Anantapur district

Anantapur district
District of Andhra Pradesh

Location of Anantapur district in Andhra Pradesh
Country India
State Andhra Pradesh
Headquarters Anantapur
Tehsils 63[1]
Government
 • Lok Sabha constituencies Anantapur, Hindupuram
 • Assembly seats 14
Area
 • Total 19,130 km2 (7,390 sq mi)
Population (2011)
 • Total 4,083,315[2]
 • Urban 28.09%
Demographics
 • Literacy 64.28%
 • Sex ratio 978
Vehicle registration AP-02
Major highways NH44
Coordinates 14°42′N 77°36′E / 14.700°N 77.600°E / 14.700; 77.600Coordinates: 14°42′N 77°36′E / 14.700°N 77.600°E / 14.700; 77.600
Website Official website
Anantapur district is a part of Rayalaseema region (highlighted in blue) in Andhra Pradesh

Anantapur district (officially:Anantapuram district[3]) is a district in the Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh, India. The district headquarters is located at Anantapur city. As of 2011 Census, the district had a population of 4,083,315, of which 28.09% is urban and a literacy rate of 64.28%.[2] It is the largest district in terms of area in Andhra Pradesh and 7th largest district in India respectively.[4]

History

Gooty fort was a stronghold of the Marathas, but was taken from them by Hyder Ali. In 1789 it was ceded by his son Tipu Sultan to the Nizam of Hyderabad, and in 1800 the nizam ceded the surrounding districts to the British in payment for a subsidiary British force.[5] In 1882, Anantapuram district was formed by carving out from Bellary district.[6]

Geography

Districts of Andhra Pradesh

It is the largest district of Andhra Pradesh spanning an area of 19,130 square kilometres (7,390 sq mi),[7] comparatively equivalent to Japan's Shikoku Island.[8] It is bounded on the north by Kurnool District, on the east by Kadapa District, on the southeast by Chittoor District, and on the southwest and west by Karnataka state.[9] It is part of Rayalaseema region on the state. Its northern and central portions are a high plateau, generally undulating, with large granite rocks or low hill ranges rising occasionally above its surface. In the southern portion of the district the surface is more hilly, the plateau there rising to 2,000 ft (610 m). above the sea.[5] Six rivers flow within the district: Penna, Chithravathi, Vedavathi, Papagni, Swarnamukhi, and Thadakaleru. The district receives an average annual rainfall of 381 millimetres.

Anantapur city is 354 km from Hyderabad, 200 km from the neighbouring state capital of Bangalore. Anantapur connects Hyderabad and Bangalore through National Highway 7. There is an airport in the district located in Puttaparthi, known as Sri Sathya Sai Airport; however this airport currently has no scheduled service. Bangalore International Airport is nearest commercial airport to Anantapur District.

Demographics

As of 2011 census of India, Anantapur district has a population of 4,081,148 with 9,68,160 households, ranking it as the 7th most populous district in the state. It is the largest district in the state with an area of 19,130 km2 (7,390 sq mi).[10] Anantapur has a sex ratio of 977 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 63.57%.[11] Urban population in the district is 28.9% of total population.

Economy

The Gross District Domestic Product (GDDP) of the district is ₹35,838 crore (US$5.6 billion) and it contributes 6.8% to the Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP). For the FY 2013-14, the per capita income at current prices was ₹69,562 (US$1,100). The primary, secondary and tertiary sectors of the district contribute ₹9,944 crore (US$1.6 billion), ₹7,752 crore (US$1.2 billion) and ₹18,142 crore (US$2.8 billion) respectively to the GDDP.[12]

Agriculture and allied services Paddy and Groundnut are major Agricultural crops in the District. When it comes to Horticulture Banana and Papaya are heavily cultivated.

Industries Industries like Constructions, Manufactures and Electricity are major contributors for GVA.[12] Anantapur has a major potential for development of industry due to its strategic location between Bangalore – Chennai and Bangalore – Hyderabad routes and availability of vast tracts of land. In 2006 the Indian government named Anantapur one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640).[13] It is one of the thirteen districts in Andhra Pradesh currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[13]

Minerals Anantapur is a major producer of Dolomite and Iron Ore minerals.

Power plants Solar thermal power plant of 50 MW was commissioned at this village under Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission which was named as Megha Solar Plant. It is one of the 7 solar thermal plants in the country.[14][15]

Silk sarees

Dharmavaram region in Anantapur is world-famous for the handmade pure silk sarees. Its a major hub for Silk trade with end to end silk related industries situated in the region supporting a major portion of population. Tadipatri region in Anantapur is an industrialised town famous for Granite and Cement production. Ultra Tech Cements a unit of Industrial major Larsen & Toubro has a major Cement production unit near the town.

Agriculture

The economy is principally agrarian with a developing industrial sector. Anantapur receives very less rainfall due to its location in the rain shadow area of Indian Peninsula. Prominent crops include groundnut, sunflower, rice, cotton, maize, chillies, sesame, and sugarcane. Silk trade, limestone quarrying, iron and diamond mining. Anantapur town is known as Groundnut City in reference to the neighbouring Bangalore being called as Garden City.

Religious tourism

Lepakshi, a village in Anantapur District famous for temple of Vijayanagara architectural style, Monolithic Lepakshi Nandi, and Hanging Pillar, Monolithic Naagalingam.

Puttaparthi region in Anantapur is home to the Ashram of Sathya Sai Baba, one of the most popular spiritual gurus of India. Puttaparthi has developed into a major tourist destination due to vast infrastructure created by the ashram he founded, known as Prasanthi Nilayam.

Administrative divisions

Revenue divisions map of Anantapur district
Anantapur district mandals outline map

The District has 5 Revenue Divisions viz., Anantapur, Dharmavaram, Kadiri, Kalyandurg and Penukonda divisions. Kadiri and Kalyandurg divisions are formed in 2013.[16][17] These revenue divisions are further divided into 63 mandals.[10]

The mandals of the district are listed in the following table:

# Anantapur Division Dharmavaram Division Kadiri Division Kalyandurg Division Penukonda Division
1 Anantapur Bathalapalle Amadagur Beluguppa Agali
2 Atmakur Chennekothapalle Bukkapatnam Bommanahal Amarapuram
3 Bukkarayasamudram Dharmavaram Gandlapenta Brahmasamudram Chilamathur
4 Garladinne Kanaganapalle Kadiri D.Hirehal Gorantla
5 Gooty Mudigubba Kothacheruvu Gummagatta Gudibanda
6 Guntakal Ramagiri Nallacheruvu Kalyandurg Hindupur
7 Kudair Raptadu Nallamada Kambadur Lepakshi
8 Narpala Tadimarri Nambulapulakunta Kanekal Madakasira
9 Pamidi Obuladevaracheruvu Kundurpi Parigi
10 Peddapappur Puttaparthi Rayadurg Penu Konda
11 Peddavadugur Talupula Settur Roddam
12 Putlur Tanakal Rolla
13 Singanamala Somandepalle
14 Tadipatri
15 Uravakonda
16 Vajrakarur
17 Vidapanakal
18 Yadiki
19 Yellanur

Transport

The total of core road network of the district is 9,188 km (5,709 mi). It includes, 353 km (219 mi) of National Highways and other roads of 8,835 km (5,490 mi).[18] It has a total Rail Network of which 340 km (210 mi) is Broad gauge and 249 km (155 mi) is Meter gauge. The major railways stations are Guntakal Junction, Dharmavaram Junction, Gooty Junction,Rayadurg Junction, Penukonda Junction, Sathya Sai Prasanthi Nilayam, Hindpur.

Education

The primary and secondary school education is imparted by government, aided and private schools, under the School Education Department of the state.[19][20] As per the school information report for the academic year 2015-16, there are a total of 5,024 schools. They include, 28 government, 3,435 mandal and zilla parishads, 4 residential, 1,154 private, 25 model, 62 Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya (KGBV), 261 municipal and 55 other types of schools.[21] The total number of students enrolled in primary, upper primary and high schools of the district are 563,710.[22] The total number of students enrolled in primary, upper primary and high schools of the district are 563,266.[22]

Anantapur is an important education centre with many prominent educational, schools, colleges and universities situated in the district. Anantapur city has become a major hub with many education institutions situated in its vicinity. Some of the institutions include Sri Krishnadevaraya University, JNTU Ananthapur, Sri Sathya Sai University, Government Medical College, Srinivasa Ramanujan Institute of Technology, Government Polytechnic Hindupur.

References

  1. ↑ "District – Guntur". Andhra Pradesh Online Portal. Archived from the original on 28 April 2015. Retrieved 23 August 2014.
  2. 1 2 "Anantapur district profile". Andhra Pradesh State Portal. Archived from the original on 15 July 2014.
  3. ↑ Reporter, Staff. "Anantapur district to be renamed Anantapuram". The Hindu. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
  4. ↑ "Top 10 Largest Districts of India by Total Area". census2011.co.in.
  5. 1 2  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Anantapur". Encyclopædia Britannica. 1 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 913.
  6. ↑ Rayudu, C. S. (1 January 1991). Rural Credit in India: A Study of Andhra Pradesh. Mittal Publications. p. 2. ISBN 9788170992486.
  7. ↑ Srivastava, Dayawanti et al. (ed.) (2010). "States and Union Territories: Andhra Pradesh: Government". India 2010: A Reference Annual (54th ed.). New Delhi, India: Additional Director General, Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India), Government of India. pp. 1111–1112. ISBN 978-81-230-1617-7.
  8. ↑ "Island Directory Tables: Islands by Land Area". United Nations Environment Program. 18 February 1998. Retrieved 11 October 2011. Shikoku 18,545km2
  9. ↑ "Historical Background". Archived from the original on 15 May 2013.
  10. 1 2 "District Census Handbook – Anantapur" (PDF). Census of India. p. 14. Retrieved 18 January 2015.
  11. ↑ "Census 2011". Official website of Anantapuram district. Retrieved 19 March 2016.
  12. 1 2 "Economy of Anantapur District". Andhra Pradesh Economic Development Board. Retrieved 25 April 2017.
  13. 1 2 Ministry of Panchayati Raj (8 September 2009). "A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme" (PDF). National Institute of Rural Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 April 2012. Retrieved 27 September 2011.
  14. ↑ "Megha Solar Plant". National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Retrieved 29 April 2015.
  15. ↑ "Anantapur Gets Solar Power Plant". The New Indian Express. Hyderabad. 14 November 2014. Retrieved 29 April 2015.
  16. ↑ "Historical Background". Anantapur District Official website. National Informatics Centre. Retrieved 3 November 2014.
  17. ↑ "Anantapur gets two more revenue divisions". The Hindu. Anantapur. 27 June 2013. Retrieved 3 November 2014.
  18. ↑ "APEDB Anantapur". Andhra Pradesh Economic Development Board. Retrieved 25 April 201. Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
  19. ↑ "School Education Department" (PDF). School Education Department, Government of Andhra Pradesh. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 March 2016. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
  20. ↑ "The Department of School Education - Official AP State Government Portal". www.ap.gov.in. Archived from the original on 7 November 2016. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
  21. ↑ "School Information Report". Commissionerate of School Education. Government of Andhra Pradesh. Archived from the original on 8 November 2016. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
  22. 1 2 "Student Information Report". Commissionerate of School Education. Child info 2015-16, District School Education - Andhra Pradesh. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Anantapur district.
Adjacent places of Anantapur district
 Bellary district, Karnataka Kurnool district
Chitradurga district, Karnataka YSR Kadapa district
   Anantapur district  
Tumkur district, Karnataka Chikkaballapura district, Karnataka Chittoor district
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.