Amanar

The Amânar for women or Shewfelt for men is a skill in vault of artistic gymnastics. The vault was named after the first gymnast to perform it at World Championships or Olympic Games: Simona Amanar of Romania for women and Kyle Shewfelt of Canada for men; both were accomplished at the 2000 Summer Olympic Games in Sydney.[1] The vault belongs to the Yurchenko family, and it consists of a roundoff on and then 2.5 twists in a laid out back salto off the vault platform.

As of the beginning of 2017, this vault remains the hardest Yurchenko style vault and one of the hardest vaults successfully performed by women. Since the end of the traditional 10.0 scoring system in 2005 to 2012, the vault had a 6.5 difficulty score, 0.7 higher than the much more common double-twisting Yurchenko.[2] In the 2013-2016 Code Of Points, this vault was expectedly downgraded from a difficulty score of 6.5 to 6.3.[3] In the most current 2017-2020 Code of Points, this vault was further and more significantly downgraded from a difficulty score of 6.3 to 5.8, equivalent to only a double-twisting Yurchenko under the 2013-2016 Code of Points.

Although there has been no official advancement in this family of vaults since the 2000 Summer Olympics Games in Sydney for women, Hong Un Jong of North Korea, gold medalist in vault at the 2008 Summer Olympic Games in Beijing, did attempt a triple-twisting Yurchenko at the 2016 Summer Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro and was very close to successfully completing it.

For men, there remains only a handful of gymnasts to have successfully completed a triple-twisting Yurchenko, more commonly known as "Shirai" but officially "Shirai-Kim", in competition since it was achieved by both Kenzo Shirai of Japan and Kim Hee Hoon of South Korea at the same competition, 2013 World Championships. Shirai then went on to successfully complete a 3.5-twisting Yurchenko, "Shirai II", at the 2016 Summer Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro, and as of early 2017, he remains the only gymnast to have even attempted, let alone successfully completed, the "Shirai II" on vault.

Women who have completed the "Amanar"

As of July 2017, the following women have completed Amanars in competition:

Men who have completed the "Shewfelt"

The first male gymnast to perform a 2.5-twisting Yurchenko was Kyle Shewfelt of Canada. He initially completed the vault in 1999, and based on his performance in competition at the 2000 Summer Olympic Games in Sydney, he received naming credit for the vault in men's artistic gymnastics.

Since 2005 and to as of 2010, the "Shewfelt" corresponded to a 6.6 D-score[20] and was a common vault for top international males who were not vault specialists. However since 2004, men's vault has evolved to higher difficulty such that major-competition event finalists typically perform 7.0 vaults that are more difficult than the "Shewfelt".

The 2009-2011 World and 2012-2016 Olympic All-Around Champion, Kōhei Uchimura, had competed the "Shewfelt".

The following men have completed Shewfelts in competition:

A note on Shirai's contributions since he started competing internationally for Japan at the age of 17 in 2013: it took 13 years for him to end the stalemate and progress Yurchenko vaults from 2.5 to 3 twists, but he only needed 3 more years to make it 3.5 twists, which is one of only four vaults to be assigned the highest difficulty score of 6.0 for vault in men's artistic gymnastics under the 2017-2020 Code of Points.

Points downgrading for incompletes

In modern gymnastics scoring, incomplete twisting results in a downgrade of difficulty rather than an execution deduction. For example, attempted Amanars with less than 2.5 credited twists are considered double-twisting Yurchenkos and thus downgraded by 0.7, 0.5 or 0.4 under the 2009-2012, 2013-2016 or 2017-2020 Codes of Points.

At the 2010 World Championships, Russian Tatiana Nabieva's Amanar was downgraded in the event final (but credited in team finals and prelims) for incomplete twisting. The Russian team protested unsuccessfully. Controversy associated with the downgrade (and two other Russian vault downgrades) was reflected in Russian media; however, Christine Still of the BBC described the vault as having "two and one-quarter" rotations.[21] Similarly, the first vault of North Korea's Hong Un Jong was also only credited for an "Amanar" when she attempted a triple-twisting Yurchenko during the vault event final at the 2016 Summer Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro but was ruled that twisting was incomplete, in part due to a fall on landing as well.

Notes and references

Notes
  1. ↑ Performed vault while age-ineligible for meet, 2004 Olympics.
References
  1. ↑ "Simona Amânar - 2000 Olympics EF - Vault 1".
  2. ↑ "Women's Artistic Gymnastics Code of Points 2009–2012". Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique. p. 163. Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 27 November 2010.
  3. ↑ "FIG Executive Committee - Official News" (PDF). Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 November 2012. Retrieved 27 February 2013.
  4. ↑ "Johnson Jumps Into Lead". Inside Gymnastics. 5 June 2008.
  5. ↑ "Johnson Defends U.S. Title". International Gymnast Magazine. 7 June 2008.
  6. ↑ Normile, Dwight (11 March 2008). "Johnson's Loss at the American Cup Also Her Gain". International Gymnast Magazine.
  7. ↑ "The Daily 9, Wed Oct 14". Inside Gymnastics. 14 October 2009.
  8. ↑ Normile, Dwight (17 October 2009). "China Grabs 3 of 5 Golds on First Day of Finals". International Gymnast Magazine.
  9. ↑ Moceanu, Dominique; Mike Canales (15 October 2009). "From the Stands: Women's Qualification". International Gymnast Magazine.
  10. ↑ Normile, Dwight (14 October 2009). "Session IV: Porgras Still Leads All-around Prelims". International Gymnast Magazine.
  11. ↑ "Ross Leads Junior Prelims". 12 August 2010.
  12. 1 2 3 Normile, Dwight (12 August 2010). "Junior Women: Ross Leads, Wieber Falters". International Gymnast Magazine.
  13. 1 2 Normille, Dwight (14 August 2010). "Jr. Women: Ross Cruises to Second U.S. Title". International Gymnast.
  14. ↑ Normille, Dwight (15 August 2009). "Ross Stays on Top, Claims U.S. Junior Title". International Gymnast.
  15. ↑ Normille, Dwight (13 August 2009). "Ross Takes Lead at U.S. Junior Championships". International Gymnast.
  16. ↑ Normile, Dwight (7 June 2010). "U.S. Will Not Send Wieber to Inaugural Youth Olympic Games". International Gymnast Magazine.
  17. ↑ "Inside Scoop: Our Take On Women's Qual, Day 1". Inside Gymnastics. 16 October 2010.
  18. 1 2 Turner, Amanda (23 June 2011). "Raisman, Ross Take Titles at CoverGirl Classic". International Gymnast.
  19. ↑ "Elizabeth Price amanar vault - 2012 City of Jesolo Trophy". March 2012.
  20. ↑ "Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique : Rules". Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique. Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 28 November 2010.
  21. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7GiZIJ_d5vU
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