Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky (town)
| Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky (in English) Александровск-Сахалинский (Russian) | |
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.svg.png) Location of Sakhalin Oblast in Russia | |
  Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky | |
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| Administrative status (as of December 2011) | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Sakhalin Oblast[1] |
| Administrative district | Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky District[1] |
| Administrative center of | Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky District[1] |
| Municipal status (as of July 2012) | |
| Urban okrug | Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky Urban Okrug[2] |
| Administrative center of | Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky Urban Okrug[2] |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2010 Census) | 10,613 inhabitants[3] |
| Time zone | MAGT (UTC+11:00)[4] |
| Founded | 1862[5] |
| Town status since | 1917 |
| Postal code(s)[6] | 694420–694424 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 42434[7] |
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| Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky on Wikimedia Commons | |
Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky (Russian: Алекса́ндровск-Сахали́нский) is a town in Sakhalin Oblast, Russia, located near the Strait of Tartary on the western shores of Northern Sakhalin at the foot of the Western Sakhalin Mountains. Population: 10,613 (2010 Census);[3] 12,826 (2002 Census);[8] 19,166 (1989 Census);[9] 21,000 (1968).
History
A settlement called Alexandrovskaya on the present site of the town was first recorded in 1862.[5] In 1869, an agricultural farm was established there, which later grew into the village of Alexandrovka. At the time, it was known as Otchishi (落石) among Japanese.
In 1881, a military post was established and became known as Alexandrovsky post. The outpost served as the administrative center for managing katorga, prisons, exile settlements, and the whole island until the October Revolution. Anton Chekhov lived here 1890 while gathering material for his book The Sakhalin Island.
Town status was granted to Alexandrovsky in 1917. During the Russian Civil War, the town was under the control of Admiral Kolchak in 1918-1920, before being occupied by the Japanese until 1925. It was known as Akō (亜港) during Japanese occupation between 1918-1925.
In 1926, the town was renamed Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky to distinguish it from other places of the same name.
Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky was the administrative center of Sakhalin Oblast between 1932 and 1947. It was also known as the coal mining center of the island during the Soviet times.
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky serves as the administrative center of Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky District and is subordinated to it.[1] As a municipal division, the town of Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky and thirteen rural localities of Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky District are incorporated as Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky Urban Okrug.[2]
Economy and infrastructure
The economy of Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky is mainly reliant on its harbor, the oldest and previously most important on Sakhalin, and the mining of black coal in the local area.
Climate
Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky has a continental Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification Dsb/Dfb) [10] with short mild to warm summers and long, cold winters.
| Climate data for Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 3.0 (37.4) |
5.4 (41.7) |
11.4 (52.5) |
20.9 (69.6) |
28.1 (82.6) |
29.4 (84.9) |
32.0 (89.6) |
32.6 (90.7) |
28.3 (82.9) |
21.2 (70.2) |
13.8 (56.8) |
5.7 (42.3) |
32.6 (90.7) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −12.0 (10.4) |
−10.0 (14) |
−3.7 (25.3) |
4.2 (39.6) |
10.7 (51.3) |
16.1 (61) |
19.4 (66.9) |
20.5 (68.9) |
16.4 (61.5) |
8.7 (47.7) |
−1.3 (29.7) |
−8.8 (16.2) |
5.0 (41) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −16.3 (2.7) |
−14.6 (5.7) |
−8.0 (17.6) |
0.2 (32.4) |
5.9 (42.6) |
11.4 (52.5) |
15.4 (59.7) |
16.6 (61.9) |
12.3 (54.1) |
5.1 (41.2) |
−4.5 (23.9) |
−12.2 (10) |
0.9 (33.6) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −20.3 (−4.5) |
−19.0 (−2.2) |
−12.4 (9.7) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
2.2 (36) |
7.5 (45.5) |
11.8 (53.2) |
13.2 (55.8) |
8.6 (47.5) |
1.8 (35.2) |
−7.5 (18.5) |
−15.9 (3.4) |
−2.8 (27) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −41.0 (−41.8) |
−37.3 (−35.1) |
−34.2 (−29.6) |
−25.9 (−14.6) |
−8.9 (16) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
0.5 (32.9) |
1.5 (34.7) |
−2.5 (27.5) |
−15.0 (5) |
−26.0 (−14.8) |
−36.9 (−34.4) |
−41.0 (−41.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 38 (1.5) |
28 (1.1) |
31 (1.22) |
29 (1.14) |
48 (1.89) |
38 (1.5) |
54 (2.13) |
93 (3.66) |
97 (3.82) |
97 (3.82) |
61 (2.4) |
63 (2.48) |
677 (26.65) |
| Average rainy days | 0.2 | 0.04 | 0.3 | 7 | 17 | 15 | 16 | 19 | 20 | 19 | 5 | 1 | 120 |
| Average snowy days | 26 | 24 | 20 | 15 | 6 | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 9 | 25 | 28 | 153 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 80 | 79 | 75 | 74 | 76 | 80 | 84 | 82 | 79 | 74 | 75 | 80 | 78 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 100 | 134 | 185 | 189 | 215 | 252 | 214 | 202 | 180 | 127 | 78 | 57 | 1,933 |
| Source #1: Pogoda.ru.net[11] | |||||||||||||
| Source #2: NOAA (sun, 1961–1990)[12] | |||||||||||||
Gallery
Anton Chekhov museum in Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky. It is the house where he stayed in Sakhalin during 1890
Anton Chekhov monument in Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky
"Three Brothers" rocks in Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky
Settler's way of life. Near church at holiday. 1903
Aleksandrovskaya Prison in Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky in 1903
References
Notes
- 1 2 3 4 5 Law #25-ZO
- 1 2 3 Law #524
- 1 2 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
- ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №271-ФЗ от 03 июля 2016 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #271-FZ of July 03, 2016 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
- 1 2 Энциклопедия Города России. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. p. 17. ISBN 5-7107-7399-9.
- ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ↑ Телефонные коды Сахалина - Dialing codes of Sakhalin (in Russian)
- ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
- ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
- ↑ http://en.climate-data.org/location/53370/
- ↑ "Pogoda.ru.net (Weather and Climate-The Climate of Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky)" (in Russian). Weather and Climate. Retrieved 13 May 2015.
- ↑ "Aleksandrovsk–Sahal (Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky) Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 13 May 2015.
Sources
- Сахалинская областная Дума. Закон №25-ЗО от 23 марта 2011 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Сахалинской области», в ред. Закона №62-ЗО от 27 июня 2013 г. «О внесении изменения в статью 10 Закона Сахалинской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Сахалинской области"». Вступил в силу 9 апреля 2011 г.. Опубликован: "Губернские ведомости", №55(3742), 29 марта 2011 г. (Sakhalin Oblast Duma. Law #25-ZO of March 23, 2011 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Sakhalin Oblast, as amended by the Law #62-ZO of June 27, 2013 On Amending Article 10 of the Law of Sakhalin Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Sakhalin Oblast". Effective as of April 9, 2011.).
- Сахалинская областная Дума. Закон №524 от 21 июля 2004 г. «О границах и статусе муниципальных образований в Сахалинской области», в ред. Закона №45-ЗО от 27 мая 2013 г. «О внесении изменения в Закон Сахалинской области "О границах и статусе муниципальных образований в Сахалинской области"». Вступил в силу 1 января 2005 г. Опубликован: "Губернские ведомости", №175–176(2111–2112), 31 июля 2004 г. (Sakhalin Oblast Duma. Law #524 of July 21, 2004 On the Borders and Status of the Municipal Formations in Sakhalin Oblast, as amended by the Law #45-ZO of May 27, 2013 On Amending the Law of Sakhalin Oblast "On the Borders and Status of the Municipal Formations in Sakhalin Oblast". Effective as of January 1, 2005.).
External links
Media related to Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky at Wikimedia Commons
Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky travel guide from Wikivoyage
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