Shiwiar language

Achuar
Shiwiar
Native to Peru, Ecuador
Ethnicity Achuar people, Shiwiar
Native speakers
 (undated figure of 3,000–3,500 in Peru)[1]
4,000 in Ecuador (2007)[2]
Jivaroan
  • Achuar
Language codes
ISO 639-3 acu
Glottolog achu1248[3]

Shiwiar, also known as Achuar, Jivaro, Maina, is a Jivaroan language spoken along the Pastaza and Bobonaza rivers in Ecuador.

Phonology

Consonant phonemes[4]
Bilabial Alveolar Postalveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m n ŋ
Stop p t k ʔ
Affricate ts tʃ
Fricative s ʃ x
Approximant j w
Tap ɾ
Vowel phonemes[4]
Front Central Back
Close i ĩ iː u ũ uː
Close-mid ɘ ɘ̃ ɘː[5]
Open a ã aː

References

  1. ↑ Achuar at Ethnologue (10th ed., 1984). Note: Data may come from the 9th edition (1978).
  2. ↑ Achuar-Shiwiar at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
  3. ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, eds. (2016). "Achuar-Shiwiar". Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  4. 1 2 Fast Mowitz (1975), p. 10.
  5. ↑ Lev, Stark & Chang (2012), citing the same source, give these instead as [ɨ], [ɨ̃ ]] and [ɨː].
  6. 1 2 3 Fast Mowitz (1975), p. 2.

Bibliography

  • Fast Mowitz, Gerhard (1975), Sistema fonológico del idioma achual, Lima: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano 
  • Lev, Michael; Stark, Tammy; Chang, Will (2012). "Phonological inventory of Achuar-Shiwiar". The South American Phonological Inventory Database (version 1.1.3 ed.). Berkeley: University of California: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages Digital Resource. 



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