicia, Spain, and which developed in the 16th century into the . Pontedeume, Ferrol and Vilalba were given in the 14th century to Fernán Pérez de Andrade by the king Henry II of Castile due to his services against his brother the King Pedro of Castile.

There's a notable Jewish branch which originated in Portugal in the 17th century as da Costa d'Andrade, and soon moved into England.[3] The surname Andrade is found predominantly in Portugal and Spain, and in countries of Latin America, Italy, Equatorial Guinea and East Timor, Goa, Philippines, and Karnataka in India. There is an important concentration of Andrade families residing in the United States, specifically, California, Massachusetts, Hawaii and Rhode Island.

The aristocratic family of Andrade

Tomb of the knight Fernan Perez d'Andrade (d. 1387 CE), Betanzos, Galicia. Note the family coat of arms.

The Andrade, sometimes spelled Andrada, became a powerful family in north-western Iberian peninsula during the late Middle Ages and the early Renaissance, time during which they held the titles of Counts of Andrade and Vilalba, amongst others, together with numerous castles, palaces, manor houses and extensive lands. The City of Ferrol and the borough of Pontedeume in particular, have always been regarded as the areas with the closest attachment to the Andrades, to the point, that Pontedeume have always been, and still is, known as The Borough of Andrade.

The two Galician Regions of Ferrolterra and Terra Chá (i.e. the Province of Mondoñedo which disappeared as a province in the 1833 territorial division of Spain though still exists as the Roman Catholic district of the Diocese of Mondoñedo-Ferrol) are known to have been part of the domains of Fernán Pérez de Andrade in the 14th century. Fernán Pérez de Andrade was made Count of Andrade and Pontedeume, and Lord of Ferrol, Serantes and Vilar. Later the family would obtain the title of Counts of Vilalba under the Catholic Monarchs gaining full control over the entire Terra Chá Region in today's Lugo Province. Most of the Galician properties, palaces and castles of the Andrade family these days belong to the House of Alba, and the present Countess of Andrade is Cayetana Fitz-James Stuart, 18th Duchess of Alba.

Coat of arms as borne by the Duchess of Franco

The Portuguese branch

Coat of Arms of the Portuguese Andrade family

This family soon spread to Portugal. This happened several times and with several different branches of the Andrade. The most important branch to go to Portugal was that of the 14th century Freire de Andrade in the person of Rui Freire de Andrade and his two sons, Nuno Rodrigues Freire de Andrade, later 6th Grand-Master of the Order of Christ, and Vasco Freire.

Coat of Arms of the Andrade (do Arco) family, from Madeira.

From this branch of the Freire de Andrade came João Fernandes de Andrade who, having served the Portuguese Kings Afonso V and John II in the conquest of the Moroccon strongholds of Tangier and Asilah, was granted a new Coat of Arms and possessions in the Portuguese Island of Madeira, namely in Arco da Calheta (Bow of the Calheta). João Fernandes de Andrade, known also as João Fernandes de Andrade do Arco, married Beatriz de Abreu and had prolific issue, descendants of whom were present in the colonization of Brazil. Jacob Velosinho de Andrade translated Saul Morteira's "Torat Mosheh" into Portuguese under the title "Epitome de la Verdad de la Ley de Moyses."[4]

People with the surname

See also

References

  1. ↑ Lamigueiro, José Luis. "Andrade, s. XI-XIV". Xeneaoxías do Ortegal. Retrieved 30 December 2016.
  2. ↑ Correas Arias, José Francisco (2009). A casa de Andrade, 1160-1540 : nobreza, mentalidade e ideoloxía na Galicia baixomedieval (1a ed.). Noia: Toxosoutos. ISBN 978-84-96673-87-8.
  3. ↑ http://www.pjohnp.me.uk/famhist/andrade.htm
  4. ↑ Bibliography: Kayserling, in Hebr. Bibl. 1860, iii. 58, 59;idem, Bibl. Esp.-Port. Jud. pp. 12, 13.D.
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