Adjustment (psychology)

In psychology, adjustment refers to the behavioural process of balancing conflicting needs, or needs against obstacles in the environment. Humans and animals regularly do this, for example, when they are stimulated by their physiological state to seek food, they eat (if possible) to reduce their hunger and thus adjust to the hunger stimulus. Adjustment disorder occurs when there is an inability to make a normal adjustment to some need or stress in the environment.

In general, the adjustment process involves four parts:

  1. a need or motive in the form of a strong persistent stimulus
  2. the thwarting or nonfulfillment of this need
  3. varied activity, or exploratory behaviour accompanied by problem solving
  4. some response that removes or at least reduces the initiating stimulus and completes the adjustment.[1]

Adjustment in life is very crucial. It is because the one who fails to adjust in life invites- 1. Mental stress which paves way for- 2. Decline in health 3. Worse work efficiency and 4.Sometimes even exclusion from society (because the one who cannot control his desires and needs becomes greedy and can commit any crime such as robbery or even murder to fulfill his needs)

Some methods of adjustment are given as below- 1.compensation-By compensation we mean by the act in which a person if not being well at one aspect or sphere of life performs good at some other aspect. Say for example a child who is not good at academics may devote his whole academic life in sports activities such that he becomes an eminent player. 2. Rationalization- Putting the blame of own failure on some other person or thing. Such as cursing the destiny for meeting an accident on fast driving. 3. Identification-some times a person who is underachieved boasts in front of people of some of his relative or friend who is extremely accomplished. This is called identification. In colleges the kids often boast of their father's status. 4. Projection-Living own dreams through some loved one (mostly child). Putting own dreams on others. Say for example in earlier times when women were confined to 4 walls of the house but they wanted to do something in their life and were not allowed to do so, today make and even force their daughters to do something in life and live their dreams in name of their daughters. 5. Day dream-Day dreaming gives relaxation to every one and at some hour of the day we all use this mechanism. We imagine ourselves as what we desire to be.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Adjustment (psychology) at Encyclopædia Britannica

Yogita Singh (B.Ed. Student at IP University), Edited the article

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