Latvian Air Force
Latvian Air Force | |
---|---|
Latvian Air Force emblem | |
Active | 1918-1940, 1991-present |
Country | Latvia |
Branch | Air force |
Role | Aerial warfare |
Size | 14 Aircraft, 251 personnel |
Motto(s) | All for Latvia! |
Insignia | |
Roundel | |
Aircraft flown | |
Reconnaissance | PZL-104 |
Transport | Mi-2, Mi-8, An-2, L-410 |
Latvian Air Force (Latvian: Latvijas Gaisa spēki) is the aviation branch of the National Armed Forces.[1] The first Air Force (AF) units were established 1992. It has no air combat capability, thus the defense of Latvian air space is maintained by NATO, with rotating detachments of four aircraft to Lithuania at four-monthly intervals (see Baltic Air Policing).
History
The Latvian Air Force was first founded during the Latvian War of Independence. On 7 June 1919 an Air Group was formed, commanded by Lt. Alfrēds Valleika. The first aircraft were former Bolshevik Nieuport 24bis and Sopwith 1½ Strutter, both seized from German forces. They first flew on 5 August 1919, and accomplished the first bombing mission on 26 August 1919.[2] From September the air force had three aircraft, and took part in fighting against the Germans and White Russians. Another 7-8 aircraft were seized and repaired after defeating of Russo-German forces, and 7 Sopwith Camels and 3 Sopwith 1½ Strutters were received from the British in December 1919.[2] The Latvian air force flew 69 missions during the war of independence.[2] In the years to follow many more aircraft were added to the inventory and the Air Group was eventually renamed the Aviation Regiment in 1926. An interesting feat of the Latvian naval aviation was a 6000-km trip to England and back, by three Fairey Seal floatplanes, in 1936.[3]
In 1939, the Aviation Regiment consisted of three fighter squadrons, armed with 24 Gloster Gladiator and 6 Bristol Bulldog (a fourth squadron was in organization), three reconnaissance squadrons, armed with up to 12 Letov Š-16LS, 2 Hawker Hind and 10 Stampe SV.5, and a naval reconnaissance squadron with 4 Fairey Seal and two other planes.[2] The Soviet occupation in 1940 ended the activities of the Air Force. At that time there were almost 130 aircraft.
The post-Soviet Latvian Air Force was formed on 24 February 1992 at Spilve Airport. In August 1994 the airforce moved to an ex-soviet Lielvārde Air Base. In the beginning of the new century two new and more heavy Mi-8MTV Hip helicopters were bought. Both helicopters are fitted with search and rescue equipment, but are also used for transportation of troops, evacuation and support of the Special Forces. In 2004 the Ministry of Defense bought two more Mi-8MTV's at the Russian Ulan Ude helicopter (rework) factory. These two might replace the first two, because of the limited flying time left on the first two examples. One Mi-8MTV is normally at SAR stand-by in Riga, which is closer to the sea than Lielvārde.
In 2004, the Air Force has commenced the modernization of the surface air defense capabilities by signing a contract regarding procurement of RBS-70 missiles.
In 2005, soldiers of the Air Force Air Defense Wing have started the respective training course. One Air Defense Battery will be supplied with the armament; and the personnel training of the Air Defense Wing will be completed by the end of 2007.
It is planned to accommodate all the Air Force units at the Lielvārde military base in the near future. AF Air Operations Center was opened in 2009. Renovation of the air base is planned to be finished by 2014.
Mission
The Air Force carries out Latvian airspace surveillance, control and defense, provides air defense support to the Land Forces units and participates in search and rescue operations over the Baltic Sea, the Gulf of Riga and dry land. They also transport NAF soldiers and cargo, provide transport for the State President, as well as other high-level Latvian and foreign officials during their visits to Latvia and abroad. AF aircraft also assist other NAF units, the Interior Ministry and the Crisis Medicine Centre. The Air Force carries out the national airspace surveillance by military radars included in its armament.
One of the key priorities for the development of the AF is their integration into the NATO Air Defense System. The modernization of air defense equipment and the training of personnel is carried out with this purpose in mind. Enhancing the Air Space Surveillance System, developing a search and rescue helicopter subdivision and personnel training are also included on this list of priorities.
Air Force helicopters in co-operation with the Disaster Medicine Center also transport patients in grave condition, persons injured in accidents and persons injured in traffic accidents from rural regions to Riga hospitals.
Development of the Lielvārde military base will ensure centralization of Air Force units and establishment of an efficient command and control system, which will result in a reduction of the maintenance costs of the Air Force units.
The main mission of Air Force is to:
- Provide for the control and defense of the national air space;
- Provide combat and mobilization readiness for units;
- Participate in people and object search and rescue operations;
- Perform air transportation duties and air defense.
Structure of Air Force
Air Force Headquarters
- Aviation Squadron
- Air Surveillance Squadron
- Squadron Staff
- Air Operations Center
- 1st Radio Technical (Radar) Post
- 2nd Radio Technical (Radar) Post
- 3rd Radio Technical (Radar) Post
- Mobile Radar Section (TPS-117 radar)
- Signal Section
- Engineer Section
- Security Platoon
- Air Defense Wing
note 1 Each Air Defense Battery consists of the following: 1x Radar Platoon, 3x Air Defense Platoons, 1x Support Platoon, and 1x Signal Unit)
Current inventory
Aircraft
Aircraft | Origin | Type | In service | Notes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Helicopters[4] | ||||||
Mi-17 | Russia | SAR / Utility | 4[5] | |||
Mi-2 | Poland | Training | ||||
Airplanes[4] | ||||||
L-410 | Czechia | Transport | ||||
An-2 | Ukraine | Transport |
Air Defense
Name | Origin | Type | In service | Notes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Anti-aircraft artillery | ||||||
RBS-70 | Sweden | MANPADS | 18 |
References
- ↑ Contact
- 1 2 3 4 Latvian Air Force 1918-1940, "Insignia Air Force Special", London:Blue Rider Publishing, 2000, ISBN 1-902851-04-8
- ↑ Indans' Great Amok, "Insignia" Issue 11, Volume 3, Number 3, Spring 1999, ISSN 1360-4848, p.76-82
- 1 2 Latvian Air Force. Latvian Military http://www.mil.lv/Vienibas/Aviacijas_baze/Tehnika.aspx. Retrieved 1 June 2017. Missing or empty
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(help) - ↑ "World Air Forces 2015 pg. 30". Flightglobal Insight. 2015. Retrieved 9 April 2015.
- ↑ "Latvian Air Force Equipment. 30". Latvian Armed Forces.
- Latvian Air Force on scramblemagazine.nl
- Latvian Air Force aeroflight.co.uk
- http://www.mil.lv/Vienibas/Aviacijas_baze/Tehnika.aspx